A Stylistic Analysis of Hemingway’s A Clean,Well-Lighted Place

One important theme of Hemingway＇s A Clean, Well-Lighted Place is the nothingness of life itself, At the beginning of this short story, Hemingway presents a setting--the cafe, which is familiar to us, and then moves our attention to focus on the characters within that setting, The story is told through the dialogues between the two waiters and is in third-person narration, In the following paragraphs we will focus on stylistic characteristics of this short story,     

India's demand for international reserve and monetary disequilibrium: Reserve adequacy under floating regime

The main aim of this study is to investigate India's demand for international reserve by focusing on the role of national monetary disequilibrium and to present new benchmarks for assessing the adequacy of international reserves. We assessed India's position in terms of reserve adequacy and found that India is well placed and has sufficient stock of international reserves to meet the minimum adequacy requirements. Also, the results reveal that the central bank is holding substantial excess reserves and the related opportunity cost (1.5% of GDP) appears to be quite considerable. Further, the estimates of reserve demand function suggest that scale of foreign trade, uncertainty and profitability considerations play significant role in determining India's long-term reserve demand policies. More importantly, validating the monetary approach to balance of payment, our results show that national monetary disequilibrium does play a crucial role in short-run reserve movements. An excess of money demand (supply) induces an inflow (outflow) of international reserves with an elasticity of 0.56 which also implies that Reserve Bank of India responds to correct the domestic money market disequilibrium; and did not just leave it completely on the mercy of reserve inflows.     

Second-Order Approximations to Two Classes of Sequential Estimation Procedures

For the model considered by Chaturvedi, Pandey and Gupta (1991), two classes of sequential procedures are developed to construct confidence regions (which may be interval, ellipsoidal or spherical) of ‘pre-assigned width and coverage probability’ for the parameters of interest and for the minimum risk point estimation (taking loss to be quadratic plus linear cost of sampling) of the nuisance parameter. Second-Order approximations are derived for the expected sample size, coverage probability and ‘regret’ associated with the two classes of sequential procedures. A simple and direct method of obtaining the asymptotic distribution of the stopping time is provided. By means of examples, it is illustrated that several estimation problems can be tackled with the help of proposed classes of sequential procedures.     

亚里士多德的谬误理论及其方法论蕴思

亚里士多德关于谬误的理论主要载于《工具论》的《辩谬篇》和《前分析篇》中,另外在《修辞学》一书中也有阐述。在《辩谬篇》中,亚里士多德从分析反驳入手对谬误做了定义和界分。《前分析篇》中所体现的特点正是要以明确谬误研究中的逻辑因素。作为逻辑应用理论的现代谬误理论,它的产生和发展表明它不是来和现代形式逻辑竞争的,更不是用来反形式逻辑的,而是作为形式逻辑的一个补充,在不同的研究领域发挥不同的作用。     

社会保险经办服务体系改革：机构定位与政策建议

以探讨构建服务型政府形势下社保经办服务体系改革思路为研究目的。通过实证分析方法,分析了当前社保经办服务建设能力不足和管理体制散乱的突出问题;借鉴国际经验,提出加强顶层设计,结合事业单位分类改革,重塑社保公共服务体系的思路。     

天伦和人伦共生伦理永恒——秦汉传统中基于发生角度的伦理分类

天伦、人伦之分最晚始于秦汉,两者在彼此对应中时被混用。从发生角度而言,天伦是天生的伦理,人伦是人为的伦理。天伦、人伦同气分形,共生中国人的伦理永恒、伦理信仰：天伦同气,因血缘而在代代传承中贯通有限生命,内生诚信,分形人伦;人伦基于诚信,为各自目的,从血缘和天伦向外全方位分形为姻缘、情缘、地缘、业缘、神缘、网缘等,使夫妻、朋友及各种职业伦理、社会伦理视需要和可能而及时结合或解散。伦理永恒是中国人的永恒,内化为伦理信仰,与有关因素共生,永葆中华文明生生不息,迥异于世界其他几大文明的命运与其宗教信仰的关系。敦睦伦理,消除伦理危机,关系到国家长治久安、文明生生不息,社会各界责任重大,国家的伦理责任更为重大。     

诗界革命采用保守方式的原因探微

诗界革命是多元发生的、本土化的、保守的汉诗改良运动。它是特定时代的产物,既有诗的因素,更有政治体制和文化思想变革等非诗的因素。晚清诗坛的进步势力与保守势力既对抗更和解的局势决定了诗界革命的保守改良性质。保守也来源于那些热衷改革的进步文人,他们在政治体制上不得不“全盘西化”,为了求得心理平衡,甚至因为自卑而产生自负,他们更加重视甚至高估本土文化,加上当时对外国诗歌的“先进性”的了解远不如对外国科学及政治体制的了解。古代汉诗特别是定型诗体格律诗体成了封建专制的象征物和封建文人聊以自慰的心理寄托品。在社会改革大潮冲击下,他们只愿意对汉诗进行“本土化”改良。因此诗界革命只在汉诗的语言特别是词语上作了适度的改良,根本没有涉及到汉诗文体的两大基本成分——诗体和诗家话的实质性变革。诗界革命采用保守的改良方针具有一定的合理性。     

使用种次号加辅助区分号对“同类书”的集中方法

由于在文献分类编目工作中会遇到各种内容相同,而在装帧形式、版本形式等方面不同的“同类书”,而将这些“同类书”在目录组织进而在分类排架中组织在一起十分困难,为了方便读者对比和选择使用,阐述了采用种次号加辅助区分号将这些“同类书”集中的具体方法,结果表明,此种方法不仅目录组织清晰,还有助于读者对图书的检索和利用。     

汉末魏晋辞赋人神相恋题材的情感模式及文体特征

汉末魏晋辞赋"人神相恋"的同题之作,大都表现出丽色-爱悦-自持-分离-怅惘的情感模式,反映了人神邂逅之际或人神爱慕之时,一种来自生命本能的爱悦与内心礼防之间的冲突,以及这一冲突下不得不分离的怅惘.这种脱却外在政治寓意与伦理道德的情感主题,在志怪小说中因"志怪"的外衣而得到更加真实的再现.这一时期的辞赋作家将辞赋虚构的文体特征与创作主体第一人称叙述模式相结合,利用赋体的铺陈功能以及颂与讽的表达效果与模式,让辞赋适时地承担了这种情感主题的表达.随着南朝诗坛声色大开、宫体诗兴盛改变着人们对女性的审美态度,此类辞赋创作在南朝逐渐衰弱.     

论文化产业内部结构的划分与演进——基于核心要素的视角

当前理论界对文化产业内部结构划分没有一个令人信服的方法,本文提出“核心要素”的新视角,将文化产业划分为资源型文化产业、制造型文化产业和创意型文化产业。文化产业内部结构的演进是一个客观的历史进程,遵循着由资源型文化产业向制造型文化产业再到创意型文化产业的发展路径。解构文化产业结构并深入研究其演进规律,对文化产业的发展具有重要的指导意义。