Issues in Promoting Adult Foster Care as an Option to Institutionalization

Adult foster care is a semi-institutional living arrangement that stresses the importance of providing care in a family-like environment. This article examines the concept of adult foster care and some of the issues relevant to the development of such programs. Policy issues related to the implementation of programs are also discussed. As a unique option to institutionalization, adult foster care has much to offer if certain barriers can be eliminated or minimized.     

What do lesbians do in the daytime? Recover

This paper examines a narrative taken from an ethnographic interview, for the speaker's conversational construction of lesbian and other identities along with ideologized personal history. To tell her story, Marge shifts to the discourse style used in the meetings of addiction recovery groups. She prioritizes the recovery (twelve-step) program's coherence system, structuring her life story in conformity with its terms while narrating a complexly queered identity. Four analyses are given, beginning with a Labovian formal examination and proceeding with a consideration of three types of discourse echoing: interdiscursivity, intratextuality, and manifest intertextuality. This study demonstrates the analytical linking of nonpublic linguistic discourse to social discourses; individual identity construction to social construction (and its coherence systems); and personal history to historical eras. The paper adds the concept of a metalevel complicating action to narrative theory and develops a means of examining intratextuality for critical discourse analysis. It presents a revised view of essentialism for the sociolinguistic study of gender and sexuality.     

Social Policy at the 2004 Election

Social policy appeared to be a key battleground at the 2004 Australian Federal election. Opposition Leader Latham announced major policies on Medicare, family support and taxation, and schools funding during the election campaign. Using sample survey data from the Australian Election Study 2004, this paper analyses how these policies may have influenced voters. In brief, although a significant proportion of electors identified these issues as being extremely important to them when they were deciding about how to vote, many made up their mind about how to vote around the time of the announcement of the election or before. This mitigated the potential effect that these major policies could have on the election outcome. Nevertheless, these policies were important and Labor had a significant policy advantage amongst those who were late deciders about how to cast their vote.     

Conceptualising the psycho‐emotional aspects of disability and impairment: the distortion of personal and psychic boundaries

Recent feminist critics of the social model of disability have pointed towards a danger that disability studies may give relatively little attention to personal and emotional aspects of disablist oppression and impairment. We argue for consideration of the centrality of the distortion of personal and psychic boundaries as a key aspect of oppressive relational dynamics surrounding disability. Within the observer the disturbing psychic evocations of disability, and related defences, are connected to the maintenance of dynamics of unreal, collusory and alienating modes of relating, which may deprive disabled people of the recognition of subjective experience and personhood. Skewed socialisation of disabled people, involving inter alia the protection of the emotional lives of others, as well as the reality of inaccessible material resources, contributes to the internalisation of disablism and the ideological recruitment of disabled people as complicit in their marginalisation.     

杜诗与《文选》关系研究述略

杜甫教子"熟精<文选>理",且"续儿诵<文选>",明确表现出对<文选>一书的情有独钟.事实上,杜甫自觉接受<文选>,其诗歌创作深受<文选>的影响.我国古人对这一问题的研究大量散见在诗话、笔记、注释等文本中,大致说来,这些研究主要从两方面得以展开:一是从宏观上探讨杜甫接受<文选>的原因和表现,它触及<文选>选文、杜甫诗学思想等诸多理论问题;一是从微观上对杜诗和<文选>作文本分析,探讨其间的因革关系,它重在对杜甫诗歌创作技艺和规律的总结.     

正确认识和处置史料的五种方法

瞿林东认为,前辈史家在对待史料方面的一些见解、方法和经验在当今时代仍然具有重要的参考价值和借鉴意义,这主要表现在重博闻善择;重分析辨析;重金石之学与二重证据;关注大量的、普遍的、主要的史料;以及重视历史资料的二重性等五个方面。张连生对“史料”定义问题进行了重新阐释,他认为,所谓“史料”应当是指“反映某一特定历史事实的原貌的材料”,它有特定的材料范围,而不是任何一种历史资料都可以充当的。游彪专就金石文字的史料价值和解读方法进行了探讨,他认为,金石文字是其他类型史料所无法替代的珍贵史料,使用者在运用金石文字时必须深入探究金石文字背后所隐藏的意蕴。陈述则对网络史料的内涵与特点进行了探讨,他认为,网络史料具有过去任何史料载体所无法比拟的容量,可以涵盖实物史料、口碑史料、文字史料和音像史料等,通过互联网,研究者就如同找到了一个流动的图书馆,而且它还具有快速、便捷、省时等特点。     

从传播学的角度看中文新词英译

新词是社会活动的脉搏,敏感地反映着社会中的新事物、新现象、新概念和新思维。中文新词的英译能及时、准确地向国际社会传播和介绍中国的发展现状。本文拟从传播学入手,辩证地探讨中文新词英译,分析翻译过程中可能影响翻译传播效果的因素。     

史学研究学风和治史方法论

我国著名史学家、中国社会科学院荣誉学部委员朱大渭先生为本刊撰文,以深切体验评析当代史学研究学风,兼及治史方法,鞭辟入里,发人深思,对学界特别是广大青年学子当是难得诤言。     

Structural Nested Models and Standard Software: A Mathematical Foundation through Partial Likelihood

Abstract.  In observational studies treatment may be adapted to the patient's state during the course of time. These covariates may in turn also react on the treatment under study, and so on. This makes it hard to distinguish between treatment effect and selection bias. Structural nested models aim at estimating treatment effect in such complicated situations, even when treatment may change at any time. We show that structural nested models can often be calculated with standard software, by using standard models to predict treatment as a tool to estimate treatment effect. Robins ( Survival analysis, Volume 6 of Encyclopedia of Biostatistics , John Wiley and Sons, Chichester, 1998) conjectured this, but so far it was unproven. We use a partial likelihood approach to choose the estimators and tests as a subclass of the estimators and tests in Lok (math. ST/0410271 at http://arXiv.org , 2004). We show that this is the class of estimators and tests that can be calculated with standard software. The estimators are consistent and asymptotically normal, and have interesting asymptotic properties.     

贵州农村土地承包期政策研究

贵州农村土地承包期政策，即“增人不增地，减人不减地”政策，是贵州的一项极具特色的地方立法。该政策对贵州农村经济发展、社会稳定等曾起到了积极作用。然而，从法律价值层面分析，该政策不利于其价值目标的实现；从法律效力层面分析，该政策与现行法律相悖；从社会实证层面分析，该政策亦无法正确反映农村村民的需求，实须改进。