论小组工作介入艾滋病防治的理念与模式

在遵循尊重保密、互助互惠、民主参与和赋权的原则下,在艾滋病防治中引入小组工作,可以有效地缓解艾滋患者及其相关人群的情绪问题,提升艾滋患者及其相关人群的相关认知和技巧,促进艾滋患者之间的互帮互助和社会支持网络,并实现社会的接纳与融合. 具体来说,艾滋病防治中的小组工作可以采取治疗模式、互惠模式、社会目标模式以及发展性模式.     

艾滋病——不可忽视的社会问题

艾滋病因其传播速度快、死亡率高,引起了国际社会的广泛关注。目前,它已是一个必须面对和解决的社会问题,一个艾滋病肆虐的国家,在艾滋病方面的关注程度,以及为应对所下的力度,对于其社会、经济、政治等众多领域都将产生深远的影响。     

提高人口质量是防止艾滋病泛滥的有效途径

文章从国内外两个方面论述了艾滋病与人口质量之间的互动关系,指出在中国目前阶段,提高人口质量是防止艾滋病泛滥的有效途径。     

AIDS与人口安全

本文主要论述了AIDS对人口数量、质量、人口结构及负担系数等带来的重大影响,以期加强我国对AIDS对人口安全的影响和关注。     

Resilience among older caregivers in rural Namibia: The role of financial status,social support and health

Background: Namibia has one of the highest human immunodeficiency virus (HIV) prevalence rates and one of the highest rates of orphanhood in the world, and older caregivers provide much of the care to Namibians living with HIV and acquired immune deficiency syndrome (AIDS) (UNAIDS, 2014). In this study, the authors explore how financial status, social support, and health were related to the resilience of caregivers caring for people affected by HIV and AIDS in rural northern Namibia, Africa. Method: Data were collected through a structured interview from (N = 147) caregivers from the Zambezi region. Results: Findings from this study show that employment and physical health were significantly associated with increased resilience in older caregivers. Discussion: Our findings point to the need for employment assistance and health services to improve the resilience of caregivers caring for people living with HIV and AIDS. We conclude that there is a need for more vigorous concerted efforts from public and private sector practitioners and policy makers to create more sustained formal employment opportunities and intervention programs aimed at improving the overall health of older HIV caregivers, especially those residing in rural HIV endemic communities in developing countries.     

HIV感染与艾滋病的社会文化维度

HIV感染与艾滋病已经成为一个全球性的、严重的健康和社会问题。从社会医学的角度看 ,艾滋病并非仅仅是HIV的感染及对人类免疫系统的损害 ,在HIV的传播和艾滋病的患病过程中 ,社会、文化和行为因素具有极为重要的影响。本文对社会、文化和行为因素与HIV的起源和传播的关系 ,社会文化压力对艾滋病患者和HIV感染者的压力进行了分析 ,并就有关艾滋病防治政策提出了批评和建议     

浅论艾滋病对中国儿童权益的影响

从人类发现艾滋病到现阶段的二十余年时间,艾滋病已经给许多国家带来了严重危害,也给这些国家的儿童造成了极大伤害,包括受艾滋病病毒感染的儿童和艾滋孤儿。如何有效保护而不是歧视艾滋病病毒感染者,尤其是儿童这个特殊群体的健康问题已成为全球关注的热点和焦点问题。我国应根据具体国情,制定和完善有关法律和政策,加大宣传教育和干预措施,提高全民预防艾滋病的意识,消除对艾滋病感染者的歧视和偏见,给予他(她)们尤其是儿童艾滋病感染者和艾滋孤儿更多的关爱,使他们和正常儿童一样在社会理解和宽容的环境下健康成长。     

Kin and Youths in the Social Networks of Youth‐Headed Households in Namibia

In settings highly affected by HIV/AIDS, households headed by children may result from strained family relations, poverty, and stigma associated with the disease. Understanding local systems and dynamics of support is essential to planning comprehensive models of care. This study measured size and composition of the support and conflict networks of 27 children and youth heads of household in northern Namibia and documented their perceptions of adequacy. Results showed a strong presence of and satisfaction with kin and peers as supporters, which challenges the assumptions that these households have few functional ties to family and that adults are the sole providers of support. Assistance to children without parental supervision should build on existing local strategies and children's resources.     

边缘与中心共舞：社会安全视野下的全球艾滋生命治理——以中国边城为例

本文以艾滋病为例探讨社会应对风险的可能路径,分析了“中心”与“边缘”两种治理模式的互动过程,进而挖掘社会创新的可能性。“中心”逻辑以保卫社会之名推行规范性教育话语,并在实际运作中固化秩序,追求成本效益;“边缘”逻辑则在特定善的理念引导下进行探索性社会行动。二者是当代世界应对风险的体制性道德驱力。随着边缘与中心的互动,艾滋病病毒感染者的境况从被排除翻转为例外性纳入,由此体现了当代世界生命治理的元结构。中国边城的感染者同伴小组内嵌到中心体制之中,促使感染者人口更加平稳地进入医学体系,同时也开启了全新的社会行动领域,激发了生命活力的涌现。艾滋病作为社会实验所彰显的边缘能量,对探索社会本身的包容性和开放性潜能有着深远意义。     

浅谈伦理学原则在艾滋病预防过程中的体现--社会宽容的应用

艾滋病控制的出路在于预防.作者审视了艾滋病预防过程中应遵守的伦理学原则,并以此为理论基础,分析综合现实状况,论证了社会宽容政策提出的必要性及其在应用中针对HIV/AIDS和高危人群的现实意义和基本措施.