Generalizations of Mathisen's median test for comparing several treatments with a control

A distribution-free test for comparing several treatments with a control is proposed for one-way classified data. It is advantageous to use the test in life-testing experiments where testing time is expensive. The proposed test has a shorter expected duration than a previously proposed test by Slivka(1970). The optimal allocation of the experimental units to the treatments for two situations are given. In a simulation study the power of the test is compared with the power of Slivka's test. An extension of the test for two-way classified data is given     

Curve prediction and clustering with mixtures of Gaussian process functional regression models

Shi, Wang, Murray-Smith and Titterington (Biometrics 63:714–723, 2007) proposed a Gaussian process functional regression (GPFR) model to model functional response curves with a set of functional covariates. Two main problems are addressed by their method: modelling nonlinear and nonparametric regression relationship and modelling covariance structure and mean structure simultaneously. The method gives very good results for curve fitting and prediction but side-steps the problem of heterogeneity. In this paper we present a new method for modelling functional data with ‘spatially’ indexed data, i.e., the heterogeneity is dependent on factors such as region and individual patient’s information. For data collected from different sources, we assume that the data corresponding to each curve (or batch) follows a Gaussian process functional regression model as a lower-level model, and introduce an allocation model for the latent indicator variables as a higher-level model. This higher-level model is dependent on the information related to each batch. This method takes advantage of both GPFR and mixture models and therefore improves the accuracy of predictions. The mixture model has also been used for curve clustering, but focusing on the problem of clustering functional relationships between response curve and covariates, i.e. the clustering is based on the surface shape of the functional response against the set of functional covariates. The model is examined on simulated data and real data.     

Time allocation of one- and two-parent mothers

Using data from one- and two-parent households with two children in rural and urban areas of California, this study analyzes time allocation decisions in market work, household work, and leisure activities among single and married mothers. Results of the seemingly unrelated regression procedures indicate that family structure affects time in household work but not market work or leisure activities. Of the socio-demographic variables, only day of the week explains time allocation to household work, market work, and leisure activities among single and married mothers.This research has been supported by the United States Department of Agriculture through the Georgia Agricultural Experiment Station under Southern Regional Project S-206.Teresa Mauldin is an Assistant Professor and Carol B. Meeks is an Associate Professor in the Department of Housing and Consumer Economics, the University of Georgia, Athens, GA 30602. Dr. Mauldin received her Ph.D. from The Ohio State University and is interested in time use, economic well-being of individuals and families, and family structure. Dr. Meeks also received her Ph.D. from The Ohio State University and her research interests include time use, family structure, and economic aspects of housing.     

我国分税制财政体制的创新研究

1994年实行的分税制 ,对我国的改革开放和经济发展起到了极大的推动和促进作用 ,特别是 2 0 0 2年实行的所得税制改革更是对分税制财政体制的一次重大的制度创新。然而 ,随着我国社会主义市场经济体制的不断完善和发展 ,当前财政体制的弊端也日益显露出来 ,新一轮的制度创新已成为必然。     

基于金融功能观的我国国有银行改革范式转换

审视中国国有银行制度变革历程我们会发现,基于"机构范式"的改革似乎已走到尽头.我们需要以"功能范式"来审视中国的国有银行改革,并以此指导下一步的金融体制改革,使其更好地促进金融和经济的协调发展.基于功能范式,我国国有银行改革的逻辑起点应该是银行作为金融中介最大可能地实现其功能,改革应从国有银行所处的系统环境和经济目标出发,重视国有银行与外部环境间的功能耦合关系,而不是仅仅局限于提高国有银行自身的效率.     

报酬方案和资源分配对预算松弛影响的实验研究:基于调整型资源分配方式的一个检验

本文基于管理控制理论,探索如何发挥预算的行为驱动及组织学习作用。运用实验方法研究了不同报酬方案下,对前期预算松弛调整的竞争性资源分配与控制方式对预算松弛的影响。研究结果显示,一方面通过模拟市场竞争诱导下属提交真实的预算目标,优化资源分配;另一方面对预算参与人的松弛行为实施有效控制,二者的交互作用可以有效降低预算松弛,体现了预算控制的双重优化作用。     

Optimal treatment allocation and study duration for trials with discrete-time survival endpoints

Studies on event occurrence may be conducted in experiments, where one or more treatment groups are compared to a control group. Most of the randomized trials are designed with equally sized groups, but this design is not always the best one. The statistical power of the study may be larger with unequal sample sizes, and researchers may want to place more participants in one group relative to the other due to resource constraints or costs. The optimal designs for discrete-time survival endpoints in trials with two groups, where different proportions of subjects in the experimental group are taken into account, can be studied using the generalized linear model. Applying a cost function, the optimal combination of the number of subjects and periods in the study and the optimal allocation ratio can be found. It is observed that the ratio of the recruitment costs in both groups, the ratio of the recruitment cost in the control group to the cost of obtaining a measurement, the size of the treatment effect, and the shape of the survival distribution have the greatest influence on the optimal design.     

Sampling designs for landsat crop surveys

The problem of designing large scale crop surveys which utilize Landsat data is addressed in this paper. Emphasis is on stratification and sampling approaches designed to achieve preselected precisions while permitting manageable data processing and survey costs. A dynamic area sampling frame which is versatile and highly suited for sampling of Landsat data is discussed along with the use of rotation sampling for incorporating multiple years of information into the area estimation     

收入分配问题对构建和谐社会的影响及对策

当前,构建和谐社会已经成为中国人民为之奋斗的重要任务。但是,由收入分配不公而引起的收入差距和贫富差距的扩大所引发的问题也日益严重。这个问题已不完全属于经济问题,在社会上已引发出一些不和谐之音。如果收入分配问题不能得到及时化解,其累积的后果将有可能对整个社会的和谐与稳定造成严重冲击。所以,促进社会公平和正义是构建社会主义和谐社会的关键所在。有鉴于此,研究收入分配问题对构建和谐社会的影响及对策就显得尤为重要。     

长三角经济一体化与金融资源配置优化

本文在论述区域经济一体化、金融一体化与金融资源配置优化之间关系的基础上,提出以长三角金融一体化,实现金融资源配置优化,推进长三角经济一体化深化,形成长三角经济新增长极和新高地的理论,进而通过对长三角金融合作、金融资源配置现状的剖析,提出以长三角金融一体化,实现金融资源配置优化的对策。