应用全面创新管理提高中小型企业创新能力研究

在全球抗争危机中创新型企业(包括中小型企业)表现出了其独赋的优势,而中小型企业在其转型和升级中也需要借助全面创新管理提升其创新能力.本文首先探讨了什么是创新型企业;继而讨论了如何走向创新型企业及其三个阶段:"二次创新--组合创新--全面创新";紧接着对全面创新管理的内涵、特征做了较详讨论.然后对本专辑的论文安排结构作了简要介绍.     

全员创新提升创新能力研究

基于对国内外全员创新实践的回顾以及前人的研究,本文提出了支撑全员创新的全要素创新的概念模型,并通过大样本问卷分析,揭示了全员创新实施所缺失的创新要素:创新文化、信息系统和组织结构扁平化.针对这三种创新要素的缺失,本文提出了相应的对策,同时,结合国内外大企业全员创新的成功经验,提出了中小企业实施全员创新的参考性建议.     

Does age affect the efficacy and safety of GreenLight HPS™ laser photoselective vaporization prostatectomy?

Background: To evaluate the efficacy and safety of GreenLight HPS^? (High Performance System) laser photoselective vaporization prostatectomy (PVP) for the treatment of benign prostatic hyperplasia (BPH) in patients of different age groups. Methods: 164 consecutive patients were stratified into two groups: age <70 (group I, n?=?93) and age ≥70 (group II, n?=?71) years. Transurethral PVP was performed using a GreenLight HPS? side-firing laser system. Voiding parameters were measured preoperatively and at 1 and 4 weeks and 3, 6, 12, 18, 24 and 36 months postoperatively. Results: Among the preoperative parameters evaluated, there were significant differences (p?<?0.05) in prostate volume (I: 58.7; II: 73.6?mL) and serum prostate-specific antigen (I: 1.9; II: 2.9?ng/mL), while American Urological Association Symptom Score (AUASS), Quality of Life (QoL), maximum flow rate (Qmax), Sexual Health Inventory for Men (SHIM) and post void residual (PVR) were similar (p?>?0.05) between groups. No significant differences in laser utilization, energy usage and operating time were noted. Clinical outcomes (AUASS, QoL, Qmax, PVR) showed immediate and stable improvement from baseline (p?<?0.05) within each group, but no significant differences between the two groups were observed during the follow-up period. The incidence of adverse events was low and similar in both groups. Conclusions: The results suggest that age has little effect on the efficacy and safety of GreenLight HPS? laser PVP.     

Efficiency Bounds for Missing Data Models With Semiparametric Restrictions

This paper shows that the semiparametric efficiency bound for a parameter identified by an unconditional moment restriction with data missing at random (MAR) coincides with that of a particular augmented moment condition problem. The augmented system consists of the inverse probability weighted (IPW) original moment restriction and an additional conditional moment restriction which exhausts all other implications of the MAR assumption. The paper also investigates the value of additional semiparametric restrictions on the conditional expectation function (CEF) of the original moment function given always observed covariates. In the program evaluation context, for example, such restrictions are implied by semiparametric models for the potential outcome CEFs given baseline covariates. The efficiency bound associated with this model is shown to also coincide with that of a particular moment condition problem. Some implications of these results for estimation are briefly discussed.     

司法化:中国刑事诉讼修改的当下与未来走向

1979年以来,中国刑事诉讼立法的发展贯穿了一条主线——程序司法化。此次《刑事诉讼法修正案(草案)》在改变单方、双方结构,建立并完善三方结构方面做出了努力,进一步增强了刑事诉讼诸阶段的司法化要素。但应当看到,当下的程序司法化努力还主要局限在审判阶段(尤其是一审)的实体性裁判方面,公安机关、检察机关所实施的涉及公民基本权利的诉讼行为,大都仍未纳入司法化的范围。未来的改革应立足中国司法实际,坚决而渐进地推进程序的司法化。     

子代情感支持选择对农村老年妇女主观幸福感的影响——基于安徽省的问卷调查分析

根据2011年“安徽省老年妇女养老问题农村地区调查”数据,应用Logistic回归方法,对农村地区老年妇女在情感支持方面不同子代角色的选择对其主观幸福感的影响进行了分析研究.研究结果显示:在情感支持方面选择儿媳和女儿的农村老年妇女主观幸福感发生比较高,选择儿子和女婿的则对其主观幸福感有负面影响.     

“指事”新说

“指事”定义“视而可识,察而见意”中的“识”历来被理解为“认识”,造成定义语义重复,分野不明确,分类也颇多分歧。“识”当作“分别、分辨”讲,“视而可识”是说可以从形体上将一组关系字分别开来,“察而见意”是说仔细观察就可以看出字的意义指向。这样理解,指事字的范围和分类都比较明确。     

秦简所见田租的征收

根据新发现的秦简可知,井田制破坏之后,秦国实行授田制,田租征收采取了寓"公田"于"私田"之中的办法,由田部官吏按照一定的比例(1/10)从各户田地中划出一部分作为"税田","税田"上的收获物作为"田租"全部上缴。这种田租属于分成租而非定额租。     

被动性“入场”与依附性“运作”：对一个国际NGO在中国工作过程的社会学分析

从20世纪90年代初开始,作为"外来者"的国际NGO纷纷涌入中国。近年来,学术界对国际NGO的研究成果也越来越多,但主要局限于描述国际NGO的参与式工作方法和工作领域,评价其对中国政府扶贫机制的补充作用,而对于国际NGO前期"入场"和后期"运作"过程缺乏关注。基于笔者在某国际NGO的工作经验,以"局外人"的身份重新审视该国际NGO的整个"入场"及后来的"运作"过程,文章发现国际NGO一步步从资金拥有者的"主动方"深陷"地方性知识"控制之中,以致于呈现被动性"入场"与依附性"运作"的特征,最终导致发展项目在实践上的扭曲和变形。     

草畜平衡制度为何难以实现“草畜平衡”

草畜平衡制度是我国草原管理和生态保护的基本制度,但在实施中却难以达到"草畜平衡"的目的。文章基于内蒙古地区的田野调查和文献资料,从草场生态过程和牧民行为两个方面,分析了草畜平衡制度在实施中问题产生的根源。研究表明:一方面,干旱半干旱草场存在一定的非平衡生态系统特征,承载力管理不一定能实现草场的可持续利用;另一方面,牧民对载畜量的控制是一个多因素影响下的综合决策,并受到市场、畜牧业生产周期、生计需求的限制。而现行的草畜平衡制度在这两个基本环节的处理上采取了简单化、标准化的思路,导致该制度不能有效执行。文章认为,在资源时空异质性异常显著的干旱半干旱草场,目前将"草畜平衡"作为落实到每一微观牧户的实施手段,其可行性值得商榷,草场管理中更应该侧重生态系统的弹性管理,而不仅仅是关注作为阈值的承载力本身。