影响世界历史的汉语拼音——纪念《汉语拼音方案》50周年和正词法20周年

《汉语拼音方案》及其正词法是国家语言法律规定的拼写和注音工具。它具有音素化、拉丁化、口语化和词式化的性质。要破除阻力，让它发挥更大的作用。     

论奥斯古德对昆明高峣社区的人类学研究

1938年夏天,美国年轻学者科尼利尔斯·奥斯古德为了履行与燕京大学的合作计划,不远万里来到滇池西岸一个名不见经传的小村庄调查.1961年,他开启尘封的笔记本,整理旧资料,补充新文献,完成了<旧中国的农村生活:对云南高峣的社区研究>.70年过去,重温科尼利尔斯·奥斯古德的研究历程,我们仍会从中获得许多有益的启示.     

先进制造业基本特征刍议

本文结合当今先进制造业已具备的几个基本特征分析了我国制造业发展中存在的一些问题 ,并对如何解决这些问题提出了自己的观点与见解     

中国心理学史与中国的本土心理学研究之比较

中国的本土心理学和中国心理学史研究既有区别,又有联系。中国的本土心理学以内发性本土化原则为指导,以中国人的心理行为和本土的传统心理学为研究对象,在研究方法上采取多元化的态度。中国心理学史以外在逻辑原则为主导原则,以中国心理学思想为研究对象,形成了系统的研究方法。中国的本土心理学和中国心理学史研究有相同的文化背景和研究价值,这构成了二者契合的前提。中国的本土心理学和中国心理学史可以相互借鉴,共同建构科学的中国心理学。     

口语教学中的文化教学

语言与文化相互依赖密不可分,语言学习离不开文化积累。本文从文化、语言、交际的内涵以及三者的关系为出发点,阐述了中西文化体现在语言运用上的差异,提出了将文化融于口语教学中的必要性和具体的实施方法。     

比较文学:历史探求与现实思考

比较文学自诞生以来经历了三次危机。对于中西比较文学来说,危机既是挑战也是机遇。就目前中国比较文学的研究现状而言,要紧的还是脚踏实地,多做研究。要对国际学术界共同关心的问题形成自己的独到见解,提出并解决已有的理论话语未曾涉及的理论命题,真正做到理论创新,从而争取国际文化对话中的话语权。     

Consumption Patterns of Chinese Children

In the ten-year period from 1990 to 1999, children's consumption has increased dramatically in proportion to family income. In 85% of urban families, children's average consumption is equal to one third or more of the family's income. Resources are being directed to children's food and dietary supplements, toys, travel, computers and other electronic equipment, and educational resources. Children perceive that they have a significant influence on the family's financial decision-making. Problems related to children's consumption include indulgence in unnecessary or harmful purchases, and conspicuous consumption that cannot be sustained by the family's income. While some child-focused spending is viewed as enriching development, other expenditures may harm the family's economic well-being and foster an overly materialistic outlook among children.     

试论英语教学中教师的主导作用

本文从道德教育、文化传播、知识传授和能力培养等四个方面论述了在英语教学中教师的主导作用,阐述了英语教学中教师主导作用的重要性。     

Bias Correction in the Dynamic Panel Data Model with a Nonscalar Disturbance Covariance Matrix

Approximation formulae are developed for the bias of ordinary and generalized Least Squares Dummy Variable (LSDV) estimators in dynamic panel data models. Results from Kiviet [Kiviet, J. F. (1995), on bias, inconsistency, and efficiency of various estimators in dynamic panel data models, J. Econometrics68:53-78; Kiviet, J. F. (1999), Expectations of expansions for estimators in a dynamic panel data model: some results for weakly exogenous regressors, In: Hsiao, C., Lahiri, K., Lee, L-F., Pesaran, M. H., eds., Analysis of Panels and Limited Dependent Variables, Cambridge: Cambridge University Press, pp. 199-225] are extended to higher-order dynamic panel data models with general covariance structure. The focus is on estimation of both short- and long-run coefficients. The results show that proper modelling of the disturbance covariance structure is indispensable. The bias approximations are used to construct bias corrected estimators which are then applied to quarterly data from 14 European Union countries. Money demand functions for M1, M2 and M3 are estimated for the EU area as a whole for the period 1991: I-1995: IV. Significant spillovers between countries are found reflecting the dependence of domestic money demand on foreign developments. The empirical results show that in general plausible long-run effects are obtained by the bias corrected estimators. Moreover, finite sample bias, although of moderate magnitude, is present underlining the importance of more refined estimation techniques. Also the efficiency gains by exploiting the heteroscedasticity and cross-correlation patterns between countries are sometimes considerable.     

文化差异给英汉翻译带来的困难

翻译涉及到语言和文化。本文从五个方面阐述了不同的文化观念给翻译带来的困难,并以举例的方式提出了解决这些困难的方法。