论丁日昌在洋务运动中的历史作用

洋务运动是我国近代史上一场著名的革新运动，丁日昌作为洋务运动中的先行者、创新者与实干者发挥了重要作用。在 江南制造总局创办的各个阶段中，丁日昌积极参与其中，是该局的实际创办者之一。其近代海防思想符合国家近代化的要求， 促进了我国近代新式航运业的起步和发展。在教育近代化上，丁日昌大胆对科举制度提出变革，并积极促成了出洋留学计 划。丁日昌在洋务运动中发挥了不可忽视的历史作用。     

女权运动同盟会与中共妇女运动统一战线的初步尝试

1922年8月，北京女权运动同盟会成立，随后浙江、上海、天津、南京、山东、湖北等地相继成立，其主要活动为女权宣传、女权请愿、于民权运动中争女权，如参加取消治安警察法运动、裁兵运动、声援工人罢工、支持学生运动等，同时还致力于女工保护、争取男女教育平等、参加国民会议运动等，其斗争锋芒直指封建伦理道德和军阀统治。女权运动同盟会是中国共产党妇女运动统一战线的初步尝试，中国共产党和社会主义青年团的指导和影响贯穿女权运动同盟会发起、成立、发展的全过程。女权运动同盟会在唤起妇女觉醒，影响社会舆论、引导妇女群众贯彻民主政治等方面都有一定的积极意义。     

《一只马蜂》——丁西林的戏剧语言先锋之作

丁西林剧作的语言被认为在中国现代戏剧中独树一帜，他不仅通过文体的杂糅而写出一种书面化的白话文，同时利用丰富的修辞来构建语言的文学性与多义性。但是鲜有论者结合白话文运动、早期新剧的发展等历史背景，并具体到词汇、句法与修辞的层面来分析其语言的特点及历史意义。运用文本细读与实证研究的方法，透过跨文化的视野，从文体和修辞两方面来探讨他的处女作《一只马蜂》的语言特征，说明剧中的隐喻表明该剧的确是作家的一篇戏剧语言先锋之作。     

In sight,in mind: Spatial proximity to protest sites and changes in peoples' political attitudes

Occupying public spaces can be an effective tactic for conveying a semantic message of protest and gaining wider support; however, it may also severely disrupt the everyday lives of non-participants and causes a backfire. Therefore, it remains unclear whether and how the occupy movements have shifted political attitudes among the general public. Bringing a social-spatial perspective to the case of the Occupy Central Movement (OCM) in Hong Kong, this study investigates how the attitudinal impact of occupation has varied according to people's spatial proximity to the protest sites. Using two waves of individual-level panel data collected right before and after the OCM and detailed geo-information on the respondents' home addresses and the occupied areas, we apply a difference-in-differences (DIDs) design to identify the causal link between space and attitudes. In addition, propensity score matching (PSM) methods are used to ensure the comparability of nearby and faraway residents. The results show that after the OCM, residents living near the occupied areas not only maintained their support for the pro-democracy camp but also became more liberal as compared to faraway residents. This phenomenon can be explained by the “on-site” effect, which suggests that the direct exposure to protestors' solidarity and the repressive actions of authorities arouse bystanders' sympathy for the protestors and support for their political cause. Such influence appears to be long-lasting and can be evidenced by the local election results after the protest.