"公平"辨正

公平与正义、公正、平等概念既有联系又有区别,不宜混淆.公平是效率合法、持久的基础,是实现效率的根本方式.公平内含权利公平、机会公平、规则公平和分配公平等层次,后者以前者为基础.     

生育性别选择的新变化及对策建议

我国部分地区群众生育性别选择出现了一些新的变化,主要表现在由就地选择向异地选择变化,由“持证”后选择向“持证”前选择变化,由婚后选择向婚前选择变化,由产前选择向产后选择变化。文章分析了产生这些变化的原因,并提出了相应的对策建议。     

Defining and Dimensionalising Diversity:: Evidence from Corporate Websites across Europe

The corporate ‘diversity statement’ is a new tool increasingly used by large companies to promote diversity management policies on their websites. Through an examination of these on-line texts, we identify how companies construct the meaning of ‘diversity’ through its dimensions. Few companies actually define diversity. However, dimensions of diversity cover a wide-ranging set of individual differences, not just gender and race but other visible and less visible differences that might lead to discrimination in the workplace. By comparing statements from 241 top companies in eight countries (Finland, France, Germany, Netherlands, Norway, Sweden, Switzerland and the UK), we reveal how the definition of ‘diversity’ and its dimensions as used on websites varies across Europe.     

Global Civil Society and the Question of Global Citizenship

For many recent commentators, the association of citizenship with the nation-state is under siege, as transnational and even global forms of citizenship begin to emerge. The nascent phenomenon of global citizenship in particular is characterized by three components: the global discourse on human rights; a global account of citizenly responsibilities; and finally “global civil society.” This last component is supposed to give a new global citizenship its “political” character, and for many represents the most likely vehicle for the emergence of a global, democratic citizen politics. This paper critically examines this view, asking whether a global form of citizenship is indeed emerging, and if so whether “global civil society” is well-equipped to stand in as its political dimension. The paper examines two opposed narratives on the potential of global civil society to form a political arm of global citizenship, before returning by way of conclusion to the vexed notion of global citizenship itself.This paper draws from the final chapter of Rethinking Equality: the Challenge of Equal Citizenship, Manchester University Press, Manchester, 2006.     

论所有权的平等保护

所有权的立法模式是物权法立法中的重要问题。第一种观点主张根据所有权标的的不同,将所有权区分为动产所有权和不动产所有权;第二种观点认为,应根据所有权主体的不同,对所有权进行类型化的区分,分为国家所有权、集体所有权和私人所有权。第三种观点认为,所有权的类型化区分和平等保护相结合。笔者认为,根据平等保护的差别性原则,应该侧重保护私人所有权,因为私人所有权处于弱势地位。     

语言规划的动机分析

丹尼斯·阿格在<语言规划和语言政策的动机研究>一书中对语言规划和语言政策的七大动机身份、意识形态、形象、不安、不平等、融合、工具等进行了充分阐释.阿格的论述说明:语言规划的动机不是单一的,而是一个复杂的,涉及社会、政治、经济、心理等诸多因素的多维结构.     

最优的社会管理规则不等于正义的基本原则——柯亨驳罗尔斯的正义建构主义

罗尔斯在《正义论》中提出了一种用来获取社会正义原则的建构主义方法。为了全面论证罗尔斯正义原则所包含的不正义,分析马克思主义学派代表人物G.A.柯亨在《拯救正义和平等》一书中论证了该方法没有资格用来获取正义的基本原则。他逻辑上首先提出并论证了事实与原则关系的"非敏于事实"命题,即为了反映事实,那些反映事实的原则必须反映那些不反映事实的原则;然后以此命题为基础具体指证了罗尔斯正义建构主义中存在的两个混淆:把社会管理规则等同于基本原则,把服务于正义价值的原则等同于服务于其他价值的原则;最后得出结论认为正是这两个混淆导致了罗尔斯把最优的社会管理规则当作了正义的基本原则。为此,介绍了英语世界中几位有代表性的学者对柯亨这一批判的评论。     

Conceptualizing Household Distribution of Labor from Feminist Theory: Why Power Matters in Psychotherapy

ABSTRACT

This article reviews existing literature on unequal distributions of household labor among heterosexual dual-earner marriages in the United States. Specifically, this article summarizes the literature linking women’s continued performance of the majority of household labor to decreased well-being and overall functioning and situates this problem in the context of psychotherapy. Feminist theory is used to conceptualize this topic by exploring the role of equality in women’s relationships with their spouses. This article suggests that although women and men are likely to agree with the basic tenets of equality, few individuals attain this ideal in psychotherapy due to gender-based assumptions that continue to influence the perceptions and behaviors of all people (e.g., clients and psychotherapists alike). Implications for clinical practice and research are discussed.     

沈家本的人格平等观及其在清末修律中的尴尬

沈家本是清朝廷中少有的具有一定西方近现代资产阶级法律理念的法学家,他强调尊重人格,主张平等,并以此为原则对清朝的法律实行改造。这种具有近现代资产阶级性质的法律理念,在清末修律中遭到了以劳乃宣为首的保守派的疯狂攻击,使其在修律中遭遇了理念和实践的双重尴尬。     

平等与责任的三种范式及其理论困境

"分配如何才能平等"是当今政治哲学的核心话语.在这方面,罗尔斯、德沃金与柯恩都赞成一种"敏于志向钝于禀赋"的分配方式,也就是说,分配要反映个人的志趣抱负,要保证个人的选择自由并由个人对其选择负责.针对如何将"平等与责任"联系起来,罗尔斯、德沃金、柯恩三人观点各异,形成了关于平等与责任的三种范式.