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91.
For the general multivariate exponential family of distributions it is shown that Rao's test criterion based on efficient scores is algebraically identical to the general chi-squared criterion based on maximum likelihood estimates and, similarly, that the Wald statistic is algebraically identical to the general minimum modified chi-squared statistic using linearization; these results are valid also for the multisample versions. Thus, these are extensions to the general exponential family of the findings due to Silvey (1970) and Bhapkar (1966), respectively, for the special case of the multinomial family.It is also shown that the general forms of the chi-squared and modified chi-squared criteria reduce to their respective well-known forms for the multivariate symmetric power series distribution. This finding is, thus, an extension of results noted by Ferguson (1958) and Clickner (1976) for the special case of the multinomial distribution. 相似文献
92.
周长洪 《南京人口管理干部学院学报》2003,19(1):30-33
基层人口与计划生育工作管理方法和管理机制的改革创新势在必行。应以我国《人口与计划生育法》以及地方法规为指导,改革基层已不合时宜的管理办法,以政策管理代替计划管理,以基本的生育政策引导和规范人们的生育行为。努力探索建立与社会主义市场经济相适应的人口与计划生育管理机制,建立包括村(居)民自治与行政管理相结合为特征的管理体制,建立依法管理、政策推动、"费随事转"、项目带动、部门配合、综合治理为特点的工作机制,建立资源整合、资源共享、方便群众、优质服务为特征的技术服务阵地和利益导向与社会保障制度完善,领导重视、队伍健全、投入到位为特征的综合保障体系。 相似文献
93.
《Journal of Family Social Work》2013,16(1):65-82
ABSTRACT Family services and intervention for persons with mental illness is crucial in mental health services. In this paper, the writer attempts to describe family intervention and services for persons with mental illness in the People's Republic of China. Family intervention and services like home-based care, guardianship network, family counseling, and psychoeducational programs are only preliminarily developed. Their effectiveness and challenges in future development are discussed. 相似文献
94.
自愿不育的人口社会学视角 总被引:1,自引:0,他引:1
文章通过对目前人口形势和不育群体现状的分析 ,从人口学和社会学的角度对不育文化作了论述 ,最后分析了几个值得深入探讨的社会问题 相似文献
95.
全国流动人口计划生育管理研究 总被引:14,自引:5,他引:9
本文根据全国及部分地方有关流动人口计划生育的调查和相关的现有资料 ,分析了中国流动人口的规模、影响人口流动的因素、流动人口的特点和计划生育工作存在的问题 ,并提出了今后加强流动人口计划生育工作的对策和建议。 相似文献
96.
实现计划生育工作思路和工作机制、运作方式的“两个转变” ,是我国计划生育的一项战略决策。本文论述了计生工作者应如何树立科学的思想观点 ,正确理解和推进“两个转变” 相似文献
97.
Schools are an important community resource that can foster social connections and enhance the health and wellbeing of children and families in Germany through information, health promotion and interventions. While developing social connections between the school and vulnerable families—those who are most limited in their access to other sources of information, education and intervention—is complex and challenging, it is nonetheless critical. This paper reports on the role of Families and Schools Together (F&ST), a school-based intervention aimed at vulnerable families, in building and promoting the social connections, or social capital, that strengthen families and communities. Thematic analysis of semi-structured interviews revealed that programme participants perceived an increase in their social capital in all three of its dimensions (bonding, bridging and linking). The paper highlights the importance of social capital in building stronger, more resilient families and of strengthening relations between parents and schools, and contributes to the sharing of experience and views on matters concerning families in Germany. 相似文献
98.
This article aims to investigate parental influence on high-risk behavior by young people. Although research on the topic of perception of risk demonstrates that it is socially constructed, the role of the family in this construction has rarely been studied. Using a French national survey of more than 1,200 young drivers between the ages of 18 and 25, and their parents, we attempt to understand the transmission of risk within families. Our econometric study shows that parents influence both the practices and representations of their children. When parental norms and values are transmitted, they are by no means accepted in a wholly passive way. Indeed, the parental model is in competition with other models that originate from both inside the family (brothers and sisters) and outside it (instructors). Furthermore, parental influence decreases over time as young people become more experienced drivers and construct their own identity with regard to risk. 相似文献
99.
Bringing together women and family in quality perspective bring about interesting discussions in this paper. By integrating
previous studies and considering expert opinions, we determinate the variables and dimensions with respect to women’s existence
regarding their roles both in the family and at work. Many activities carried out by women represent the consumer aspects
of their role. Women undertake these activities to fulfill their needs, which can be classified in the order of preference
using Maslow’s Hierarchy of Need. Women success can be measured based on their ability to perform their roles successfully.
We identify women’s performance by using quality approach of Personal Quality Maintenance (PQM), which is widely applied in
many organizations in order to maintain the service delivery, which meets the customer satisfaction. The effort to enhance
women’s satisfaction for their success in playing the multirole in the family and at work is our main consideration. This
study may contribute a new point of view regarding for the women’s welfare and existence. 相似文献
100.
Socio-demographic Differences in Self-reported Psychological Distress Among 25- to 64-Year-Old Finns 总被引:1,自引:0,他引:1
Kirsi Talala Taina Huurre Hillevi Aro Tuija Martelin Ritva Prättälä 《Social indicators research》2008,86(2):323-335
Background Mental health problems are a major public health issue worldwide. The aim of this study was to assess the relative importance
of socio-demographic characteristics associated with different domains of psychological distress in Finland. Methods Data source was a nationwide survey “Health Behaviour and Health among the Finnish Adult Population” (AVTK), from years 2002
to 2003 (N = 5425; response rate 66%). Psychological distress was measured by self-reported questions of general mental health (MHI-5),
depression, insomnia and stress. Socio-demographic factors included education, employment status, partnership and children
living in the household. Main analyses were conducted by multivariate logistic regression. Results Education, employment and partnership were associated with most of the psychological distress outcomes. Respondents with a
lower educational level had poor mental health in both genders but less insomnia and stress in men. Those with an intermediate
education had the least stress in women. The unemployed and retired were at a higher risk for poor mental health and depression.
Moreover, employment status was associated with insomnia and stress in men. Respondents not having a partner showed a higher
risk of psychological distress according to all measures. Not having children living in the household was associated with
insomnia in women and with less stress in men. Conclusions Socio-demographic factors, such as having a partner and employment status, are associated with several measures of psychological
distress indicating the importance of social and economic factors to psychological well-being. The association of education
and of having children living at home varies by the domain of psychological distress measure. 相似文献