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61.
《Journal of Statistical Computation and Simulation》2012,82(18):3502-3528
ABSTRACTIn biomedical and epidemiological studies, gene–environment (G–E) interactions have been shown to importantly contribute to the etiology and progression of many complex diseases. Most existing approaches for identifying G–E interactions are limited by the lack of robustness against outliers/contaminations in response and predictor spaces. In this study, we develop a novel robust G–E identification approach using the trimmed regression technique under joint modelling. A robust data-driven criterion and stability selection are adopted to determine the trimmed subset which is free from both vertical outliers and leverage points. An effective penalization approach is developed to identify important G–E interactions, respecting the ‘main effects, interactions’ hierarchical structure. Extensive simulations demonstrate the better performance of the proposed approach compared to multiple alternatives. Interesting findings with superior prediction accuracy and stability are observed in the analysis of The Cancer Genome Atlas data on cutaneous melanoma and breast invasive carcinoma. 相似文献
62.
《随机性模型》2013,29(2):173-191
Abstract We propose a new approximation formula for the waiting time tail probability of the M/G/1 queue with FIFO discipline and unlimited waiting space. The aim is to address the difficulty of obtaining good estimates when the tail probability has non-exponential asymptotics. We show that the waiting time tail probability can be expressed in terms of the waiting time tail probability of a notional M/G/1 queue with truncated service time distribution plus the tail probability of an extreme order statistic. The Cramér–Lundberg approximation is applied to approximate the tail probability of the notional queue. In essence, our technique extends the applicability of the Cramér–Lundberg approximation to cases where the standard Lundberg condition does not hold. We propose a simple moment-based technique for estimating the parameters of the approximation; numerical results demonstrate that our approximation can yield very good estimates over the whole range of the argument. 相似文献
63.
在信息技术全球化的时代,互联网给旅游业带来了革命性的变化与发展,在线旅游随之蓬勃发展,深刻影响并改变着旅游消费者的决策行为和购买行为。如今随着3G技术的发展,带来了旅游无线互联网的时代,对旅游者消费行为产生更为巨大和积极的影响。 相似文献
64.
The evaluation of new processor designs is an important issue in electrical and computer engineering. Architects use simulations to evaluate designs and to understand trade‐offs and interactions among design parameters. However, due to the lengthy simulation time and limited resources, it is often practically impossible to simulate a full factorial design space. Effective sampling methods and predictive models are required. In this paper, the authors propose an automated performance predictive approach which employs an adaptive sampling scheme that interactively works with the predictive model to select samples for simulation. These samples are then used to build Bayesian additive regression trees, which in turn are used to predict the whole design space. Both real data analysis and simulation studies show that the method is effective in that, though sampling at very few design points, it generates highly accurate predictions on the unsampled points. Furthermore, the proposed model provides quantitative interpretation tools with which investigators can efficiently tune design parameters in order to improve processor performance. The Canadian Journal of Statistics 38: 136–152; 2010 © 2010 Statistical Society of Canada 相似文献
65.
G.J.S. Ross 《Statistics》2013,47(3):445-453
This is the first application of a new method for testing stationary random point processes. Consider the class of all stationary ergodic point processes on the real line with arbitrary dependences among the inter–point distances (spacing).The hypothesis is :The observed process φ is a homogeneous Poisson process or more (resp.less) regular than a Poisson process.The sample is the vector of the first n points t1, …,tn.There is a close relation between our method for testing and queueing theory: For finding an appropriate test statistic, we observe the behaviour of a single server queue with the input φ.A table of critical values is given. 相似文献
66.
怪诞既是君特·格拉斯小说的一大艺术特色,也令其晦涩难懂。文章以格拉斯的几部代表作为例,对格拉斯小说中怪诞的体现形式进行分析梳理,并对其作用和意义进行归纳总结,以探寻格拉斯的创作理念和美学思想。 相似文献
67.
人类已经进入"第五媒体时代".继报纸、广播、电视、互联网之后的第五媒体抑或是手机媒体.具有媒介粘滞、瞬时精准、病毒式营销等无与伦比的传播特性.第五媒体是柄"双刃剑",它在给政府公共关系带来前所未有的挑战的同时,也带来了前所未有的机遇.利用第五媒体开拓政府公共关系的新视野,是一个政治、社会问题,也是一个技术、法律问题. 相似文献
68.
Confidence intervals for parameters that can be arbitrarily close to being unidentified are unbounded with positive probability [e.g. Dufour, J.-M., 1997. Some impossibility theorems in econometrics with applications to instrumental variables and dynamic models. Econometrica 65, 1365–1388; Pfanzagl, J. 1998. The nonexistence of confidence sets for discontinuous functionals. Journal of Statistical Planning and Inference 75, 9–20], and the asymptotic risks of their estimators are unbounded [Pötscher, B.M., 2002. Lower risk bounds and properties of confidence sets for ill-posed estimation problems with applications to spectral density and persistence estimation, unit roots, and estimation of long memory parameters. Econometrica 70, 1035–1065]. We extend these “impossibility results” and show that all tests of size α concerning parameters that can be arbitrarily close to being unidentified have power that can be as small as α for any sample size even if the null and the alternative hypotheses are not adjacent. The results are proved for a very general framework that contains commonly used models. 相似文献
69.
Vittorio Addona Masoud Asgharian David B. Wolfson 《Revue canadienne de statistique》2009,37(2):206-218
For many diseases, logistic constraints render large incidence studies difficult to carry out. This becomes a drawback, particularly when a new study is needed each time the incidence rate is investigated in a new population. By carrying out a prevalent cohort study with follow‐up it is possible to estimate the incidence rate if it is constant. The authors derive the maximum likelihood estimator (MLE) of the overall incidence rate, λ, as well as age‐specific incidence rates, by exploiting the epidemiologic relationship, (prevalence odds) = (incidence rate) × (mean duration) (P/[1 ? P] = λ × µ). The authors establish the asymptotic distributions of the MLEs and provide approximate confidence intervals for the parameters. Moreover, the MLE of λ is asymptotically most efficient and is the natural estimator obtained by substituting the marginal maximum likelihood estimators for P and µ into P/[1 ? P] = λ × µ. Following‐up the subjects allows the authors to develop these widely applicable procedures. The authors apply their methods to data collected as part of the Canadian Study of Health and Ageing to estimate the incidence rate of dementia amongst elderly Canadians. The Canadian Journal of Statistics © 2009 Statistical Society of Canada 相似文献
70.
Xiao Wang 《Revue canadienne de statistique》2009,37(1):102-118
The author considers estimation under a Gamma process model for degradation data. The setting for degradation data is one in which n independent units, each with a Gamma process with a common shape function and scale parameter, are observed at several possibly different times. Covariates can be incorporated into the model by taking the scale parameter as a function of the covariates. The author proposes using the maximum pseudo‐likelihood method to estimate the unknown parameters. The method requires usage of the Pool Adjacent Violators Algorithm. Asymptotic properties, including consistency, convergence rate and asymptotic distribution, are established. Simulation studies are conducted to validate the method and its application is illustrated by using bridge beams data and carbon‐film resistors data. The Canadian Journal of Statistics 37: 102‐118; 2009 © 2009 Statistical Society of Canada 相似文献