1928-1938年德国军事顾问团与中国国防工业建设

德国驻华军事顾问团积极促进中德经贸关系,为德国谋取经济利益.他们积极引进德国资本与技术,帮助中国发展国防工业,从而为德国工业品开拓了一个庞大的市场.而对中国而言,这种同德国的密切的经贸关系,对中国的经济发展、国防实力的加强、从而对中国的抗战都带来了积极的影响.     

德国中世纪骑士文学

文章扼要述评了德国中世纪骑士文学的兴衰,通过具体例子介绍了德国骑士文学的三种主要体裁：英雄史诗、骑士传奇和宫廷情歌,并对这些作品的思想内容和艺术风格进行了探讨。     

德国跨国公司的海外经营战略

德国跨国公司的海外扩张经营战略值得我国企业借鉴.德国海外投资集中化程度较高,表现在大型企业在机械、电子、汽车和化学领域的巨额投资,以及服务业海外投资的快速增长.除对欧美发达国家投资外,德国在拉丁美洲、亚洲和东欧的部分国家也注重长期投资,并具有技术对流、跨国并购及混合经营等方面的经济战略特色.     

德语同位语从句探析

目前国内外德语语法书都鲜见"同位语从句"这一概念,为了将德语同位语从句归置到其应有的位置上,文章对德语中同位语从句这一语法现象从语言形式和逻辑上进行了探讨,并将同位语从句与一些与其貌似但实际神离的从句进行了对比分析.     

Taking social policy personally: How does neuroticism affect welfare state attitudes?

The role of the “Big Five” personality traits in driving welfare state attitudes has received scant attention in social policy research. Yet neuroticism in particular—a disposition to stress, worry, and get nervous easily—is theoretically likely to be an important driver of welfare attitudes precisely because welfare states deliver social “security” and “safety” nets. Using cross-sectional data from the German Socio-Economic Panel, we study three distinct attitude types (dissatisfaction with the social security system, feelings of personal financial insecurity, and preferences for state provision) and multiple social need contexts (including unemployment, ill health, old age, and nursing care). Controlling for established explanations such as self-interest, partisanship, and socialization, neuroticism does not systematically affect support for state provision. But it robustly increases general dissatisfaction with social security, as well as financial insecurity across various need contexts. Neurotic people are thus less happy with welfare state programmes across the board, yet they also appear to need these programmes more. This trait may be an important deeper layer driving other social attitudes.     

有效提升青年党建工作的三维透视——基于恩格斯对德国社会民主党“青年派”的批判

新时代做好青年工作、代表青年、赢得青年，是我们党面临的重大历史课题，也是党建工作的重要内容。恩格斯晚年针对德国社会民主党“青年派”教条地对待马克思主义，践踏党内政治生活准则，将暴力斗争绝对化的错误观点，强调要以唯物史观作为指导方法，积极开展批评与自我批评，将合法斗争与暴力斗争相结合。深刻理解恩格斯对德国社会民主党“青年派”的批判，对新时代做好青年党建工作具有重要启示意义。必须要注重理论引导，培育青年活学活用马克思主义；加强党组织自身建设，切实做好青年的引导工作；利用现代化技术和手段凝聚青年，增强党组织的号召力。      

惊骇之音——评德国作家克里斯托夫.海因的中篇小说《陌生朋友》

在现代社会中,异化成了一种普遍现象,成了绝大多数人的命运。德国作家克里斯托夫·海因正是以此为题材创作了著名的中篇小说《陌生朋友》。本文在阐述作家独到创作手法的同时,通过对作品中女主人公的一系列思想活动及其摄影爱好的分析,揭示了现代社会对人个性的压抑以及人们在冷漠的世界中对人间温情的渴望。     

Self‐presentation in sociolinguistic interviews: Identities and language variation in Panambi, Brazil

This paper contributes to recent work examining the role of identity, and in particular the uses of language for self‐presentation and the expression of individual identity, through the analysis of two sociolinguistic interviews from a community of German origin in southern Brazil. Drawing from a quantitative study of variation in the southern state of Rio Grande do Sul, we conducted a detailed analysis of the interviews of two women of different ages and social backgrounds. We first describe the social, cultural and historical context of the interviews, and then discuss how our two speakers use their linguistic resources to express varied, and at times conflicting, aspects of their identities. More specifically, we show how our participants seem to maintain certain in‐group, German‐linked features, yet also use out‐group or Brazilian features in order to index both the (local) German and (regional) Brazilian aspects of their identities. Our data and analysis highlight how participants' identity and language use patterns can be better understood through close analysis of the content of their discourse.     

Marginality and its directions

The concept of marginality articulated by Robert Park in Migration and the Marginal Man is reconstructed in order to yield a more complex general theory of marginality. Park believed marginality results when individuals in migrant groups are barred by prejudice from complete acceptance into a dominant culture. Here it is argued that the marginal person, having taken on elements of the dominant culture, also is unable to return unchanged to his or her original group. Thus, the marginal person is caught in a structure of double ambivalence: unable either to leave or to return to the original group; unable either to merge with the new group or to slough it off. Marginal persons typically react to this field of cross-cutting pressures in four directions, here termed assimilation, return, poise, and transcendence. German Jewry of the Wilhelmine era serves as a test case of the general theory of marginality. Application of the theory resolves some of the salient difficulties attending efforts to understand postemancipation German Jewry.     

‘We Don’t Need Another Hero’

The collapse of the Berlin Wall is usually associated with images of progress, with falling autocrats and rising liberties. But things are not quite as straightforward if scrutinized from the vantage-point of women. Despite their unusually active participation in the mass protests of 1989, women in the eastern part of Germany suffered a series of setbacks in the subsequent unification process, most notably in the realms of reproductive rights, employment opportunities and access to affordable day-care. This article engages contending feminist approaches in East and West Germany in an attempt to highlight the controversial but central role the concept of patriarchy occupies in understanding the gendered effects of unification. To recognize the significance of patriarchal domination is not to deny that some forms of dissent - and even emancipatory transformation - have taken place. It does, however, necessitate an understanding of gender-related domination and resistance that focuses not only on heroic revolutionary events and on political, legal and institutional features, but also, and perhaps even primarily, on relatively mundane daily struggles that take place over values and societal expectations.