终身教育对传统教育的冲击及其超越

终身教育是一个人一生所接受的培养的总和,体现了教育终生化和学习的生活化、社会化.它的产生和发展对落后于时代的传统教育的目标、地位、课程及教学等方面形成了冲击.与传统教育相比,终身教育是一种整合性的教育,是一种体现个性和培养完人的教育,它形成了新的学习观并实现了教育价值判断标准的多元化,体现出对传统教育的超越.     

2002年SCI收录中国农业大学论文统计与分析

文章通过对以中国农业大学为通讯作者被SCI扩展版收录的论文进行统计分析表明,2002年中国农业大学被SCI所收录的科研论文数量有较大幅度增长,但论文整体质量还有待于进一步提高;生物学院不论是在论文的数量还是质量上都有着明显的优势。建议学校有关方面在重视提高SCI收录论文数量的同时,还应注意提高论文质量。     

论宗教文化对古代东方文学的影响——东方文学比较研究之一

由于历史和地域的原因,东方一些国家的人民笃信宗教,具有浓厚的宗教感情,因而这些国家的文学受宗教文化影响较深,主要表现为原始宗教、印度宗教、犹太教和伊斯兰教等对文学的影响,这是古代东方文学的一大特点。这种影响有一个演化过程,我们应用历史发展的眼光来看待这种宗教文化对东方文学的影响。     

徐志摩与罗素的交游及其所受影响

徐志摩1920年离美赴英求学的真正原因不是为师从罗素,而是想追随政治学家拉斯基.徐志摩最终没能够拜罗素为师,也不是因为罗素为了反战和离婚已经被剑桥大学"除名".罗素1921年是主动辞职离开剑桥,与反战和离婚无关.徐志摩于1920年10月与罗素建立联系,当时伦敦英国华人协会、剑桥邪学社分别邀请罗素夫妇发表演讲,徐志摩都是积极的参与者;由于徐志摩的穿针引线,梁启超的英文著作得以纳入由罗素担任学术顾问的"心理学、哲学与科学方法国际文库".徐志摩还著文研究了罗素的政治观、中国观,以及儿童教育思想,这些文章反映了徐志摩对罗素思想的认识及所受影响.     

试论地理环境对古代壮族社会发展的影响

地理环境对社会发展起着重要的作用,尤其是在人类利用自然条件技术和手段相对有限的古代。壮族生存的地理环境并不优越,自然条件相对恶劣,特别是在瘴气广泛分布的古代,在缺乏有效防治手段的情况下,对瘴气的认识更是成为对壮族地区的地域和族群歧视。地理环境对壮族古代社会发展产生了重要的影响,集中表现在经济、政治制度以及文化等方面。     

Great Expectatrics: Great Papers,Great Journals,Great Econometrics

The article discusses alternative Research Assessment Measures (RAM), with an emphasis on the Thomson Reuters ISI Web of Science database (hereafter ISI). Some analysis and comparisons are also made with data from the SciVerse Scopus database. The various RAM that are calculated annually or updated daily are defined and analyzed, including the classic 2-year impact factor (2YIF), 2YIF without journal self-citations (2YIF*), 5-year impact factor (5YIF), Immediacy (or zero-year impact factor (0YIF)), Impact Factor Inflation (IFI), Self-citation Threshold Approval Rating (STAR), Eigenfactor score, Article Influence, C3PO (Citation Performance Per Paper Online), h-index, Zinfluence, and PI-BETA (Papers Ignored – By Even The Authors). The RAM are analyzed for 10 leading econometrics journals and 4 leading statistics journals. The application to econometrics can be used as a template for other areas in economics, for other scientific disciplines, and as a benchmark for newer journals in a range of disciplines. In addition to evaluating high quality research in leading econometrics journals, the paper also compares econometrics and statistics, alternative RAM, highlights the similarities and differences of the alternative RAM, finds that several RAM capture similar performance characteristics for the leading econometrics and statistics journals, while the new PI-BETA criterion is not highly correlated with any of the other RAM, and hence conveys additional information regarding RAM, highlights major research areas in leading journals in econometrics, and discusses some likely future uses of RAM, and shows that the harmonic mean of 13 RAM provides more robust journal rankings than relying solely on 2YIF.     

Collective Impact: A Review of the Peer-reviewed Research

ABSTRACT

Collective Impact (CI) is a framework for collaborative social change that has gained considerable attention over the past seven years. In this article we review the peer-reviewed academic research on the CI framework to understand what is known about its use. Nineteen articles were located. We identified four themes in the research: A need to adapt CI to the specific context, its technical nature, the importance of relationships, and concerns about power and equity. The literature on the CI framework is in its infancy and as such tends to focus on capacity building or model development. Whilst CI promotes important discussion about collaboration and social change, issues of power, equity and grass-roots engagement require further attention.

IMPLICATIONS

• Peer reviewed academic research on the application of CI is at an early stage and further research is needed.

• Social workers should carefully consider critiques of CI before adopting this framework for social change.

     

People,Pipelines, and Probabilities: Clarifying Significance and Uncertainty in Environmental Impact Assessments

Determinations of significance play a pivotal role in environmental impact assessments because they point decision makers to the predicted effects of an action most deserving of attention and further study. Impact predictions are always subject to uncertainty because they rely on estimates of future consequences. Yet uncertainty is often neglected or treated in a perfunctory manner as part of the characterization, evaluation, and communication of anticipated consequences and their significance. Proposals to construct fossil fuel pipelines in North America provide a highly visible example; casual treatment of how uncertainty affects significance determinations has resulted in poorly informed stakeholders, frustrated industry proponents, and inconsistent choices on the part of public decision makers. Using environmental assessments for recent pipeline proposals as examples, we highlight five ways in which uncertainty is often neglected when determining impact significance and suggest that a mix of known methods, new guidelines, and appropriate oversight could greatly improve current practices.     

Evaluation of Embedded Intelligent Real‐time Systems*

Over the past two decades, questions have surfaced about the effectiveness and contribution of intelligent systems to decision makers in a variety of settings. This paper focuses on the evaluation challenges associated with intelligent real‐time software systems that are embedded in larger host systems. With the proliferation of such systems in operational settings such as aerospace, medical, manufacturing, and transportation systems, increased attention to evaluations of such systems, and to resulting software safety, is warranted. This paper describes one such evaluation and proposes a set of evaluation criteria for embedded intelligent real‐time systems (EIRTS). Implications of the evaluation and the evaluation criteria are discussed.     

危机事件社会影响的评估和应对

随着我国经济社会的发展,危机事件社会影响的评估与应对越来越重要.危机事件的社会影响大小与事件属性和环境属性有关.事件属性包括人员伤亡与潜在受影响人数;环境属性包括事件结束后时长、媒体报道强度和类似事件发生频率.为降低危机事件的负面社会影响,需要建立整合的危机事件危机信息发布模式,并建立由政府、非政府组织、社区、家庭、公众等各社会成员共同分担责任的多主体社会救助网络体系,寻求全社会的广泛参与.