社会史论战的先声——《新生命》杂志对中国社会结构的探讨

20世纪20年代末30年代初,《新生命》杂志作者群体围绕着中国社会结构进行过一场讨论,可以视之为其后中国社会史论战的先导。这次讨论最大的特点,是关注中国社会及其社会史的特殊性,而不是共同性;所用的方法是社会学的方法,包括马克思主义的社会学。在探讨中国社会结构问题时,《新生命》杂志是一份既非反对唯物史观,也不是完全意义上坚持唯物史观的刊物。     

More (new) products,more problems? A systems perspective on increased capability deployment and organizational errors

The capabilities-based view postulates that organizational capabilities are a key driver of competitive advantage. However, while increasing the pace of deploying organizational capabilities, such as new product development (NPD), may enable alignment with changing environments, it may also have unintended consequences. In this study, we advance theory on these unintended consequences by investigating how the increased deployment of NPD capability leads to organizational errors. Borrowing from organizational research employing systems theory, we argue that an increase in NPD deployment may increase the likelihood of routine discoordination and, thus, the incidence of intra-firm and interfirm errors. However, we also proffer that firms can mitigate errors from increases in NPD capability deployment by engaging in distinct internal and external activities that enable the accumulation of knowledge on how to coordinate systemic change. We distinguish between internal and external errors, demonstrating that in the context of increased NPD deployments, internal voluntary investigations ameliorate internal manufacturing errors, while supplier alliances mitigate outsourced component errors. We find support for our predictions using data from new product introductions and recalls in the U.S. automotive industry. This study sheds light on the tension inherent to accelerating the deployment of patterned organizational activities and suggests that the outcomes of deploying an organizational capability are best viewed holistically within the milieu of organizational systems the capability spans.     

新中国成立初期干部理论教育制度化建设及经验探析

中国共产党重视干部理论教育,也注重干部理论教育的制度化建设。1949—1956年中国共产党既继承过去干部理论教育制度化建设的做法,又根据新形势、新情况进一步加强干部理论教育建设,完善干部理论教育制度。不断规范干部理论教育的组织体系、教育内容、教育方式、师资培养和考核等,使干部理论教育制度建设不断科学化、规范化,干部的素质和能力得到了较大的提高,为新生政权的巩固和发展起到了重要的作用。这一时期的干部理论教育制度化建设也形成了诸多基本经验,对新时代干部理论教育制度化建设有重要的启示作用。     

农村产业融合发展对新型城镇化的影响--基于省际面板数据

本文厘清了农村产业融合发展影响新型城镇化的内在机制,并基于2007—2018年我国省际面板数据,运用空间计量模型进行实证检验。研究发现:(1)我国新型城镇化水平存在显著的正向空间相关性;(2)全国层面,农村产业融合发展对新型城镇化水平的提升产生显著的正向影响,且具有显著的正向空间溢出效应;(3)区域层面,东部、中部、西部农村产业融合发展对新型城镇化的直接和间接效应均显著为正,中部直接效应最大,东部间接效应最大。据此,本文提出健全金融支撑农村产业融合发展的体系、强化人才支撑农村产业融合发展的能力、推动农村产业融合多元化发展和加强区域间产业协调发展等建议。     

要素禀赋、农户分化与农业价值链技术选择偏向

基于551份猕猴桃种植户调研数据,通过聚类分析方法将猕猴桃种植户分成发展型、规模种植型、劳动力富裕型三类,实证检验种植户类型对有机肥施用、新品种采纳、猕猴桃网络销售三个价值链技术活动选择的异质偏向性,分析农机补贴、产业组织检测、技术培训三个组织支持变量的调节效应。结果发现：发展型对于三个价值链技术活动及其联合采纳的选择偏向性高于其他类型,劳动力富裕型种植户对价值链技术活动的选择偏向性低于其他两个类型种植户。三个组织支持变量对同一类型种植户参与不同价值链技术活动以及不同类型种植户参与同一价值链技术活动的影响具有异质性。因此,针对不同类型价值链技术活动参与特征以及组织支持调节作用提出相应的政策建议。     

新发展格局、共同富裕与乡村产业振兴

基于对构建新发展格局、促进共同富裕的理论分析,提出要更加重视促进农民农村共同富裕。在此视角下,审视了当前乡村产业发展中的问题,提出要以促进农民农村共同富裕为导向,促进乡村产业高质量发展,并采取以下战略思路和对策选择:高度重视农业在经济发展和乡村振兴中的功能作用,采取有效措施促进农业农村经济多元化综合化融合化发展;引导不同类型产业组织公平竞争、优势互补,注意推进乡村产业适地适度发展和因地制宜、精准施策;强化乡村产业发展的底线思维,推动乡村产业发展更好地带动农民共同富裕。     

推进乡村振兴促进共同富裕的科学指南——学习领会习近平总书记关于共同富裕的重要论述

实现共同富裕是马克思主义的一个基本目标,也是中国共产党使命和初心的重要体现。党的十八大以来,习近平总书记坚持继承和发展中国共产党人的共同富裕观,并结合中国传统文化理念,针对共同富裕提出了一系列具有创新性的重要论述。这些论述阐述了新时代共同富裕的战略定位,丰富并拓展了共同富裕的理论内涵,开辟了新时代共同富裕的实现路径,积极回应中国特色社会主义新时代面临的重要理论和实践议题,不断推进马克思主义共同富裕理论的中国化、时代化。当前,“推动共同富裕取得更为明显的实质性进展”成为国家发展的主要议程,学习习近平总书记关于共同富裕的重要论述,能够为进一步巩固拓展脱贫攻坚成果、全面推进乡村振兴提供目标和方向,为扎实推进共同富裕、实现中华民族伟大复兴提供强大的精神动力和科学实践指引。     

Differences in white-nonwhite community mental health center service utilization patterns

Routinely collected computerized data were used to study the process of service delivery in terms of admission patterns, type and quantity of services rendered, and status at termination for whites and nonwhites in two community mental health centers. Social area analysis techniques were employed to control for socio-economic status, ethnicity and life style variables, and an epidemiologic model was used to analyze admission and service delivery rate differences. It was found that nonwhite admission rates were at least twice as great as white rates. Service delivery rates to the population at large were considerably greater for nonwhites than for whites. Delivery of direct services within the centers differed for whites and nonwhites, but no consistent trends emerged when types and amounts of services rendered were analyzed, controlling for sex, ethnicity, age, diagnosis and social area. Disruption of care indices were greater for nonwhites than for whites. Highlighted were some of the complexities involved in interpreting results of utilization studies.     

Network analysis in evaluation: some words of caution

Network analysis, a methodology derived from general systems' theory, can be utilized as a community mental health administrative-evaluation procedure. Evaluation parameters derived from analysis of patient data as they “flow” through a network of agency services, provide measures of systemic functioning. These parameters include “longest paths” and various ratio relationships as evaluation measures of service delivery. The limitations of network analysis are examined by means of conceptual analyses, and phenomena that emerged from research experience. The necessity for both quantitative and qualitative data to ensure a meaningful evaluation of mental health services is explained. Conclusions about the value of the network analysis approach are considered.     

Task partitioning in new product development teams: A knowledge and learning perspective

R&D alliances and outsourcing elements of the new product development process are now commonplace practices among many firms. However, little previous work has examined how these organizational choices influence project knowledge and learning. Based on a comparison of three new product development projects in the software industry, this paper examines how task partitioning in the project influences learning and knowledge development within the firm. The paper suggests that internal development projects encourage synthetic learning and development of architectural and tacit knowledge; in contrast, outsourcing and joint ventures encourage analytic learning and development of component and explicit knowledge.