Group Benefit and Protection of Pediatric Research Subjects: Grimes v. Kennedy Krieger and the Lead Abatement Study

The Maryland Court of Appeals in Grimes v. Kennedy Krieger Institute was sharply critical of the lead abatement study conducted by this Institute, an affiliate of Johns Hopkins University. Grimes ruled that investigators might, given the facts of the case, have a special relationship with subjects, thereby creating a duty of care that could, if breached, give rise to an action in negligence. This ruling has implications for pediatric research practices and long-standing disputes among informed people of good will about what pediatric studies should be permitted.     

Perception and Communication of Flood Risks: A Systematic Review of Empirical Research

Flood hazards are the most common and destructive of all natural disasters. For decades, experts have been examining how flood losses can be mitigated. Just as in other risk domains, the study of risk perception and risk communication has gained increasing interest in flood risk management. Because of this research growth, a review of the state of the art in this domain is believed necessary. The review comprises 57 empirically based peer‐reviewed articles on flood risk perception and communication from the Web of Science and Scopus databases. The characteristics of these articles are listed in a comprehensive table, presenting research design, research variables, and key findings. From this review, it follows that the majority of studies are of exploratory nature and have not applied any of the theoretical frameworks that are available in social science research. Consequently, a methodological standardization in measuring and analyzing people's flood risk perceptions and their adaptive behaviors is hardly present. This heterogeneity leads to difficulties in comparing results among studies. It is also shown that theoretical and empirical studies on flood risk communication are nearly nonexistent. The article concludes with a summary on methodological issues in the fields of flood‐risk perception and flood‐risk communication and proposes an agenda for future research.     

Computer Assisted Life Review

Abstract

A positive life review process is crucial to the resolution of the last of Ericson's developmental life crises, ego-integrity vs. despair. This paper describes and discusses: (1) the importance of the life review process and life review therapy; (2) the nature of idea processors, a type of computer software; and (3) ways that idea processors can be useful in facilitating a therapeutic life review process for elderly individuals.     

Guest Editorial Production Planning and Control in other Industries

This paper provides an excursion into various scheduling problems arising in the manufacturing environment and possible approaches that can be taken to solve them. It reviews the research in production scheduling from the perspective of designing and operating a production system and examines the research strategies adopted to find the solution of the practical problems. This review is in the form of the paradigms that evolved during the twentieth century and shows the transition in theory and practice of each paradigm. It covers the fundamental frameworks of scheduling theory, outlining various approaches that can be taken to solve (optimally or approximately) such problems, and the difficulties arising in their practical use. Subsequently, an iterative scheduling process is suggested as an extension of existing paradigms to solve practical production scheduling problems and to bridge the gap between theory and practice in production scheduling and control.     

曾子研究综述

曾子是孔子晚年最杰出的弟子之一，他既是孔子学说的主要传播者，又是思孟学派的开启者，在儒家文化中处于承上启下的地位。学术界对曾子的研究主要集中在家世、生平、著作、孝道思想、学派等方面，随着郭店楚简、上博简的出土及相关研究成果的出现，对曾子的研究的深度和广度进行了进一步拓展。     

程序正义理念下的死刑复核问题探析

受我国传统刑事诉讼价值取向的影响,现行死刑复核程序在实践运行中一直存在着很多问题,大大影响到死刑复核程序功能的实现。死刑核准权统一收归最高人民法院行使,既让我们在死刑复核问题上看到了希望,又给我们提出了新的研究课题。虽然近期最高人民法院及相关部门颁布了一系列指导死刑复核程序运作的相关规定,但从实际操作效果来看,仍有一些问题需要进一步明确。     

改革开放以来我国慈善经济发展中存在的问题及反思

慈善捐赠是一个社会文明程度的重要标志。新中国成立以来,特别是近十多年来,我国慈善经济的发展取得了巨大成就。但总体看来,我国目前慈善捐赠状况不尽人意,仍存在种种问题。文章通过简单的建模和计量分析,对我国慈善经济与经济发展之间的相互关系进行了反思。     

明清回族进士考略(六)

本文考证了明清时期山西、江西、奉天、湖北所属州县14位进士的生平、事迹及其家世,重点提供了他们为回族的根据,以为进一步深入研究的线索。     

明清回族进士考略(十)

本文考证了明清时期甘肃所属州县15位进士的生平、事迹及其家世,重点提供了他们为回族的根据,以为进一步深入研究的线索。     

明清回族进士考略(一)

本文简略考证了明清时期顺天府、直隶所属州县 29位回族进士的生平、事迹,重点提供了他们为回族的根据,以为进一步深入研究的线索。