Drug addiction as a lifestyle

Drug addict rehabilitation programs receive a small proportion of the funds made available through the social welfare system. Emphasis has traditionally been placed on the pathological rather than the salutogenic elements of an addicted lifestyle. A new test of a person's sense of coherence in life (Antonovsky's 9-item Sense of Coherence scale) may be of interest in rehabilitation work with drug addicts, and in focusing more attention on this aspect of addiction treatment. Thirty drug addicts in treatment and rehabilitation and 10 former drug addicts were interviewed using the 9-item Sense of Coherence scale. The results obtained were compared to a well known test of distress, the 24-item Symptom Checklist. Drug addicts in treatment facilities had significantly lower mean scores on the 9-item Sense of Coherence scale (2.3) and higher scores on the 24-item Symptom Checklist (2.3) than both drug addicts in rehabilitatively oriented institutions (3.3 and 1.6) and the long-term rehabilitated non-using former drug addicts (4.2 and 1.5 respectively). The differences between the group in rehabilitation and the former drug addicts were also statistically significant. The levels of the two psychometric tests suggested a gradual movement towards normal values and an increased sense of meaning in life among the former drug addicts, contrary to findings by other researchers. The length of time before these tests return to normal values may exceed the observation period often used in follow-up at treatment facilities. Increased social welfare may follow if a disclosure of salutogenic possibilities in drug addicts is obtained. Further prospective research is, however, necessary to confirm our findings.     

The Trans-Theoretical Model of Change: A Reliable Blueprint for Assessment in Work with Children and Families?

Correspondence to John Corden, 1 Brockfield Road, Huntington, York YO31 9DX, UK. Email: John_Corden{at}msn.com Summary In this paper, the authors consider the promotion of Prochaskaand DiClemente’s transtheoretical model of change (theTTM) to the assessment of parenting capacity, within the literaturewhich supports the Framework for Assessment. A number of criticismsof the model, originating from within its original area of applicationare reviewed, and considered in the context of the assessmentof parenting. The authors go on to raise certain questions aboutthe validity of transferring this model from the field of addictivebehaviours to that of parenting and child protection.     

爱生之道：金庸小说的美学审视

虽然武侠小说离不开格杀打斗,但金庸小说却讲究生活情趣,反对残忍暴力。这使充溢着一种生命气息的金庸小说蕴有一种独特的审美品格。它来自于金庸作品里的"爱生性",通过这一原则,金庸小说成功地建构起了一种审美乌托邦。     

大学生网络成瘾问题研究

高校大学生网络游戏成瘾,聊天成瘾,色情成瘾,制作成瘾,导致了正常生理机能下降,免疫能力降低,人际关系能力缺陷,产生双重人格。网络成瘾削弱学习动机,耗费学习时间,浪费金钱财物,危害家庭社会。网络成瘾的缘由复杂,进而创新性地提出了"绿化"源头、净化途经、深化教育、优化方法的防治对策。     

Senior Gambling: Risk or Reward?

For a growing number of older adults, a day outing to a local casino has become one of the more enjoyable and accessible opportunities for socialization and entertainment. Unfortunately, for some older adults this growing pastime increases their risk for developing a gambling problem or, worse yet, a gambling addiction. The consequences of problematic gambling behaviors for individuals living on a fixed income require greater attention by social work researchers, practitioners, and providers of senior services. The development and implementation of a Gambling Education Workshop for older adults attending senior centers in a large metropolitan area, along with qualitative interviews with a sample of workshop participants, are reported in this article. Among the findings from this project are the needs for greater awareness of the risk factors associated with problematic gambling, as well as greater awareness among older adults about the consequences associated with gambling.     

Spiritual Interventions in Substance Abuse Treatment and Prevention

Abstract

This article reviews the recent research literature related to the use of spiritual interventions in the prevention and treatment of substance abuse. Empirical outcome studies are critically reviewed and a brief overview is given of spiritual interventions which have yet to be studied empirically. Areas for further research are delineated and philosophical and methodological issues related to the study of spiritual interventions are discussed.     

大学生网络成瘾的原因及干预

介绍大学生网络成瘾的现状、危害及类型;揭示了大学生网络成瘾主要来自于抑郁的人格特质、不健康的应对方式、不和谐的家庭环境、存在人际交往障碍、逃避不够理想的现实、周围环境的不良影响等方面;并提出了一些相应的干预措施。     

心理活动脑机制的研究历程及研究技术的新进展

本文阐述了心理活动的脑机制及其研究技术的发展过程,从而客观地表达了两种观点:一是,计算机辅助成像技术已成为人类心理活动脑机制研究的新技术;二是,人类的心理和行为活动在大脑皮层都有相应的机能定位,这种机能定位不是绝对的、机械的,而是在整体机能上的动态定位。     

Self-Medication, Traumatic Reenactment, and Somatic Expression in Bulimic and Self-Mutilating Behavior

A psychoanalytic framework provided direction for research on the association between binge-purging (bulimic) and self-mutilating behaviors, comparing them for similarities and differences. The similarities in the multiple functions and psychosomatic processes served by these behaviors are presented, as well as the phenomenon of symptom substitution. Both behaviors tend to be practiced by those with severe personality and dissociative disorders and post-traumatic stress disorder. Both serve ego-compensatory needs in the absence of the adequate ability to regulate and modulate emotions, moods, and tensions. They may serve as compensatory attempts to differentiate self and object, define and differentiate body boundaries, master severe childhood trauma by means of psychophysiological addictive reenactments, and to express emotion.     

大学生网络成瘾行为调查及干预研究

网络成瘾这一现象越来越受到心理学界的关注.通过充分调查大学生网络成瘾行为现状后发现:上网时间、网络的可获得性、网络的使用功能等与网络成瘾有密切的关系,人格特质、社交需要、从众心理等方面是网络成瘾的重要影响因素,对大学生网络成瘾的不同程度应该实施不同的干预措施.