网瘾对青少年社会化的不良影响及对策分析

网瘾对青少年的个性发展、文化接受以及社会结构影响很大,社会对此问题的关注度越来越高,而通过增强互动的方式对网瘾青少年进行帮助,符合青少年的特性。所以,从社会互动的角度增加青少年与陌生人之间的互动,增加与家庭成员间的互动,增加同辈群体间的互动,可以帮助青少年摆脱网瘾、走健康路。     

Measuring the Influence of Social Context Referents in Substance Abuse Treatment: An Instrument Validation Study

ABSTRACT

This paper introduces a newly developed assessment tool, the Ecological Assessment of Substance abuse Experiences (EASE) that has been designed to measure the influence of social context referents (i.e., family, peers, and community) on clients' attitudes and outcome beliefs related to substance abuse and recovery. An initial exploratory factor analysis was conducted with a small sample of adult treatment-seekers (N =103) to identify its underlying factors and to examine the instrument's item-factor fit. Items clustered onto four orthogonal factors: “belonging-recovery,” “belonging-drugs/alcohol,” “disconnect-recovery,” and “attitudinal congruence-recovery.” Preliminary findings suggest that socio-emotional outcome beliefs and attitudes about drug use and recovery behaviors, as related to family, peers, and community contexts, may be significant areas to address during routine assessment practices that may lead to more comprehensive and contextually appropriate treatment plans.     

大学生手机成瘾行为的成因及其对策

随着Android智能手机的普及，其开放性和应用性得到广大青年尤其是大学生的青睐,由此引发的大学生对手机过度依赖的现象时有发生，甚至出现手机成瘾现象。笔者以重庆邮电大学为例，探讨了大学生手机成瘾行为的现状：手机成瘾者月话费较高，反应更加敏感，表现出更强的戒断综合症；从外界存在的客观因素（包括手机本身的特点、社会交往模式的改变等）以及学生自身的心理状态（包括大学生发展阶段特点、从众心理的影响、自我控制感的缺失、满足某些心理需求等）两个层面分析了手机成瘾的原因，从家庭、学校、社会以及个体四个方面提出相应的教育管理对策。     

网络游戏成瘾大学生的自我价值感研究

自我价值感是一个多维度、多水平的心理变量，反映着人们如何认识自己和被别人认识，与心理健康、成就动机、应对方式、归因方式、人际交往等都密切相关。文章采用“自我价值感量表”对182名网络游戏成瘾大学生和157名非网络游戏成瘾大学生进行测验，以期探索网络游戏成瘾大学生自我价值感的特点。     

Problem gambling and property offences: an analysis of court files

This article outlines some of the major findings regarding criminogenic problem gambling in Crofts' (2002) analysis of New South Wales Local and District Court files. The article details firstly the advantages and disadvantages of relying upon court files as a source of information on gambling related crime. The article then outlines the personal characteristics of the subjects in the study, the relationship of gambling to the commission of their offences and judicial responses. The study provided qualitative information on when people are likely to seek treatment for problem gambling and also highlighted problem gambling as a significant motivation for employee theft. The study also suggests that the reasons for problem gambling may impact upon offending patterns.     

网络游戏成瘾量表研究——事件相关脑电位辅助分析

在我国网络游戏产业发展迅猛,网民数量持续高速增长,但同时也出现了网游玩家沉迷于网络游戏中而产生心理依赖的成瘾症状.目前对网络成瘾的概念、界定指标和测量工具都存在较大争议,缺乏网络成瘾界定的系统研究.本研究在以往多种量表的基础上,采用事件相关脑电位方法,采用成瘾Stroop实验范式,找到了可以区分网络游戏成瘾者和正常网络使用者的客观电生理指标,验证了这个分类.通过对这群已经被验证了的两组被试的问卷测量,形成了"网络游戏成瘾量表",并依据测量结果,给出了推断被试是否成瘾的总分分界值.然后,采用重测信度方法,验证了量表的稳定性和可靠性.最后,用测量预留的成瘾被试,验证了"网络游戏成瘾量表"的有效性.     

对高职教育质量保障体系中几个问题的思考

在我国高等职业教育规模迅速扩大的同时，教育质量问题已引起各方面的广泛关注。目前影响我国高职教育质量的主要因素有：学校之外的教育质量评价不能完全适应高职教育实际；产学研结合缺乏应有的措施保障；高职院校内部的质量监控体系尚不完善。应该采取的政策与对策：建立合理、科学的评估体系和机制；鼓励企业通过产学研结合参与高职教育；健全学校内部质量评估、监控体系。     

德法、德波改善历史教科书的启示

改善教科书的国际活动以自愿、自律为原则,公正、客观地理解历史,得到多数国家的支持。本文从德国联邦政府、各州政府及民间人士三个角度,考察第二次世界大战以后德国开展改善教科书的国际交流活动,总结德法、德波两个不同类型的教科书交流模式的实效及意义——消除战争加害国与被害国之间的历史积怨,改善加害国教科书内扭曲的历史认识,以及双方教科书中不利于发展相互友好关系的内容,形成政府主导但有别于政府外交的改善国际关系的对话机制。     

Genetic Studies of Pathological Gambling: A Review of Methodology and Analyses of Data from the Vietnam Era Twin Registry

Twin studies represent an important and powerful approach to estimating the relative contributions of environmental and genetic factors to the expression of psychiatric illnesses. In this article, we first explain the rationale for using large populations of monozygotic and dizygotic twin pairs to estimate genetic and environmental contributions to a disorder and the statistical modeling associated with this approach. We then review results from studies of the Vietnam Era Twin Registry that use this methodology to examine the etiology of pathological gambling (PG) behaviors. The results provide strong evidence for genetic contributions to the development of PG in men and set the foundation for future studies aimed at identifying the manner in which specific genes and environmental factors individually and in conjunction contribute to PG.     

国外手机依赖研究综述

目前国外对手机依赖的概念尚未达成共识；在手机依赖研究对象的选取上主要以青年群体为主，方法也主要采用定量研究；考察了手机依赖和性别、年龄、自尊等八个变量之间的关系；手机依赖的危害涉及生理、心理和社会三个方面，对手机依赖的防范主要从手机本身和教育两方面着手。国外对手机依赖的研究主要从生理和心理的微观层面进行，还缺乏宏观层面的考察。