我国种子行政执法责任制度分析

我国种子产业进入快速发展阶段并取得显著成效,我国种业的安全发展离不开种子行政执法工作的保驾护航,种子行政执法年对种子行政执法有了更高的要求,而种子行政执法责任制度则是对种子行政执法工作的最后一道保障防线。目前我国种子行政执法责任制度的发展还很不完善,相应的责任制度还没有完全建立,已有的责任制度在运行施行上也面临诸多问题,这是利益博弈与规制俘获的产物,更是公众参与机制不健全的体现。分析种子行政执法的责任分解制度、责任考评制度、责任监督制度、责任追究制度以及公众参与作为运行保障措施,以期能完善我国种子行政执法责任制度,规范种子行政执法工作。     

Did PRWORA's mandatory school attendance policy increase attendance among targeted teenage girls?

The purpose of this paper was to examine if the school-attendance requirement of the Personal Responsibility and Work Opportunity Reconciliation Act (PRWORA) significantly increased attendance among the teenage girls that the policy targeted. This study applied difference-in-difference and difference-in-difference-in-difference methods to 12 years of cross-sectional data from the October Supplement of the Current Population Survey while isolating the effects of PRWORA from the effects of other factors that might have influenced the target population's school attendance. The findings indicated that PRWORA, overall, did not have significant positive impacts on school attendance; rather, the policy was associated with a small but significant reduction in school attendance of U.S.-born disadvantaged teenage girls between 1996 through 1999 and essentially no effects on the target population thereafter.     

灵魂在场的言说——《大浴女》与铁凝的女性意识及“人性观”

《大浴女》是铁凝笔下一部女性意识浓厚的文本,小说多视点地描述了几位极具代表性的女性成长历程,展示了她们从“牺牲的奴隶”到“觉醒抗争”的女人的生命史,进而在男女两性关系的现实演绎中表达了作者向往“两性和谐”的新的女性观与人性观,从而使小说成为铁凝表现其独特的女性意识的一种言说。     

国际贸易中的企业社会责任问题分析

在国际贸易中,企业社会责任的推行常常被视为国际贸易壁垒中的社会壁垒,成为我国企业出口产品通往欧美等发达国家市场的又一巨大障碍。但笔者主张正面看待企业社会责任问题,强调企业社会责任为提升我国劳工权益保障带来的积极推动作用。企业社会责任与贸易挂钩的做法已成为不可逆转的国际趋势,我国要想在国际竞争中站稳脚跟,亟需转变企业经营理念、增强责任意识、积极参与国际标准的制定、完善《劳动法》及配套法规并加强执法力度、建立企业社会责任评价体系、提升劳工权益保障水平。     

石油高校自动化专业学生创新能力培养

创新能力是现代大学生应该具备的优秀素质之一。石油院校要加强自动化专业学生创新能力培养,实现宽口径就业,推进创新型国家建设。本文从三方面阐述了培养学生创新能力的方法,首先要提高学生的质疑问难能力,以培养其自主的创新意识;其次要重视通过实践环节培养学生的动手能力、综合分析能力以及科学研究能力;最后,还要建设一只创新型的师资队伍,通过教师带动学生,从而培养创新能力。     

‘There's a huge gulf between me as a male carer and women': Gender,domestic responsibility,and the community as an institutional arena

This paper explores the persistent link between women and domestic responsibility, a link that has been heavily documented and yet much less frequently theorised. Drawing on a qualitative research project with a 'critical case' study sample of couples trying to share housework and childcare in Britain in the early 1990s the paper argues that part of this puzzle linking women and domestic responsibility can be addressed by adopting wider definitions of domestic responsibility and of community. While domestic responsibility is often conceived as family labour that occurs within families/households, it also has inter-household, inter-institutional and community dimensions. With regard to a wider conceptualisation of the community, the paper argues that the community is more than a social institution; it is an institutional arena within which families/households, inter-household relations, community-based social networks and a wide array of community activities occur. The overall findings and implications of the research presented in this paper are three-fold. First, gendered socially constructed norms and gendered community-based social networks are highlighted as important factors that help to account for the persistent link between women and domestic responsibility. Second, taking cues from research carried out in Third World and low-income Western communities, it is important to shift research agendas on domestic divisions of labour to focus not only on intra-household divisions but also inter-household and intra-community relations. Third, the need is highlighted for greater attention to the links between socially constructed norms on masculinities, men's friendships and domestic responsibility. Este articulo explora la conexión persistente entre las mujeres y la responsabilidad doméstica. Se ha documentado mucho veces esta conexión pero se ha teorizado muy pocas veces. Se hace uso de una investigación cualitativa con un estudio tipo 'caso crítico' del cual proviene una muestra de parejas que intentan compartir las tareas domésticas y el cuidado de los niños, y se sostiene que se puede tratar parte de este enigma que une a las mujeres con la responsabilidad doméstica si se adoptan unas definiciones mas amplias de la responsabilidad doméstica y de la comunidad. Mientras que a menudo se suele concebir la responsabilidad doméstica como trabajo familiar que tiene lugar dentro de las familias/los hogares, también tiene dimensiones inter-hogares, inter-institucionales y comunitarias. Con respecto a una conceptualización mas amplia de la comunidad, este artículo sostiene que la comunidad es más que una institución social; es un ruedo institucional (Goetz, 1997) dentro del cual se encuentran las familias/los hogares, las relaciones inter-hogares, las redes sociales basadas en la comunidad y una amplia gama de actividades comunitarias. Tienen tres aspectos las conclusiones e implicaciones globales que se presentan en este artículo. Primero, se ponen de relieve las connotaciones de género, que se evidencian en las normas sociales y en las redes sociales basadas en la comunidad, como factores importantes que ayudan a explicar la conexión persistente entre las mujeres y la responsabilidad doméstica. Segundo, es importante seguir el ejemplo de investigaciones realizadas en el tercer mundo y en las comunidades occidentales de bajos ingresos, y cambiar el enfoque de las investigaciones de las divisiones domésticas del labor para centrarse no sólo en las divisiones entre el hogar sino también en las relaciones entre los hogares y entre la comunidad. Tercero, realzo la necesidad de prestar mas atencion a los vínculos entre las normas sociales sobre las masculinidades, las amistades entre los hombres y la responsabilidad doméstica.     

国际合作计划生育结合项目效果初探—以居民意识问卷调查结果为依据

根据计划生育结合项目 3个周期居民意识问卷调查结果 ,对 90年代以来的结合项目实施效果进行了分析。通过和对照乡镇的对比可以看出 :项目乡镇在计划生育、妇幼保健、寄生虫预防、健康教育等几个方面都有较大的变化 ,项目获得了预期的效果 ,对当地的计划生育工作有很大的促进作用     

Youth Justice

This paper illustrates how mindfulness and reflection exercises can be integrated into the teaching and learning of active listening skills, an integral component of relationship skills training. This pedagogy was first trialled on a small cohort of 15 students and the improved version was applied with a second cohort of 53 students. Through the mindfulness and reflection exercises which were built in throughout the module, students identified the three most prominent ‘bad habits’ that hindered active listening as ‘mind wandering’, ‘multi-tasking’ while listening and ‘thinking ahead’. The mindfulness and reflection exercises appeared to bring the usually-unnoticed ‘bad habits’ into awareness so that a conscious effort could be channelled into preventing them from interfering with relationship building. This expanded awareness facilitated the strengthening of ability to observe oneself in interactions. This paper proposes a combination of exercises that expand students' awareness of their own habitual listening styles, together with skills training through conventional methods of role play, video-taping and skills drilling, in order to strengthen motivation to change and bring about deeper learning.     

Living with zombie companies: Do we know where the threat lies?

This paper shows the existence of extreme types of zombie firm, i.e. companies with negative equity that continue to do business despite having lost their entire equity. We explain how these firms are measured and how the riskier ones are defined with different determinants. Using a Spanish sample from 2010 to 2014 an index called the EZIndex is developed that includes four dimensions of the extreme zombie problem: extension, contagion, recovery signs and immediacy. The paper contributes to zombie theory on the one hand by developing a method for ranking zombie firms based on risks and changes over time, and on the other hand by using a log-linear model to detect the riskiest corporate profiles out of all these risky firms. It demonstrates significant implications that need to be considered by the competent authorities not only in terms of their impact as a whole but also in regard to the particular profile of extreme zombie firms: they are less regulated, large and located in regions with large business fabrics.     

Bad luck vs. self-inflicted neediness – An experimental investigation of gift giving in a solidarity game

We experimentally examine the impact of self-inflicted neediness on the solidarity behavior of subjects. In one treatment in our solidarity experiment all subjects face the same probability of becoming needy, in the other treatment subjects have the choice between a secure payment and a lottery which includes a certain probability of becoming needy. Then all subjects are asked how much they will give to losers in their group to investigate if people are willing to give the same gifts whether or not subjects are responsible for inequality in payoffs. We found evidence for allocative as well as for procedural utility concerns.