Household migration and the labor market position of married women

The present paper conceptualizes labor force participation among U.S. wives as both a determinant and consequence of household migration. A theoretical justification is provided for decomposing these relationships by occupational position of the wife. Applying log-linear models to data from the 1970 One-in-a-Thousand Public Use Sample, we corroborate previous research in that, on the average, the likelihood of interstate migration between 1965 and 1970 was greatest among families in which the wife was not employed prior to the move. However, among employed wives, those classified as professionals or managers were also found to accentuate the probability of household migration, particularly if the husband was not employed in 1965. The implication is that all types of employment by the wife need not limit family mobility as previous studies have suggested. Although migration was found to have a disrupting effect on the continuity of employment among most wives, this effect was most in evidence among wives employed in blue collar occupations. The data suggest the need for a careful reappraisal of traditional economic notions of migration, particularly as they apply to married women.     

我国现行农村土地产权制度存在的问题及对策研究

我国目前尚存在着土地产权制度不明晰、农村土地产权制度界定不清楚、农民自我保护能力差以及反租倒包等问题,建议进一步明确农村土地产权制度的改革方向、健全法律保障体系、建立新型征地补偿机制并依法提高农民对土地产权的保护能力。     

21世纪我国老年人口规模与老年人力资源开发

21世纪上半叶将是老年人口数量及老龄化突进的时期。老年人力资源是人力资源构成的重要组成部分 ,建立市场机制 ,把老年人愿为现代化建设作贡献的主观愿望和能力 ,与社会发展对老年人力资源的客观需要 ,合理、有效地结合 ,促进人口经济协调发展     

影响农村留守儿童教育问题的因素分析——基于贵州省大方县部分农村学校的调查

农村留守儿童教育问题是我国农村问题在社会转型过程中的特殊表现,对贵州省大方县部分农村学校进行的调查表明,当前影响农村留守儿童教育问题的因素主要表现在社会、学校、家庭和留守儿童自身四个方面.     

嵌套博弈视角下的农村公共产品治理机制研究

农村公共产品治理不是一个孤立的博弈,而是嵌套在其它博弈之中。农村基层现有的自上而下的决策体系,使参与人的策略受上级政府偏好的约束。这种嵌套形成了实质上的政府单边治理机制,这是导致农村公共产品治理效率不足的主因。农村公共产品的多样化与复杂性,要求不同的主体参与不同类型的公共产品治理。改革农村基层权力结构,建立以农户需求为导向、自下而上的公共产品决策体系,形成有利于多边治理的新的博弈结构。在改变后嵌套博弈中,农户、企业及非盈利组织都有参与农村公共产品治理的积极性,他们与基层政府、上级政府共同建立起分工协调的多边治理机制,从而提高农村公共产品的治理效率。     

宁夏农村民间借贷与农村金融体制改革的实证研究 ———以盐池县、同心县与中宁县为例

目前,如何破除农村金融的瓶颈约束,促进“三农问题”的解决,成为众多学者所关注的问题。由于各省市区情况不同,从而改革必须因地制宜,切不可一刀切,所以笔者在文章中,将立足于宁夏农村地区实际,以农村民间借贷为切入点,探索一条适合宁夏农村实际情况的金融改革之路。文章以制度经济学理论为依据来论证农村金融体系二元性特征即正规金融与非正规金融并存的合理性;接下来运用实证分析的研究方法,立足宁夏农村,结合课题组的调研资料,分别就当地正规金融与非正规金融(民间借贷)的现状、问题及作用进行全面分析;进而结合实证分析所得出的结论,有针对性地就宁夏农村金融体制改革提出有价值的对策建议。     

西北农村人口对生态环境的压力与生态移民的战略选择

人口与生态环境问题密切相关,对大量数据、指标的分析结果表明,西北农村地区人口对生态环境造成的压力已经十分严重,生态移民是最重要的缓解人口压力的途径。目前生态移民实践相对于生态环境保护的要求还存在一定差距,因此,还必须进一步加大生态移民的力度,拓宽生态移民的安置途径,把生态移民与农村城镇化发展结合起来,才能最终从根本上解决生态移民问题。     

我国失地农民就业危机及对策

入世以来,面对世界农业市场的冲击,我国农业在迎来机遇的同时,也迎来了严峻的挑战,其中最重要的是,以种植业为主的农业人口,在失地之后正在出现和日益扩大农民就业危机。文章从失地农民就业危机态势入手,阐述了解决我国农民就业问题的重要性和紧迫性,以及解决失地农民就业危机的途径。     

The Role of the Housing Allowance for the Elderly in Norway: Views of Recipients

This article concerns the housing allowance, an economic benefit provided to low-income households and the elderly in Norway. Ensuring a high quality of housing for the elderly has been a priority in the development of the Norwegian welfare state. This article is based on results from a qualitative study among elderly recipients of a housing allowance. The study shows that while these recipients viewed the financial support the allowance offered as crucial, they still felt impoverished. The study raises some questions about whether the housing allowance scheme encourages high-quality housing.     

Family Structure and Quality of Life of Elders in Rural China: The Role of the New Rural Social Pension

Using data from a survey in Ankang district of Shaanxi province of China in 2011, this article examines the protective effect of the New Rural Social Pension (NRSP) on quality of life of rural elders, as well the moderating effect on association between family structure and quality of life. An instrumental variable approach is used. NRSP is shown to significantly improve the quality of life of rural elders, and a robustness check shows that this effect is consistent across different sets of subgroups. Compared with the elders who have at least one son, the quality of life of those who are childless or have only one child is significantly lower. The NRSP is more likely to significantly improve the quality of life of one-child elders. In addition, the associations between the NRSP and the different facets of quality of life of the elders are significant except for the facet of sensory abilities.