Bootstrapping estimators for the seemingly unrelated regressions model

In this paper we consider the possibility of using the bootstrap to estimate the finite sample variability of feasible generalized least squares and improved estimators applied to the seemingly unrelated regressions model. The improved estimators we employ include members of the Stein-rule family and a hierarchical Bayes estimator proposed by Blattberg and George (1991). Simulation experiments are carried out using several SUR examples as well as a very large example based on the price-promotion model, and data, from marketing research.     

Demystifying the Integrated Tail Probability Expectation Formula

ABSTRACT

Calculating the expected values of different types of random variables is a central topic in mathematical statistics. Targeted toward students and instructors in both introductory probability and statistics courses and graduate-level measure-theoretic probability courses, this pedagogical note casts light on a general expectation formula stated in terms of distribution and survival functions of random variables and discusses its educational merits. Often consigned to an end-of-chapter exercise in mathematical statistics textbooks with minimal discussion and presented under superfluous technical assumptions, this unconventional expectation formula provides an invaluable opportunity for students to appreciate the geometric meaning of expectations, which is overlooked in most undergraduate and graduate curricula, and serves as an efficient tool for the calculation of expected values that could be much more laborious by traditional means. For students’ benefit, this formula deserves a thorough in-class treatment in conjunction with the teaching of expectations. Besides clarifying some commonly held misconceptions and showing the pedagogical value of the expectation formula, this note offers guidance for instructors on teaching the formula taking the background of the target student group into account.     

The Box–Cox Transformation and Non‐Iterative Estimation Methods for Ordinal Log‐Linear Models

Recently Beh and Farver investigated and evaluated three non‐iterative procedures for estimating the linear‐by‐linear parameter of an ordinal log‐linear model. The study demonstrated that these non‐iterative techniques provide estimates that are, for most types of contingency tables, statistically indistinguishable from estimates from Newton's unidimensional algorithm. Here we show how two of these techniques are related using the Box–Cox transformation. We also show that by using this transformation, accurate non‐iterative estimates are achievable even when a contingency table contains sampling zeros.     

论“上命下从”与检察官的客观义务

“上命下从”是检察一体化的应有之义, 意味着上级检察机关对下级检察机关、检察长对检察官享有指令权, 能以命令的形式要求检察机关或检察官实施一定行为。而在客观义务面前, “法律的守护人”是检察官角色的集中体现, 客观公正应成为检察官的不懈追求。当“上命下从”遭遇检察官的客观义务之时, 应受到如下的限制:“上命下从”不仅应以检察官的客观义务为边界, 不能抹杀下级检察官的相对独立性, 而且还应该避免检察官行政人化。     

人本原理在学校管理中的运用研究

人本原理在学校管理中的运用是适应社会形势发展的要求,是实现学校教育目标的保证。学校管理中贯彻人本原理,首先要注重做好人的工作,要关心人、尊重人、爱护人;其次要掌握教职工的需求结构,尽可能的满足其合理化的要求,以充分调动每个人的工作积极性和创造性;同时,要知人善任,保证民主,在日常工作中协调好学校各成员之间的关系,形成良好的学校管理机制。     

人民政协主体性的法治探究

依法治国方略的确立,彰显了主体性的现实需求。人民政协主体性的法治探究,旨在从"你是谁"的外在勾勒过渡到"我是谁"的内在构建。功能论和作用论的渲染,迷失了人民政协主体性的探索;国家权力、社会权力和公民权利的解析,澄清了人民政协主体性的法治描述;政治协商制度的法制化,保障了人民政协主体性的实现。     

古蜀汶山考

"汶山"对于古蜀文化研究,不但是一个重要地名,也是一个重要的疆域。该地域无不与蚕丛、柏灌、鱼凫、杜宇、开明数代古蜀王朝紧密联系在一起。汶山是"三星堆"青铜器的铜资源的重要开采和冶炼地之一,也是黄金、玉石等原料产地,对于当时的政治和经济具有重要的战略意义。因此,在相关历史材料中都提及到了汶山,如《蜀王本纪》中描写到的"望帝(杜宇)治汶山下邑,曰郫化",其汶山指的是哪里?所提及的"郫化"又在哪里?等等这些问题的探寻都将为古蜀历史的研究提供重要的线索。经作者对龙门山的岷江流域、湔江、石亭江和北川湔江流域多年实地调查和相关史料查阅,从2006年至今,虽然中间经历了2008年"5·12"汶川地震,山河改变、人文失常,灾后重建彻底改变了当地传统文化的格局,但作者对"望帝治汶山下邑"的汶山,有了一定的区域概念,即:东临成都平原,西以岷江河谷和北临北川湔(戬jiǎn)江河谷,北起北川县曲山镇(涪江上游),南至都江堰宝瓶口和关口。     

泰州学派王襞的审美人格思想

“道”范畴是泰州学派王襞审美人格思想的高度凝练,其内涵可以从三个层面来理解：一是审美人格本体论的“自然之谓道”;二是在“自然之谓道”基础上提出的审美人格境界论——“率性之谓道”;三是审美人格理想论的“王道”。     

论民族教育的“依法治教”及教育事业健康发展

现行民族教育法律制度理论准备有所不足,民族教育立法欠完善,可操作性差。应当正确认识和重新界定“消灭三大差别”的科学内涵,深入调研,转变观念,建立适合我国民族地方条件与民族特点、有利于民族文化传承创新的新的教育模式,制定实施《民族教育法》,促进民族教育“依法治教”和教育事业健康发展。