社区安全与环境设计--在"可防卫空间"之后

社区犯罪历来都被认为与社区实质环境之间存在直接的关系,本文回顾了近40年来与社区安全有关的环境行为研究后发现,可防卫空间、建筑规模、土地使用和空间结构等实体要素与犯罪和居民的安全感之间有密切联系,它们的关系是复杂的多层次的,而且还受到了社区的社会结构、认知和管理等多方面的影响。     

隐性课程：一种重要的德育资源

隐性课程是一种重要的德育资源 ,它广泛存在于学校校园与课堂环境中 ,并发挥独特的德育影响。其特点主要表现为德育影响目标的“宽泛化”、影响内容的“整体化”及影响方式的“生活化”。实践中 ,隐性课程的德育影响不是自发的 ,它是以现代德育理念为先导的自觉活动的产物。     

论侵占罪中的遗忘物与埋藏物

侵占遗忘物和埋藏物是侵占罪的两个特殊类型。遗忘物是指持有人有意识地放置于某一特定场所,由于疏忽而忘记带走,而为该特定场所的特定人员所控制的动产,不包括遗失物。埋藏物是指埋没或隐藏于地下或他物之中的物,包括隐藏物。     

中小型水库除险加固压力灌浆法的应用

本文通过工程实例介绍压力灌浆法在中小型水库除险加固工程中的应用。实践证明,灌浆法确实是一门重要且颇有发展潜力的地基加固技术。     

Conditional Likelihood Estimators for Hidden Markov Models and Stochastic Volatility Models

ABSTRACT.  This paper develops a new contrast process for parametric inference of general hidden Markov models, when the hidden chain has a non-compact state space. This contrast is based on the conditional likelihood approach, often used for ARCH-type models. We prove the strong consistency of the conditional likelihood estimators under appropriate conditions. The method is applied to the Kalman filter (for which this contrast and the exact likelihood lead to asymptotically equivalent estimators) and to the discretely observed stochastic volatility models.     

Peer paradox: the tensions that peer relationships raise for vulnerable youth

The contribution peer relationships make to positive adolescent development is well recognized. Accordingly, peer problem measures typically assess youth with few age‐appropriate peers as having peer problems. Yet, youth facing high levels of personal and/or social adversity may reduce their association with antisocial peers as part of coping or risk mitigation strategies. While such strategies will result in higher scores on peer problem measures, they may also facilitate resilience and constitute a resource social workers can draw on in their work with youth. To test this proposition of peer adaptation as a risk mitigation strategy, mixed‐methods data relating to two groups of youth who were exposed to different levels of adversity were compared on a standardized peer problem measure and a range of risk measures. Qualitative interviews extended this data and explored vulnerable youth perceptions of social withdrawal as a coping strategy. Results from the survey and qualitative data indicated that a subgroup of youth facing high levels of adversity restricted association with antisocial peers to reduce their behavioural risks. However, without adequate support from adults in both formal support systems and youths' social ecologies to compensate for the loss of peer friendships, this strategy did not reduce behavioural risk in the medium term. The social withdrawal strategy also appeared to heighten mental health concerns for these youth. The implications of this finding for the development of policy and practice with vulnerable youth are discussed.     

The politics of gender in the UN Security Council resolutions on women,peace and security

Women’s groups have worked diligently to place gender and women’s vulnerability on the transnational security agenda. This article departs from the idea that negotiating and codifying gender and women’s vulnerability in terms of security represent a challenge to mainstream security contexts. By contrasting the UN Security Council resolutions on women, peace and security with feminist theory, this article aims to analyze what is considered to be threatened when women’s vulnerability is negotiated. The article identifies two approaches to the gender/security nexus: gendering security, which involves introducing ideas regarding gender-sensitive policies and equal representation, and securitizing gender, which proceeds by locating rape and sexual violence in the context of war regulations. We demonstrate that, although these measures are encouraged with reference to women’s vulnerability, they serve to legitimize war and the male soldier and both approaches depoliticize gender relations.     

残疾儿童社会保障制度的研究

目前，政府通过发展社会保障以增进社会和谐的政策方向基本确立，倡导残疾儿童社会保障制度的适度公正机制是基于经济发展和现代社会平等两者之间的权衡。目的是使社会成员都能够普遍以适度标准不断享受经济社会发展的成果，从而有效地实现社会整合。我国已经初步具备实现残疾儿童社会保障制度的适度公正目标的条件，基于此目标，残疾儿童的社会保障制度仍存在以下制约瓶颈：相关社会保障制度建设法规滞后；政府保障主体地位缺失，财政经费投入不足；残疾儿童参与社会保障层次低、覆盖面窄；保障政策执行部门行政多头管理。因此，残疾儿童社会保障制度的制度设计需要着重于：保持经济发展水平下残疾儿童保障支付享受标准；倡导公正和能动的残疾儿童权利保障价值取向：界定政府责任边界和立法，广泛动员社会力量；整合政府部门残疾儿童社会保障资源。     

略论隐性课程与高校思想政治教育

隐性课程是教育者通过教育环境有意或无意地传递给学生的情感、态度、价值、信仰等非公开性的经验。隐性课程对高校思想政治教育的启发有以下四个方面：划军高校校园环境的育人功能；完善高校思想政治教育工作者的道德形象和人格形象；重视高校学生社团的作用；发挥哲学社会科学在思想政治教育中的渗透作用。     

Utilizing social media for social work: insights from clients in online youth services

ABSTRACT

This study explored and conceptualised service users’ experiences in online outreach projects supported by the Hong Kong SAR government. Fifteen active users were interviewed. The study used thematic analysis to explore service users’ experiences that might not have been possible without technology. Participant utterances were non-mutually-exclusively tagged with a specific theme. Each utterance reflected an aspect of user experience which combined a technical component with a service-need component. Six themes were identified, including: (i) Personalised newsfeeds help identify service information and news, (ii) Online status indicators improve service accessibility, (iii) Online communications enable a disinhibition effect, (iv) Asynchronous communications facilitate continual feedback loops, (v) Incomplete communicative modalities may cause misunderstanding and (vi) Asynchronous communication may disrupt conversations. The findings reveal that there are middle-level concepts between broad social work concepts and ever-changing technology. Implications for research and practice are discussed.