社会网络分析在组织管理中的应用

社会网络分析在组织管理中的应用有多个层次:通过对组织内部进行社会网络分析,可以发现组织中存在的问题;通过为组织网络建立网络动力学模型,可以预见组织演化的趋势,提高组织管理的自觉程度;通过对组织外在交互网络进行分析,可以挖掘出组织的角色定位,发现组织发展的空间,实施组织的战略管理;通过对引进信息技术或其他组织管理措施的前后分析比较,可以对实施各种组织管理措施进行过程控制和量化测评等。     

走出达尔文进化论思想研究的误区

19 世纪达尔文进化论的诞生是西方科学思想史上的一件大事,它一方面确立了自牛顿以来的科学理性观,另一方面通过社会达尔文主义而形成了社会进化与社会进步的观念,确立了欧洲中心主义观念。但是,科学史研究表明,对于达尔文本人的进化论思想研究,学术界还存在着许多误区,本文依据国际科学史界的最新研究成果予以澄清,以便深化我国学术界目前着重探讨的科学观以及科学发展观。     

Child Support Obligations and Low‐Income Fathers

Using the 1994–1998 waves of the Current Population Survey—Child Support Supplement (N =5,387), the aims of this study are to document child support obligation rates of nonresident fathers, to examine the effect of the obligation rate on child support compliance, and to calculate the trade‐off between fathers’ financial responsibility and children's well‐being, paying particular attention to low‐income fathers. The results indicate that low‐income fathers have high child support obligation rates, which significantly reduce their child support compliance. Although lowering the obligation rate for these fathers may improve their compliance, it does not fully offset the lowered obligation amounts and leads to a 30% net payment loss for welfare mothers and a 43% loss for nonwelfare mothers. Policy implications are discussed.     

现行生育保险制度亟待解决的问题及改进对策

目前我国的生育保险制度存在发展不平衡,覆盖面不广,基金筹集渠道窄,待遇标准不统一,管理手段落后等问题,对此,建议采取加大宣传力度,强化生育保险意识,实行社会统筹制度,加快法制建设等有效措施,完善我国的生育保险制度。     

In a Nervous Voice: Acoustic Analysis and Perception of Anxiety in Social Phobics’ Speech

This study investigated the effects of anxiety on nonverbal aspects of speech using data collected in the framework of a large study of social phobia treatment. The speech of social phobics (N = 71) was recorded during an anxiogenic public speaking task both before and after treatment. The speech samples were analyzed with respect to various acoustic parameters related to pitch, loudness, voice quality, and temporal aspects of speech. The samples were further content-masked by low-pass filtering (which obscures the linguistic content of the speech but preserves nonverbal affective cues) and subjected to listening tests. Results showed that a decrease in experienced state anxiety after treatment was accompanied by corresponding decreases in (a) several acoustic parameters (i.e., mean and maximum voice pitch, high-frequency components in the energy spectrum, and proportion of silent pauses), and (b) listeners’ perceived level of nervousness. Both speakers’ self-ratings of state anxiety and listeners’ ratings of perceived nervousness were further correlated with similar acoustic parameters. The results complement earlier studies on vocal affect expression which have been conducted on posed, rather than authentic, emotional speech.     

Acculturation,Social Support,and Family Conflict: Korean–American Adolescents’ Perceptions

Numerous studies have examined the nature of parent–adolescent relationships within mainstream families; but few have focused on conflicts in the Korean immigrant population. In addition, there has been no attempt to develop and test a theory-driven model of social service practices for the immigrant families. Thus, the current study developed and tested a structural equation model based on three latent variables, which are acculturation, social support system, and family conflict. This study offers a first step by investigating the overall nature and outcome of conflict between parents and adolescents. The analysis with data taken from 304 Korean American adolescents, ages 14–18, revealed that a social support system was the most significant means of predicting immigrant family conflicts. A number of practice applications, based on the results, along with implications for future study were discussed, and proved a great need for a support system.     

中国农民工问题的思路选择

农民工是合乎中国国情、极富有中国特色的当代中国社会转型期出现的新概念，它代表着当今中国改革开放中涌现的一个庞大的新兴社会群体。农民工的存在与发展，影响党的事业和国家的稳定、现代化进程和社会经济发展。马克思主义的动力思维、辩证思维、规律思维，应成为我们研究农民工问题的逻辑起点、思维方式和思维趋向。     

发达国家高校办学财政资助模式的探讨

发达国家高校办学有多种模式，其中财政资助模式是其共同特点之一。经费的自主调配权是发达国家高等教育自主性的重要标志。面对高等教育的重要性和高校经费短缺的现状，各国政府采用经济功能参与高等教育的宏观管理。财政资助模式在英、法、美、日、德等发达国家又显示出不同的特点，探讨其成功经验对促进我国高校办学与国际接轨具有重要的借鉴意义。     

物流服务信息支持系统的规划和设计

针对供应链管理环境下物流服务企业与生产企业双方的关系特点进行研究,详细分析这些特点对信息支持系统的具体要求。基于多代理技术和互联网技术,对工作流服务的信息支持系统的体系结构进行构建。     

Biased networks and social structure theorems

It is shown that the part of Peter Blau's theory of social structure bearing on heterogeneity can be imbedded within the framework of biased networks, thereby clarifying conceptual aspects of the theory as well as providing a mathematical proof of the most central heterogeneity theorem for a class of networks. The key step is the postulation of a mathematical concept of salience, called an ‘inbreeding bias’ in prior work, which corresponds to Blau's fundamental axiom. In addition, there are derivations and discussions bearing on related topics in the analysis of social structure.