Interactions in new product development: How the nature of the NPD process influences interaction between teams and management

Effective interaction across organisational boundaries is a critical success factor in new product development (NPD). However, few studies have investigated how different mechanisms enable effective interaction across organisational and particularly hierarchical boundaries.This study explores how the formality of the NPD process influences the nature of interactions across different organisational boundaries and specifically identifies interaction mechanisms used across hierarchical boundaries. Cross-sectional interviews were conducted in nine firms. Findings highlight that in firms with a formalised NPD process, interactions tend to have a transactional/managerial bias. In contrast, in firms where the NPD process is flexible, interactions have a more social objective.     

党政、国企与民企高管团队组成和运作过程比较

该研究在高管团队人口统计特征研究的基础上,加强了对高管团队成员价值观的研究,并对团队运作过程进行了深入探索,揭示了高管团队成员特征和运作过程与绩效的关系。研究对党政、国企和民企三类组织的高管团队的组成和运作过程进行了横向比较,发现三类组织的高管成员仍偏向人力成本观和以环境和资源作为发展代价的观点;他们一方面对组织有很强的主人翁感,另一方面,现实地将身体健康和家庭幸福作为首要的人生价值观;党政领导团队的集体决策程度和高管团队有效性低于两企业的高管团队;三类高管团队长期绩效的动因模型各有特点。研究通过横向比较,揭示了组织背景对团队成员的价值观、对高管团队的组成特征、运作过程和绩效表现的影响。     

Deux définitions de la collégialité et leur articulation: le cas d’un diocèse catholique

Against the background of the conflict observed between managers and professionals, two definitions of collegiality are identified: on the one hand, as a specific organizational form (bottom up) and, on the other, as a procedure of bureaucratic management (top down). A study of networks of priests in a catholic diocese in France is used to explore how these two definitions are related. Questions are raised about the effects of a too narrow organizational rationalization that uses collegiality only as a top down, bureaucratic managerial procedure. This always entails the risk of making the work done by experts sterile because it overlooks the first type of collegiality, which is based on the nature of the nonroutine tasks that members perform jointly thanks to an endogenous organizational structure of a bottom up type.     

《跟单信用证统一惯例》最新修订探析

在分析<跟单信用证统一惯例>使用情况的基础上,总结<跟单信用证统一惯例>的发展沿革,探讨了<跟单信用证统一惯例>600号出台的必要性,指出了<跟单信用证统一惯例))600号与500号在形式和内容方面的主要区别,进一步揭示出研究<跟单信用证统一惯例>600号的意义.     

从大学生的评价看学习不良大学生的人格结构

本研究采用自编的《大学生评价学优生和学差生人格特质形容词检核表》对382名大学生进行了测试,结果显示大学生们时学习不良的大学生的人格特质的评价维度是:重情感交流／具学习潜能、放纵自我／怪诞不羁、自觉学习／谦虚本分、消极退缩／保守内向、易受挫折／孤独矜持等五个方面,大学生们评价学业成绩编差大学生较好的维度是重情感交流／具学习潜能和自觉学习／谦虚本分,评价不良的维度有三个,即放纵自我／怪诞不羁、消极退缩／保守内向和易受挫折／孤独矜持;大学生们对学业成绩优秀大学生的人格特质的评价存在性别差异、学科差异、层次差异和家庭居住地差异。     

氮肥深追施技术的研究

经连续三年的试验、示范研究，结果表明：采用氮素化肥追肥深施技术，可减少化肥氮素的损失，使氮素化肥利用率由过去的40％左右，提高到51．84％-56．67％；明显改善作物产量构成，增加作物产量，增产率达11．11％─12．81％；有利保持和提高土壤氮素水平，延缓作物衰老。     

Nonparametric tests for conditional independence using conditional distributions

The concept of causality is naturally defined in terms of conditional distribution, however almost all the empirical works focus on causality in mean. This paper aims to propose a nonparametric statistic to test the conditional independence and Granger non-causality between two variables conditionally on another one. The test statistic is based on the comparison of conditional distribution functions using an L₂ metric. We use Nadaraya–Watson method to estimate the conditional distribution functions. We establish the asymptotic size and power properties of the test statistic and we motivate the validity of the local bootstrap. We ran a simulation experiment to investigate the finite sample properties of the test and we illustrate its practical relevance by examining the Granger non-causality between S&P 500 Index returns and VIX volatility index. Contrary to the conventional t-test which is based on a linear mean-regression, we find that VIX index predicts excess returns both at short and long horizons.     

股指运行曲线与宏观面调控信息作用力曲线相交点预测分析

大盘的股指运行趋势、受制于宏观面调控信息的作用力.从这两条曲线相交点及交易日天数的量化分析,可以预测大盘顶部和底部指数,以规避投资风险.     

我国上市公司高管特征与企业绩效的实证研究

由于中国的转型经济呈现的是一种不同于西方完善市场经济的特殊制度环境,在这种条件下经营的企业之业绩受到其高管特征的影响如何,以及哪些特征对组织业绩的影响更为显著,需要进一步的实证研究予以揭示。本文通过对沪、深两市的114家上市公司高管的有关特征与其业绩之间关系的实证分析,得出了有关中国企业高管的几个人口特征指标与公司绩效之间的不同于西方研究的结论。鉴于中国企业所处的特定的制度和文化环境,我们对检验结果进行了具体的解释和讨论,并对处于转型经济中的中国企业在本研究主题的发展作出了一定的展望。