Healthcare in India: Changing the Financing Strategy

The way in which healthcare is financed is critical for equity in access to healthcare. At present the proportion of public resources committed to healthcare in India is one of the lowest in the world, with less than one‐fifth of health expenditure being publicly financed. India has large‐scale poverty and yet the main source of financing healthcare is out‐of‐pocket expenditure. This is a cause of the huge inequities we see in access to healthcare. The article argues for strengthening public investment and expenditure in the health sector and suggests possible options for doing this. It also calls for a reform of the existing healthcare system by restructuring it to create a universal access mechanism which also factors in the private health sector. The article concludes that it is important to over‐emphasize the fact that health is a public or social good and so cannot be left to the vagaries of the market.     

解析墨家思想中几个关键概念——兼评中国人的精神世界

墨家学派的几个关键概念——兼爱、尚同、非攻、天志、明鬼中存在着不可克服的不兼容性。以功利性为目的的"兼爱"导致了爱的错位;追求平等的"尚同"和"兼爱"产生不可克服的尖锐矛盾;"天志"和"明鬼"导致了精神世界爱的荒漠并为极权统治作好了精神上的铺垫。科学精神和墨学形同而质异,"五四"时期的思想大家倡导墨学存在失误。认识中国人的精神世界要注意墨家的消极影响。     

美的解释——单纯、混沌和秩序——与杨振宁先生于新加坡谈美

对于宇宙本体的追寻,因着东西方文化的不同,而有不同的路径。会意、苟简、为道日损、返朴归真等理念,是中国的艺术能自立于世界民族之林而厥美长存的根本原因;无论是科学,还是艺术,都以自己的方式证明着宇宙的无限和美的纯粹,减法的目的是趋近大造的苟简和单纯,不是生出一些如后现代主义之类的不可或睹的怪胎。     

法治正当性的内在根据

以个体的行为自由为核心的法律权利应当而且可以保障和维护以个体的内在自由为核心的普遍道德权利。这是法治正当性的内在根据。以三大绝对律令为代表的普遍道德法则是检验法律权利正当性的必要而充分的条件及其合理性 (广义 )的必要条件     

The Difficult History of Ancillary Units: The Obstacles and Potential Opportunities to Increase the Heterogeneity of Neighborhoods and the Flexibility of Households in the United States

ABSTRACT

Most aging Americans express the desire to stay in their current home for the rest of their lives. However, as literature and practice indicate, aging in place cannot be successfully achieved in all places, especially in those places where zoning regulations and building codes act as barriers to the flexible adaptation of environments. One possible solution could come from the legalization of what is commonly known as granny flats, or more technically as Ancillary Dwelling Units. This article is divided into three parts. The first part is a brief history of Ancillary Dwelling Units. The second part focuses on the critical role played by local and state urban planning policies in the future of Ancillary Dwelling Units. California is used as a noteworthy example. The third part discusses how positive outcomes for senior residents who have Ancillary Dwelling Units legally present in their neighborhoods are linked to the appropriateness of their design.     

Does accreditation really matter in public relations practice? How age and experience compare to accreditation

Many scholars and practitioners have suggested accreditation as one way to enhance the professionalism of public relations practice. But, others have questioned whether accreditation really makes a difference and whether experience is a sufficient substitute for accreditation. This study found that, although accredited practitioners were significantly older and had significantly more years of experience compared to their non-accredited counterparts, differences between the groups with respect to seven work categories and five professional competencies remained even when age and years of experience were controlled. The affected work categories were account/client management, strategic planning, public relations program planning, project management, stakeholder relations, issues management, and crisis management. The affected professional competencies were the four-step strategic planning process; ethics and legal issues; communication theory; business literacy; and advanced communication skills. In short, this study refutes the argument that age and professional experience are sufficient substitutes for accreditation in public relations. In fact, they are not.     

现代汉民族共同语的变化与方言

普通话不是孤立存在的系统.它要推广普及到各方言区的群众中去,以发挥它作为全民通用的交际工具的职能.它一旦为人们所掌握而运用于日常言语活动中,就转化为言语变体.方言以自己特有的力量和方式影响着共同语的变化.弄清其与方言的关系及变化规律,有助于澄清一些基本概念上的混乱,有助于普通话的推广.这不仅具有理论价值,更有实践意义.     

朱熹关于世界的统一性与多样性——“理一分殊说”

"理一"不是实体,是极好致善的"表德",即人类共同的价值标准。"分殊"是万物的个体性、多样性和差异性。理一与分殊的关系不是概念论的一般与个别的关系,是生命论的整体与分体的关系。理一在万物中,在人的心灵中。"理一分殊"说不只是从概念"推下来",而且是从经验"推上去",是经验与观念的统一,分析与综合的统一。人人有真、善、美的价值诉求,但最重要的是理会多样性,立足于分殊而理会理一。理一作为生命的根本法则就是仁,其实现的方法是"忠恕",只有尊重事物的差异性,从中理会一贯的道理,才能实现共同价值。朱子从生命哲学的立场,试图为人类生活建立统一的价值法则,直接讨论人类生存方式这一重大课题,并深入到心灵世界的深处,挖掘共同的生命诉求,坚持多样性是人类存在的基本形态,通过多样性的实践而实现共同价值,有其重要意义。     

红皮洋葱新品种“昌激99-3“的一道清高效栽培技术

本试验用"一道清"的高产长效施肥技术,在激光诱变选育出的红皮洋葱新品种"昌激99-3"上施用,通过与常规施肥试验的对比,得出使用这种施肥技术可显著提高肥料利用率25％左右,能满足洋葱生长全过程的需要;还能降低洋葱早期抽苔率13％左右,改善洋葱品质,产量提高10％以上,施肥上用工减少3/4以上。在生产应用上有极好的前景。     

四夷馆与同文馆名称考

中国官方的翻译培训机构开始于明朝的四夷馆。本为东夷的满族入主中原,建立清朝之后,四夷馆被清朝接收,但是,“夷”字被拿掉,又以鸦片战争为分野,先后改名为四译馆和同文馆。改名的背后或者有来自外族的推力,或者有来自外国的推力。然而,持久的推力是国内社会发展中的矛盾运动。因为人民利益才是变革的永恒动力,才是制度文明的落点。