360 Video: A prototyping process for developing virtual reality interventions

Abstract

Virtual reality (VR) has emerged as a promising technological intervention for anxiety disorders. However, there are no existing standards and best practices to evaluate the effectiveness of environments to achieve their intervention goals. The purpose of this study was to develop a VR intervention for student veterans with social anxiety disorder and test feasibility utilizing a three-stage development model. The development of a therapeutic VR environment may benefit from an interdisciplinary collaboration of researchers from various fields of study. Utilizing three stages of prototyping with two virtual reality platforms, fully immersive video (n?=?6) and three-dimensional (3-D) immersive virtual reality (n?=?8), the research team designed an intervention for student veterans with social anxiety disorder, testing bio-reactivity of participants. Results of prototyping include user feedback validating increased stress levels and increased bio-reactivity specifically in galvanic skin response and heart rate elevation. Implications include the use of 360° video for prototyping 3-D virtual reality interventions.     

基于关键词分析我国图书馆焦虑研究态势

国内关于图书馆焦虑的研究已经开展多年，并取得一定的研究成果。以我国图书馆焦虑的研究文献的关键词为统计对象，基于共词分析，利用聚类方法和战略坐标图分析我国在该领域的研究现状。结果表明，目前该领域的研究集中于读者自身、图书馆环境和图书馆员三大因素的研究，从理论上研究图书馆焦虑起因的关注度在降低，图书馆焦虑缓解措施的可行性和有效性研究比较缺乏。最后给出了该领域在下一步研究中的可能方向，供研究人员参考。     

Emotions into Disorder: Anxiety Disorders and the Social Meaning of Fear

This article explores what we refer to as norm-stimuli-state discrepancies, which are disparities between people's physical-emotional responses to emotional cues and the normative meanings of those cues. Drawing on forty qualitative interviews and participant observation research at support groups, we show that people with anxiety disorders describe two forms of norm-stimuli-state discrepancies. The first form involves discrepancies of type, in which people label fearful emotional states as deviant for being caused by the “wrong” stimuli. The second involves discrepancies of intensity, in which people label fearful states as deviant for involving feelings or displays of “too much” anxiety in response to an “appropriate” stimuli. The article further addresses the role of stimuli in prompting treatment seeking. Unexpected and intense emotional distress in combination with the falling away of external cues—which we refer to as “stimuli-less fear”—serve as a critical juncture on the path to an anxiety disorder diagnosis.     

Sexual Function in Women with Deep Endometriosis: Correlation with Quality of Life,Intensity of Pain,Depression, Anxiety,and Body Image

Objectives: We evaluated sexual function, quality of life and perceived body image of women with deep endometriosis in comparison to that of healthy women. Methods: The sample consisted of 41 women with deep endometriosis and 40 healthy women without endometriosis. Sexual, psychological and pain evaluation were performed. Results: The study evidenced that deep endometriosis has a significant impact on sexuality and body image. Conclusions: An integrated and patient-centered approach to medical and psychological and sexual issues is suggested.     

Women's experiences of interventions for fear of childbirth in the perinatal period: A meta-synthesis of qualitative research evidence

IssueFear of childbirth (FOC) can be debilitating, impacting women's lives in pregnancy, the puerperium and beyond. Research investigated various interventions for FOC in the perinatal period, but there been no synthesis of the experiences of women who engaged with these interventions, which would inform clinical practice guidance and the development of future interventions.AimTo conduct a review and synthesis of qualitative studies of interventions for fear of childbirth in the perinatal period and women's experiences of them.MethodsA meta-synthesis was performed to examine all relevant qualitative studies describing women's experiences of interventions for FOC, in all languages. A comprehensive search of relevant databases from 1978 to 2019 was conducted. In total, following appraisal, seven qualitative studies were eligible for inclusion. The findings were integrated using thematic synthesis for the final stages in the thematic analysis.FindingsOne overarching theme “Ownership of Childbirth” and three analytical themes “Facing the fear”, “Feeling empowered”, “Managing the fear with a sense of security” were generated through the synthesis. There were no studies outside of Scandinavia located.DiscussionThis meta-synthesis provides a new way to describe the process of moving from fear to “Ownership of childbirth”. The first step in the process appears to be acknowledging and identifying the individual's fears. Women can be empowered to self-manage FOC but may be influenced by external factors such as the support of partners and staff.ConclusionThese findings provide evidence to inform the development of future interventions for FOC and highlight the need for further qualitative research globally.     

Comfort with discussions about death,religiosity, and attitudes about end‐of‐life care

In end‐of‐life (EOL) care research, death anxiety and religiosity are often overlooked. Terror management theory (TMT) may provide a useful conceptual model with which to examine how comfort discussing death and religiosity influence attitudes related to EOL care. A telephone‐based survey was conducted among community‐dwelling adults in the Unites States. Via random sampling, with over‐sampling of Hispanics/African Americans, 123 completed survey interviews (response rate = 46%) were analyzed. Respondents were more likely to have better attitudes toward EOL care if they were older or white, religiously active, and comfortable with the subject of death. Religiosity and comfort discussing death were correlated with each other and remained significant predictors of attitudes about EOL care even without demographic covariates. Findings suggest that promoting an open dialogue about mortality may improve attitudes about EOL care and utilization of palliative care services. The study also provides evidence about the utility and applicability of TMT for EOL care.     

论《行政许可法》的实施对政府行政的影响

行政许可作为政府行使职能的重要方式 ,与经济和社会发展密切相关。中国行政许可制度沿袭了计划经济特征 ,已经落后时代发展。《行政许可法》的公布和实施 ,将对政府行政行为产生深远影响 ,它规范政府行政许可行为 ,促进政府职能转变 ,有利于建设法制政府 ,有利于建立透明、高效、廉洁的政府     

大学生应对幽默和社交焦虑与心理健康的关系研究

探讨大学生应对幽默、社交焦虑和心理健康之间的关系,选用应对幽默量表、社交焦虑量表和SCL-90问卷,对600名大学生进行调查,结果是应对幽默与大学生社交焦虑呈负相关,即应对幽默水平有助于减轻社交焦虑;社交焦虑水平与大学生心理健康水平相关,社交焦虑水平越高,心理健康状况越差。因此,应对幽默水平作为一种应对方式对大学生心理健康水平有正面影响。     

基于“向城求生”的现代性焦虑——20世纪90年代以来乡村小说创作的一种考察

以基于＂向城求生＂的现代性焦虑为视角,探索了20世纪90年代以来城市作为一种新的精神出现下的乡土小说对此的必然应对和反映,进而分析了现代性焦虑的三幅面孔,以此揭示20世纪90年代以来的乡土小说创作呈现出诸多未曾显露的意义。     

语音焦虑与英语学习成绩调查分析

本文提出语音焦虑是一种外语学习中不可忽略的焦虑形式,语音焦虑源自于英语学习起始阶段语音知识的缺失导致的语音缺陷和诵读困难。语音能力的强弱不仅影响听说能力,也影响阅读能力和其他外语技能。在论证语音焦虑同外语成绩呈负相关的同时还指出,受方言发音影响的少量稳定的英语语音错误比大量不稳定的英语语音错误对学习成绩的影响小。