21世纪大学生心理压力探析

本文认为 ,当今大学生的心理压力主要有 3种 :大学生活的压力、个人成长的压力和社会大环境的压力。大学生活的压力包括适应的压力、学业的压力和集体生活的压力 ;个人成长的压力包括人际成长的压力、自我完善的压力、与性和爱情有关的成长压力 ;社会大环境的压力包括就业的压力、社会对人才的高要求压力和经济压力。指出进行压力处理的心理健康教育十分重要。     

城市再生水回用探析——以邯郸市为例

介绍了邯郸市的水资源概况,针对邯郸市水资源短缺、地下水超采和水体污染等问题,提出了发展再生水回用事业来改善现在的水资源利用状况,并通过对再生水回用的必要性及可行性分析,阐明了再生水回用事业的应用前景,肯定了发展再生水回用事业在实现邯郸市分质供水在缓解水环境日益恶化和水资源短缺这两大危机中的重要地位。     

Social Networks Derived from Affiliations and Friendships, Multi-informant and Self-reports: Stability, Concordance, Placement of Aggressive and Unpopular Children, and Centrality

This study compares three variations in how researchers construct middle childhood social networks: (1) with friendships or affiliations as a relational tie; (2) with children providing self reports of relationships, or in addition, multi-informant reports of relationships in which they are not involved; and (3) whether network computation is correlational or distance-based . The sample was 357 fourth- and fifth-grade students in 17 classrooms. The strongest differences were between self-reported friendship and affiliative networks. Results showed that compared with affiliations, friendship networks had smaller groups, more isolates, and lower fall-to-spring stability. Agreement in social placement between friendship and affiliative networks was generally average, but poor for unpopular and aggressive children. Multi-informant affiliative networks were most robust in their positioning of aggressive children. Multi-informant centrality was uniquely uncorrelated with aggression. Network computation differences were not substantial. Discussion focuses on recommendations for research and the educational promise of network technology.     

华庆地区长6深水沉积低渗透砂岩储层特征

通过大量岩芯、铸体薄片、扫面电镜及物性资料分析，对鄂尔多斯盆地华庆地区长6段砂岩的沉积特征、岩石学特征、孔渗特征、成岩作用类型、孔隙结构及孔隙类型等进行了深入研究。研究表明，以深水浊积砂体为主的长6储层具有沉积物粒度偏细、成分成熟度较低、结构成熟度中等的岩石学特点；储集空间主要是原生粒间孔隙和次生溶蚀孔隙，孔隙结构以中、小孔细喉型为主。研究区孔隙度与渗透率具有较好的正相关性，为一套典型的低孔、低渗到特低孔、特低渗的储层。     

土族研究一百年--土族社会历史、文化研究述评

本文的主要目的,是将近百年国内外学者对土族的研究分门别类地梳理并加以评述,对今后土族研究提供一个更加清晰、便利的文献综述.     

关于北方民族史研究的几个问题

长期以来,人们一直按照一源论的观点,认为中华民族文化和中华文明起源于黄河流域,北方民族的族源及其文化都是从中原地区传播而来,实际上,北方以及东北地区也是中华人类和文明发源地之一;以往的北方民族史研究,常常割断北方民族发展的继承性和连续性,把各个断代时期的某一民族,都说成是从原始野蛮时期开始,一步一步走过来,造成每个民族发展过程中的不断从头开始,实际上,北方民族发展已经形成自己的序列,发展水平具有一定的继承性和连续性,每个朝代都有新的发展和变化,并不是每一个朝代都从头开始;北方民族在发展过程中多次实现北方的统一,对中国的大统一以及中国北方疆域的奠定、巩固和开发都起到了极其重要的作用,因此,北方民族对中国历史发展的贡献不能低估。     

少数民族地区水电移民安置的特殊性问题——来自四川少数民族移民的调查

西部水电资源的开发使少数民族移民问题日益突出,政策与实践的不匹配集中体现了现行政策框架未充分考虑少数民族的特殊性。目前水电移民研究多集中于移民安置补偿、扶持政策、利益分配等一般理论与实践层次,尚缺乏针对少数民族地区水电移民特殊性的深入研究。本文欲通过对少数民族地区水电移民安置特殊性问题的分析及探讨,旨在探求适应其发展的相应政策和途径,真正实现少数民族地区资源、人和社会的和谐发展,从而促进我国西部水电资源的可持续开发。     

同质异形的神灵谱系--藏族湖神与水神关系透视

湖神与水神在藏族地区大量存在。文章从藏族民俗现实出发 ,认为水神与湖神主要有三种存在状态 :湖神与水神分离 ;水神是湖神信仰的核心 ;水神与湖神的互置。文章分析了湖神与水神信仰相异的原因。     

Health Risk,Inequality Indexes,and Environmental Justice

Inequality indexes have long been used to analyze distributions of income. Studies have recently begun to use these tools to evaluate the equity of distributions of environmental harm. In response, issues have been raised regarding the appropriateness of using income-based measures in the context of undesirable outcomes. We begin from first principles, identifying a theoretical preference structure under which income-based tools can be appropriate for ranking distributions of “bads.” While some critiques of existing applications are valid, they are not a justification for rejecting the approach altogether. Instead, we show how standard income-based measures can be adjusted to accommodate bad outcomes. Rather than inequality indexes, we argue that equally distributed equivalents (EDEs) are well-suited for this purpose since they account for levels and dispersion of outcome distributions. The Kolm–Pollak EDE is particularly useful, having the advantage of consistently evaluating both bads and their complementary goods (e.g., mortality risk and survival probability). As an illustration, we show how these tools can inform an environmental justice analysis of a proposed Environmental Protection Agency (EPA) rule addressing indoor air pollution.     

贸易开放对中国水环境污染影响的实证研究

文章基于2004-2013年中国31个省市的面板数据,采用动态面板模型和差分GMM估计方法,分别选取化学需氧量排放和氨氮排放作为水环境污染的有机污染物和无机污染物的排放指标,对贸易开放的结构效应引致的中国水环境污染排放进行了实证研究.研究结果表明,经济增长的规模和技术效应是影响水环境污染排放的主要因素,直接结构效应对中国水污染排放的影响不显著,贸易开放的结构效应也在一定程度上加剧了中国水环境污染的排放.通过引入贸易开放的相关交叉项进一步对决定贸易结构效应的比较优势来源进行识别,结果发现,对于中国水环境污染排放并不存在所谓的“污染天堂效应”和“要素禀赋效应”.贸易的结构效应会导致西部经济欠发达地区的水污染排放降低,而对中东部经济相对发达地区,贸易的结构效应会引致其水污染排放量的增大和排放强度的加剧.