库切小说的后殖民生态批评解读 — —基于动物伦理观的探讨

摘要：二十一世纪初期,生态批评领域掀起了一阵新浪潮,后殖民生态批评为文学的生态研究注入了新生力量,其中的动物研 究和动物批评维度也随之发展。库切的小说注重人与动物的伦理关系,关注动物在人类霸权下的生存困境,揭露人类理性文 明的丑陋本质。以后殖民生态批评的视角解读库切的小说,能够呼吁人类重新建立人与动物和谐的伦理关系,倡导人类敬畏 生命并给予万物人文关怀,维护动物权益     

《鱼儿佛》的佛学意蕴

湛然圆澄以禅师身份参与戏剧创作,颇具匠心。其所作杂剧《鱼儿佛》,通过金婴、妻子钟氏二人在鱼蓝观音的疏导接引下速证菩提的效应,普劝世人戒杀茹斋、念佛往生。作者通过世俗社会所喜闻乐见的戏剧样式激赏晚明甚嚣尘上的净土念佛、禅净双修和戒杀放生风气。     

Killing animals: sociology,species relations and institutionalized violence

Influential voices have argued for a sociology which acknowledges the way we are co‐constituted with a range of non‐human species as part of the condition of life on this planet. Despite this, sociology has generally retained a conception of the social that is centred on the human. This paper argues for the inclusion of non‐human animals in sociological agendas, focusing on the emerging field of the sociology of violence. It examines the institutions and processes through which non‐human animals are subjected to different forms of violence, most notably, mass killing. The practice of killing animals is routine, normative, institutionalized and globalized. The scale of killing is historically unprecedented and the numbers killed are enormous. The paper argues that this killing of non‐humans raises questions around inequalities and intersectionality, human relations with other species, the embedding of violence in everyday practices and links between micro and macro analyses. These are questions with which the new sociology of violence might engage.     

俄汉语中动植物词的文化内涵与翻译初探

词汇可以折射出民族文化的色彩 ,本文浅析俄汉语中动物词和植物词的文化内涵 ,探讨在翻译中对动植物词的不同文化内涵的理解和表达。     

论动物法律地位的应然选择

"反人类中心主义"理论认为,应当赋予动物法律人格,将其视为法律主体。但是无论从国外的立法现状,还是从环境伦理学、生物学和法哲学的维度上看,动物都应被视为法律客体。物格制度的确立,进一步明确了动物法律客体的地位,将动物视为法律客体中法律地位最高的物——生命伦理物,给予最高的法律保护。     

自然主义文学奇葩——评克莱恩的《红色英勇勋章》

克莱恩是美国自然主义文学的先驱,他的作品体现了强烈的自然主义色彩。享章从分析作品中运用的色彩、动物、各种意象以及围绕主人公亨利心理变化刻画的故事情节等方面解读其代表作《红色英勇勋章》,说明现代人的行为与自然环境主题,表现现代人的困境及人性的悲哀,表达人类在战争的环境面前无能为力的自然主义小说的主题。     

动物致人损害归责原则研究——兼评《侵权责任法(草案)》(第二稿)第80条

动物致人损害自古以来便是作为一种特殊侵权行为存在,其归责原则经历了一个发展变化的过程。通过对动物致害责任归责原则的历史考察,并结合现代社会动物致害之特点,应当采用统一的无过错责任。《侵权责任法（草案）》（第二稿）对动物园动物致害单独适用过错推定原则理论基础不足,应考虑将此条删除。     

Getting down to earth: Finding a place for nature in social work practice

Heinsch M. Getting down to earth: Finding a place for nature in social work practice According to Wilson's biophilia hypothesis, people have an innate need to associate with the natural world, and this connection can enhance their physical and psychological well‐being. This hypothesis has sparked an interest in the health benefits of human connection with non‐human nature across a wide range of disciplines backed by evidence of the role of the natural environment in enhancing human well‐being. This article summarises the literature on the health benefits of nature, arguing for the application and positive impact of a nature‐based approach in social work. It challenges practitioners to recognise and articulate the role of the physical environment in their day‐to‐day practice. Implications for social work are identified in recommendations for enhancing opportunities to include non‐human nature in future social work practice.     

Vegaphobia: derogatory discourses of veganism and the reproduction of speciesism in UK national newspapers

This paper critically examines discourses of veganism in UK national newspapers in 2007. In setting parameters for what can and cannot easily be discussed, dominant discourses also help frame understanding. Discourses relating to veganism are therefore presented as contravening commonsense, because they fall outside readily understood meat-eating discourses. Newspapers tend to discredit veganism through ridicule, or as being difficult or impossible to maintain in practice. Vegans are variously stereotyped as ascetics, faddists, sentimentalists, or in some cases, hostile extremists. The overall effect is of a derogatory portrayal of vegans and veganism that we interpret as 'vegaphobia'. We interpret derogatory discourses of veganism in UK national newspapers as evidence of the cultural reproduction of speciesism, through which veganism is dissociated from its connection with debates concerning nonhuman animals' rights or liberation. This is problematic in three, interrelated, respects. First, it empirically misrepresents the experience of veganism, and thereby marginalizes vegans. Second, it perpetuates a moral injury to omnivorous readers who are not presented with the opportunity to understand veganism and the challenge to speciesism that it contains. Third, and most seriously, it obscures and thereby reproduces exploitative and violent relations between human and nonhuman animals.     

哈代作品中的生态伦理思想

托马斯.哈代的作品中蕴含着独特的生态伦理思想：他对自然的描写,体现了生态整体观,强调人与自然的和谐一体,也控诉了工业文明和人类欲望对生态环境的破坏;他对女性的塑造,表现了女性与自然的天然联系,揭示了女性与自然都是男性、理性和工业文明的压迫对象;他赋予动物以主体性,提倡尊重动物的权利,认同动物的情感。哈代作品中的生态伦理思想虽然复杂,却并不矛盾,有着内在的统一性,既在一定程度上超越了人类中心主义,又体现了道德关注的＂同心圆＂倾向。