A Quantitative Release Assessment for the Noncommercial Movement of Companion Animals: Risk of Rabies Reintroduction to the United Kingdom

In 2004, the European Union (EU) implemented a pet movement policy (referred to here as the EUPMP) under EU regulation 998/2003. The United Kingdom (UK) was granted a temporary derogation from the policy until December 2011 and instead has in place its own Pet Movement Policy (Pet Travel Scheme (PETS)). A quantitative risk assessment (QRA) was developed to estimate the risk of rabies introduction to the UK under both schemes to quantify any change in the risk of rabies introduction should the UK harmonize with the EU policy. Assuming 100 % compliance with the regulations, moving to the EUPMP was predicted to increase the annual risk of rabies introduction to the UK by approximately 60‐fold, from 7.79 × 10^?5 (5.90 × 10^?5, 1.06 × 10^?4) under the current scheme to 4.79 × 10^?3 (4.05 × 10^?3, 5.65 × 10^?3) under the EUPMP. This corresponds to a decrease from 13,272 (9,408, 16,940) to 211 (177, 247) years between rabies introductions. The risks associated with both the schemes were predicted to increase when less than 100 % compliance was assumed, with the current scheme of PETS and quarantine being shown to be particularly sensitive to noncompliance. The results of this risk assessment, along with other evidence, formed a scientific evidence base to inform policy decision with respect to companion animal movement.     

从混沌到谐振—生态主义视域下的特德·休斯自然观研究

作为英国现代最重要的诗人之一,桂冠诗人特德·休斯以强烈的生态意识歌颂富于生机的自然原始活力,批判工业化进程给自然界带来的毁灭性的灾难。在文学创作中后期,为了给现代人的精神困顿探求出路,他用充满浪漫主义想象又极具张力的语言在作品中构建了一个“乌托邦式”的人与自然万物和谐共生的自然家园。     

中国早期有翼神兽问题研究四则

中国有翼神兽问题是艺术史研究的重要课题,文章就其出现时间以及对少数有翼神兽的识别、风格、来源以及中国有翼神兽和相关器物造型中的本土元素等问题进行了论述和评价。     

西夏法律与西夏社会——基于《天盛改旧新定律令》“畜物”条文的观察

了解西夏的法律与社会是我们研究中国十至十三世纪法律与社会不可或缺的组成部分。文章从当时的两份文契切入,这两份文契的标的物均涉及"畜物"之内容,它们都应是《天盛改旧新定律令》调整社会生活之产物。该法典中规定了大量的关于"畜物"内容的条款。历史地考察西夏社会及民情,不难得出"畜物"对当时西夏社会产生了十分重要的作用,故"畜物"成为该律令调整的重要对象。因此,大篇幅规定调整"畜物"之西夏法律与西夏社会的基本是一致的。在讨论二者关系的基础上,得出一些有利于我国法制建设的有益思考。     

评价理论视阈中《庄子》寓言与《伊索寓言》角色形象对比研究

《庄子》寓言和《伊索寓言》是中西方寓言文学的杰出代表。两部寓言均未使用概念、判断和推理等逻辑思维方式来论证说理,而是诉诸形象、故事等来阐释丰富、深刻的哲学思想和经验教训。试图以马丁等人的评价理论为指导,以《庄子》寓言和《伊索寓言》为文本语料,对比探讨两部寓言作品中动植物和非生物形象的评价意义及其实现评价功能语言资源的异同和理据,领悟庄子和伊索对现实社会人与事的态度评价,从而启迪人类思想和人生智慧。     

Love,Safety, and Companionship: The Human-Animal Bond and Latino Families

A survey found that 69.2% of a sample of 208 Latino university students in south Texas owned companion animals. Dogs were the most commonly owned companion animals, and 92% of dog and cat guardians regarded their companion animals as family members. Over 80% of the dog and cat guardians specified companionship and unconditional love as benefits offered by their animals. Eighty-six percent of dog guardians, compared to 44% of cat guardians, received a sense of safety from their animals. Assessment of the role of a companion animal in a family should guide a practitioner's decision about whether and how to include the animal in therapeutic interventions.     

关于动物权利的法学思考--兼论中国动物保护法的构建

"看家狗长期栓在铁链上"引发了作者的法学思考.文中阐述了动物能否成为法律关系主体是一个历史的概念,动物事实上享有权利(至少是伦理上的权利),动物至少享有不受虐待权、群体生命权等权利,权利冲突应得到综合平衡的双赢解决,违法犯罪救济应更具科学性和积极性.中国应顺应自然规律和国际潮流,出台全面的动物保护法,促进动物的法律保护,填补动物保护法律真空.     

近代云南瘟疫流行考述

清代以来的云南是一个瘟疫高发区,乾隆末年集中爆发,嘉庆朝至光绪朝为流行的高峰期．流行地域遍及三迤。流行瘟疫的种类有动物间瘟疫和人间瘟疫,人间瘟疫以腺鼠疫和瘴气最为严重,造成大面积人口死亡。时人认为,云南寒暑不分、地气宣泄不畅、民智落后和地震是瘟疫爆发的原因,而战乱、人口的增殖和流动速度加快、公共卫生建设落后和民众卫生观念缺失加剧了瘟疫的传播和危害。云南官民面对瘟疫流行,往往建坛打醮,求神祈祷。地方政府也采取了一些积极措施来改善公共卫生,而民国元年云南颁布的《防疫章程》,标志着近代意义上的卫生防疫体制建设取得了实质性进展。     

蒲宁笔下的乡土情怀

伊凡·蒲宁是第一个获得诺贝尔文学奖的俄罗斯作家,同时也是一位著名的乡土作家,以其创作与文本分析为基础,并从自然植物、自然动物、农民和童年等方面入手具体分析其作品中所蕴含的乡土深情。     

浅谈源于古希腊罗马神话中的英语词汇

希腊从氏族公社向奴隶社会过渡阶段创造了美丽的神话.它们在人类文化史上具有重要的地位和深远的影响.从语言学角度来看,直到今天,希腊罗马神话对欧洲人民的语言的影响也是巨大的.