析我国机动车交通事故责任强制保险制度

我国机动车交通事故责任强制保险制度具有自身的特点,但也存在着一定的设计缺陷;在正确的法律理念指导下,通过采取设立专营公司经营,优化保费确立程序,避免赔偿原则冲突,规定直接请求权,实现责任体系化,扩展受益人范围,完备救济基金立法等对策,可以有效促进该制度的完善。     

Car Occupant Life Expectancy: Car Mass and Seat Belt Effects

Average human life expectancies for the U.S. resident population are calculated using tabulated population and survival rate data. These life expectancies are recalculated assuming elimination of various types of motor vehicle fatalities using Fatal Accident Reporting System (FARS) data. The differences between the original and recalculated values provide estimates of life expectancy reductions due to the motor vehicle fatalities. These estimates are combined with prior work relating the likelihood of an occupant fatality to car mass, so that reductions in life expectancy are determined as a function of car mass. The estimates of life expectancy reductions are also used to determine the effect of seat belt use on life expectancy. The estimates, which are based on data for 1978, assume that survival rates remain unchanged. Estimates of the changes in life expectancy associated with switching from a large (1800 kg) car to a small (900 kg) car, and switching from not using to using a seat belt are presented as functions of the age at which an individual makes the switch.     

基于LabVIEW仿真设计汽车制动速度控制系统

汽车制动过程速度控制是安全设计中的关键问题.在深入研究制动过程动力学模型基础上,充分发挥LabVIEW灵活、开放、形象、直观、易操作等特点,设计了一套汽车制动器速度控制仿真系统,为汽车制动器速度控制提供了一条新的途径.     

后发工业国技术从模仿到创新的路径、动力与选择机制--基于汽车产业拉美模式、日韩模式和中国模式的比较分析

后发工业国从模仿到创新的技术战略演进路径呈现多样性,为解释后发工业国汽车产业技术演进路径差异和选择,通过构造一个以企业家精神和企业技术能力成长为主要内驱力,市场需求、技术发展和溢出为拉力、研发投入和产业激励政策为推力,高昂技术学习成本和企业创新惯例和惰性等为阻力以及市场竞争和约束性产业政策为压力的汽车产业技术演进动力模型,比较分析了后发工业国汽车产业技术演进的动力差异和选择机制,并为中国汽车产业技术能力的发展提供有益建议.     

汽车信息交换平台与行业集成供应链管理模式

本文简要介绍了基于中国汽车信息交换平台的汽车行业集成供应链管理模型,对其结构模型进行了分析,指出该管理模型对中国汽车工业发展将发挥重要作用.     

Analysing critical success factors to implement sustainable supply chain practices in Indian automobile industry: a case study

The aim of this article is to analyse the critical success factors (CSFs) behind the successful implementation of sustainable supply chain practices in Indian automobile industry. Supply chain sustainability is a critical and timely topic for the developing country like India that captures increasing concerns over sustainability, whether driven by current legislation, public interest or competitive opportunity. Identification of CSFs responsible for sustainable supply chain practices and evaluating their contextual relationships has the potential to affect future government policy, current production operations and identify new business models. In response to this, this paper intends to identify CSFs based on organisational theory and model them to implement sustainable supply chain practices in Indian automobile industry. Twenty-five CSFs to implement sustainable supply chain practices based on organisational theory are recognised by means of the literature review and in discussions with experts in one case study organisation. A solution methodology based on the interpretive structural modelling (ISM) technique is used to propose a structural model, which not only helps in understanding the contextual relationship among these CSFs, but also in determining their interdependence to implement sustainable supply chain practices. Further, the importance of CSFs has been determined based on their driving and dependence power using MICMAC analysis. Our overarching thesis is that the insights gained are useful for Indian automobile industry and would help practitioners, regulators and academicians to focus their efforts towards implementation of sustainable supply chain practices.     

“绿色经济”视角下汽车消费税的政策效应

汽车消费税是降低汽车工业能源消耗和交通污染排放的重要手段。在汽车消费税"绿色政策"效应研究理论的基础上,通过构建虚拟变量和断点回归模型对1994-2014年中国汽车行业的相关数据进行实证分析。研究发现,在短期受"价格效应"的影响,汽车消费税抑制了汽车生产及使用环节的CO2排放量,并且促进了汽车行业的技术进步;在长期"反弹效应" "市场效应" "生产效应""替换效应"和"持续效应"的共同作用下,导致政策对CO2排放量的影响表现为负向效应。此外,政策的实施在增加小排量汽车销售量的同时降低了大排量汽车的销售量,但是对3.0~4.0升（含4.0升）以及4.0升以上排量汽车的销售量没有显著影响。鉴于此,提出完善汽车税收制度的改革建议,以期为下一步的政策制定提供参考依据。     

汽车消费贷款风险分析与防范

汽车消费贷款业务的由盛到衰,一方面是由保险公司、银行自身经营管理和风险控制不到位所造成的,另一方面与汽车消费贷款制度有直接关系。因而,银行、保险公司和汽车销售商必须三方联手合作才能有效化解风险,同时建立健全的社会和个人信用保障体系和汽车信贷法律、法规体系才能促进汽车消费贷款业务的发展。     

西安市汽车产业集群发展的影响要素——基于波特钻石体系

在从波特"钻石模型"的6个要素方面对西安市汽车产业集群进行了详尽分析的基础上,确定了西安市汽车产业集群应按照"抓住‘一个中心’、立足‘两个基地’、把握‘三个重心’"的思路发展,并提出了西安市汽车产业集群发展的具体措施,为西安汽车产业集群发展提供了一定的参考依据。     

基于比较优势和企业能力理论视角的产业升级路径选择研究——以我国汽车产业为例

产业升级是当前我国经济发展面临的重要课题,本文从比较优势理论和企业能力理论出发考察产业升级的两种路径：一种是发挥比较优势为主的嵌入式产业升级路径;一种是以企业能力为核心的内生型产业升级路径。两种升级路径都各有优点和不足,从我国汽车产业发展和升级的过程来看,坚持以企业能力为主的内生拓展型产业升级路径,是未来我国产业升级的最佳选择。