读《太子成道经》三题

敦煌变文<太子成道经>叙述释迦牟尼从其母"右胁出身胎"、"袖中生"出,这与印度古代的种姓等级制度密切相关,是婆罗门教所谓不同种姓的人从梵天不同部位生出的神话之体现,"右胁"出生主要是秦汉以后"尊右卑左"观念的影响;释迦太子出生后"九龙吐水"洗浴其身,"九龙"是佛教输入后中国化的产物;释迦牟尼娶妻时所问"三从",是借用儒家提倡的妇道,来表明印度古代妇女在宗法家族中的卑微地位.     

Machine gaming in Sydney clubs: characteristics of the supporting resident populations

This research provided background for surveys and interviews in later stages of a 3 part project. It aimed to identify, from secondary research, sociodemographic characteristics which tend to support registered clubs and their machine gaming activities in the Sydney Statistical Division. Using multiple methods including Pearson's Product Moment correlation, Principal Components factor analysis, and stepwise regression, the study profiled Sydney populations which spend highly on gaming machines. The most important sociodemographic predictors of Sydney statistical local areas where per capita gaming machine expenditure is high are large proportions of the adult resident population who were born in Malta, Greece, Lebanon, China, Italy, Vietnam, Yugoslavia, India or the Philippines; have no vocational or tertiary qualifications; or are unemployed.     

Do Reports on Drinking Water Quality Affect Customers' Concerns? Experiments in Report Content

The Safe Drinking Water Act Amendments of 1996 required U.S. utilities to report on drinking water quality to their customers annually, beginning in fall 1999, on the assumption that such reports would alert them to quality problems and perhaps mobilize pressure for improvement. A random sample of New Jersey customers read alternative versions of a water quality report, in an experiment on reactions to water quality information under U.S. Environmental Protection Agency (USEPA) rules. Experiment design was 2 x 3 + 1: two versions each--one with, one without, a violation of a health standard--of a report that was (1) Qualitative (without water quality numbers, thus not meeting USEPA rules); (2) Basic, with minimal information meeting the rules; or (3) Extended, adding reading aids and utility performance information; plus a control instrument without any hypothetical report. Results of ANOVA suggest the reports will have less effect than hoped or feared. These manipulations were successful: people reading the Qualitative versions were less likely to say that the report gave the amounts of substances found in the water, and those reading Violation versions were more likely to report a violation of a health standard. The main differences in responses to the report involved the judged adequacy of the information, and to a lesser extent responses on a Concern scale (constructed from measures of concern, judged risk, clean-up intentions, distrust of utility information, and doubt that the utility was doing all it could to improve water quality). Overall judgments of water quality and utility performance did not change, either relative to the controls or in before versus after responses. Qualitative reports performed worse than others, confirming the decision to have utilities report actual contaminant levels. Extended reports did only slightly better than the Basic versions on these measures. Many respondents had trouble identifying the presence or absence of substance amounts or violations, despite their seeming obviousness (e.g., in a "bottom line" summary on the front page of each report), suggesting many were not processing this information carefully. However, the pattern of responses for those who accurately identified the presence or absence of substance amounts or violations did not differ substantially from that for the group as a whole. Generic risk beliefs (serious local environmental problems; lack of control over risks to one's health) dominated demographic variables, attitudes toward utility water quality or trustworthiness, and the content and format of water quality reports in influencing concern about drinking water quality. Previous empirical and theoretical evidence for lack of change in public risk attitudes due to one-time or infrequent communications--e.g., role of personal experience, perseverance of prior trust or distrust--seems to be confirmed for annual water quality reports.     

打破传统模式 培养创新人才--"高师美术教育专业水彩画符号、图式建构教学的研究与实践"总结

高师美术教育专业培养模式与培养具有创新性的新型城乡中学美术教师的宗旨相背已久.从基础水彩画课入手进行符号、图式建构教学的研究与实践,有利于该专业课程体系改革的全面实施,进而打破传统培养模式,为城乡中学输送具有审美能力、创新能力的新型人才.     

温斯特指数平滑法在水资源预测中的应用

水资源是人们赖以生存的必需物质。水资源的短缺已经严重影响经济的增长和人们的日常生活。文章基于温斯特指数平滑法理论,对我国九大流域水资源的使用做出预测模型,可以根据历史数据准确预测九大流域下一年度的用水总量和供水总量。这样,可以为管理部门制定符合实际的水资源调配政策提供依据,并且使九大流域地区的人们更高效地利用有限的水资源。     

车灯反射镜充液拉深液压机的设计

在对车灯反射镜充液拉深工艺数值模拟优化及实验的基础上,研究设计车灯反射镜充液拉深液压机.利用液压提供凸模拉深力、压边力以及凹模容腔压力;通过PLC(可编程控制器)来控制凸模运动、压边力和凹模容腔压力按照规定的曲线实时的变化.结果表明,充液拉深液压机具有体积小、易操作、高精度和高效率等优点.     

论建筑技术和艺术对早期玻璃幕墙的影响

通过对近现代建筑玻璃幕墙的产生和发展变化的研究,在深入细致地研究建筑所用的金属和玻璃的前提下,按着时间顺序,探讨建筑技术和艺术对早期玻璃幕墙的产生和发展变化的影响。     

Combining Occurrence and Toxicity Information to Identify Priorities for Drinking-Water Mixture Research

Characterizing all possible chemical mixtures in drinking water is a potentially overwhelming project, and the task of assessing each mixture's net toxicity even more daunting. We propose that analyzing occurrence information on mixtures in drinking water may help to narrow the priorities and inform the approaches taken by researchers in mixture toxicology. To illustrate the utility of environmental data for refining the mixtures problem, we use a recent compilation of national ground-water-quality data to examine proposed U.S. Environmental Protection Agency (EPA) and Agency for Toxic Substances and Disease Registry (ATSDR) models of noncancer mixture toxicity. We use data on the occurrence of binary and ternary mixtures of arsenic, cadmium, and manganese to parameterize an additive model and compute hazard index scores for each drinking-water source in the data set. We also use partially parameterized interaction models to perform a bounding analysis estimating the interaction potential of several binary and ternary mixtures for which the toxicological literature is limited. From these results, we estimate a relative value of additional toxicological information for each mixture. For example, we find that according to the U.S. EPA's interaction model, the levels of arsenic and cadmium found in U.S. drinking water are unlikely to have synergistic cardiovascular effects, but the same mixture's potential for synergistic neurological effects merits further study. Similar analysis could in future be used to prioritize toxicological studies based on their potential to reduce scientific and regulatory uncertainty. Environmental data may also provide a means to explore the implications of alternative risk models for the toxicity and interaction of complex mixtures.     

浙江省高校水上救生现状与发展对策研究

采用文献资料法、调查法、数理统计法、比较法以及系统分析法，对浙江省高校水上救生现状及存在的问题进行分析与研究，发现高校水上救生存在着学校重视不够，大学生救生意识淡薄，救生宣传和救生员培养滞后等问题。应进一步完善高校水上救生员培训体制和管理体制，形成规范、有序的游泳池管理体系，减少和避免溺水事故。     

经义考辨五篇

考辨了儒家的“逝者如斯夫”、“天下归仁”、“可欲之谓善”、“万物皆备于我”、格物之“格”五句经典之义。