不同家庭结构中的老年人主观生活评价分析——基于贵阳市调查数据的实证检验

利用贵阳市调查数据,对不同家庭结构中的老年人生活状况和生活满意度进行分析。文章假定:主干家庭中的老年人生活状况及满意度高于核心家庭,而核心家庭高于夫妇家庭和单身家庭。即:主干家庭>核心家庭>夫妇家庭>单身家庭(">"表示优于)。并从老年人对其生活状况(包括经济状况、生活照料、精神慰藉)和生活满意度的主观感受和评价来考察这一假定。结果发现:夫妇家庭中的老年人主观生活状况及满意度最高,单身老年人次之。新的次序变为:夫妇家庭>单身家庭>主干家庭>核心家庭。文章对此进行了解释。分析还发现,生活自由度可能是影响老年人主观生活评价的一个重要指标。     

Theorizing the lesbian hashtag: Identity,community, and the technological imperative to name the sexual self

This analysis integrates poststructuralist and symbolic interactionist approaches to the self by incorporating the insights of science and technology studies regarding categorization processes. While the advent of the Internet has freed many individuals from geographical constraints on community formation, the architectures of online platforms produce a technological imperative to name aspects of the self with words. Using sexual identity hashtags on Instagram (e.g., #lesbian) thus performs paradoxical functions: the hashtag both enables the construction of a sexual identity within an affirming community and also reinforces the power relations that compel individuals to name and account for their sexual selves. By illustrating one way sexual identities function in the online lives of young women, this research complicates other scholars' findings that the salience of sexual identity categories is decreasing.     

RESEARCH NOTE Some evidence against the assumption that approval of family planning is associated with frequency of spouses' discussion of the subject

Much previous work on the relationship between respondent's reported frequency of discussion with spouse about family planning and correctness of reporting spouse's approval of family planning has led to the conclusion that discussion promotes approval. In this paper, data from the 1998 Kenya Demographic and Health Surveys are used to show that a focus on the relationship between frequency of discussion and correctness of reporting partner's disapproval of family planning leads to sceptical conclusions about the effects of discussion in improving knowledge of partner's attitude or in promoting approval.     

An Enhanced Double MEWMA Controller for Drifted MIMO Systems

For a drifted multiple-input and multiple-output (MIMO) system, the double multivariate exponentially weighted moving average (dMEWMA) controller is a popular run-to-run (RTR) controller for adjusting the process mean to a desired target. The stability and performance of dMEWMA controller had been widely studied in literature. Although the dMEWMA controller (with suitable discount matrices) can guarantee long-term stability, it usually requires a moderately large number of runs to bring the process output to approach its desired target if the initial recipe is not chosen appropriately. Due to the initial recipe possibly having an infinite number of feasible solutions for MIMO systems, “how to determine an optimal setting for the initial recipe” turns out to be an interesting research topic. In this article, by solving a constrained optimization problem, we first obtain an optimal initial setting for the input recipe. Then, motivated by this setting, we propose an enhanced dMEWMA controller. The long-term stability conditions and short-term performance of the proposed controller are also addressed. Given a fixed and finite production run, it reveals that the proposed controller has the ability of reducing total mean squared error (TMSE) better than the conventional dMEWMA controller.     

Chronic Musculoskeletal Pain:

Two diseases, osteoporosis and osteoarthritis, are responsible for a majority of the chronic musculoskeletal pain that older women experience. Osteoporosis is the metabolic bone disease most common in older women and is responsible for fractures, kyphosis, and chronic pain. Osteoarthritis, the most commonly diagnosed musculoskeletal problem in older women, causes degeneration of the weight-bearing joints in the body, resulting in limited function and chronic pain. In this paper, these and other common disorders are briefly described and typical coping strategies used by older women in pain are reviewed. In addition, potential multidisciplinary treatment regimens are discussed.     

边界沉思

提出一种关于一类感知反应系统演化的边界研究思路和方法,其主要内容为:系统的复杂性主要是由系统与环境之间的相互作用关系产生的,因此在系统边界上聚集着关于系统演化的重要特性;系统中的捕获力和游离力之间的竞争造就了一条"色谱边界”,其中包含着极其丰富的层次性;"色谱边界”上的要素以感知反应的方式推动系统的结构重组,从而促使系统实现突现或塌陷,完成一次演化过程.     

The ℓ1 oblique procrustes problem

In this paper, we reconsider the well-known oblique Procrustes problem where the usual least-squares objective function is replaced by a more robust discrepancy measure, based on the ₁ norm or smooth approximations of it.We propose two approaches to the solution of this problem. One approach is based on convex analysis and uses the structure of the problem to permit a solution to the ₁ norm problem. An alternative approach is to smooth the problem by working with smooth approximations to the ₁ norm, and this leads to a solution process based on the solution of ordinary differential equations on manifolds. The general weighted Procrustes problem (both orthogonal and oblique) can also be solved by the latter approach. Numerical examples to illustrate the algorithms which have been developed are reported and analyzed.     

对新《婚姻法》离婚条件的评论

《婚姻法》修改后 ,离婚的条件和标准较前更明确、规范 ,具有更好的实践操作性 ,显示了其突出的进步 ,但并未形成历史性的突破。实际上 ,更主要的表现为对原有法律规定和司法解释的完善 ,社会生活实践的客观要求和学术理论界的研究成果并未能在立法上得到充分体现。现行《婚姻法》关于登记离婚和诉讼离婚条件的规定 ,较前《婚姻法》的规定有很大进步 ,但仍存在一些不足与缺陷。     

论累犯构成中的法域条件

累犯的法域条件,是指行为人所受到的外国刑罚处罚能否作为构成累犯的前罪条件问题,在我国"一国两制"条件下,还应包括行为人所受到的我国港澳台地区的刑罚处罚能否作为大陆地区累犯构成的前罪条件问题。我国刑事立法上应有限度承认行为人在国外或港澳台地区所受刑罚处罚的效力,使国外或港澳台地区受过的刑罚处罚能成为我国累犯构成之前罪条件;在承认国外或港澳台地区受过的刑罚处罚时,应将该前罪在国外或港澳台地区所受之刑罚和我国大陆地区对该前罪所判之刑罚看作一个连续的整体。     

谈我国收养条件立法的缺憾及重构

从保护儿童利益的角度出发,我国收养条件立法应该在一定范围予以重构。具体需完善的有以下几个方面:放宽对被收养人限制;禁止无配偶者收养子女;对查找不到生父母的弃婴与儿童不应区别对待,严格继父母收养继子女的收养条件。