我国信息披露民事责任制度的完善——以因果关系和信赖推定为中心

信息披露民事责任制度是我国证券法中的重要组成部分,其完善的核心在于因果关系要件,而因果关系的认定与重大性标准和信赖推定原则密切相关,因此,有必要结合法理学及司法实践对两者进行细致解析。本文认为可将重大性标准排除在因果关系认定标准之外,而信赖推定原则以欺诈市场理论为经济学基础,具有诸多可借鉴性。     

浅论我国行政赔偿的范围

随着我国社会的发展出现的新情况以及《国家赔偿法》本身的原因,行政赔偿的不足表现在:行政赔偿归责原则单一;抽象行政行为被排除在侵权损害赔偿之外;精神损害赔偿的缺失;不作为和怠慢行政赔偿;赔偿标准不够完善等一系列问题。究其原因主要是:传统官本位思想的制约以及当今执政理念的宣传教化;国家财政负担问题;相关法学理论的不成熟;国家行政机关的强势地位等。结合行政赔偿范围的缺陷和原因,给出相关建议。     

优化中国企业对欧盟市场的出口进入方式

中国对欧盟的巨额贸易顺差令欧盟感到不满，欧盟对华反倾销措施、种类繁杂的技术性贸易壁垒是中国企业面临的主要问题，另外，被较多采用的间接出口方式不利于中国企业对欧盟出口的可持续发展。要想优化对欧盟市场的出口进入方式，中国企业要深入了解欧盟市场对内自由、对外统一的实质，熟悉欧盟共同商业政策，提供符合欧盟标准的商品，积极应对、合理规避欧盟反倾销措施，采用间接出口与直接出口相结合并且更多采用直接出口的方法。     

Union organizing effort and success in the U.S., 1948–2004

While union density in the public sector has increased in recent decades, private sector union density in the U.S. has declined steadily since the mid-1950s. Scholars have evoked a variety of explanations to account for the decline in union membership, but substantially less attention has been devoted to understanding the contribution of the union organizing process as governed by the National Labor Relations Board (NLRB). In this paper, we focus on two aspects of this process: union organizing effort (the effort to establish union representation elections to organize non-unionized workers) and union organizing success (success in winning union representation elections). Using annual time series data for the U.S. from 1948 to 2004, we show that there has been a long-term decline in both union organizing effort and union organizing success, which likely contributes to declining union density. We focus on three explanations for these changes: the political–legal environment for unions, deindustrialization and globalization, and employer opposition to unionization efforts. We find that each of these factors contributes to organizing effort and success and conclude with a discussion of the implications of this research for future mobilization efforts.     

当前一些语言现象与语言规范

语言规范是任何语言都必须具有的。但语言规范又都不能脱离语言应用和语言发展的实际。一般意义上的语言规范是针对全社会共同使用的全民通用语言文字的规范而言。某些在一定范围内通行的行业专门用语 ,影响通用语言的规范 ,不必加以考虑。当前网络上的某些稀奇古怪的语言现象 ,既在一定程度上具有行业用语的性质 ,却又不完全等同于行业用语。这些稀奇古怪的语言文字随时都可能进入千家万户 ,我们必须加以分析 ,分别不同情况 ,认真对待。当前广告用语中出现的无视语言规范、乱改成语和习惯用语的现象 ,属明知故犯 ,是有意践踏通用语言规范的行为 ,理应受到舆论的谴责     

Social Studies Teachers’ Organization

Recent innovations in Web-based technology tools have made planning instruction with technology in mind far more doable than in years past. To aid teachers in planning with technology, tools are organized into five broad categories: communication, collaboration, presentation, organization and critical-thinking. The purpose and potential of each group of tools is explored and utilized in the development of a technology-rich unit plan on medieval China.     

无线移动自组网混合式密钥管理方案研究

基于门限机制的密钥管理方案能提供高的安全性,但认证成功率较低,可扩展性差;基于证书链的密钥管理方案适合自组网的特点,但其安全性仅取决于证书链中节点的信任度,不能满足高安全要求的应用环境。该文提出了门限机制和证书链信任值方法相结合的混合式密钥管理和认证方案,在增加少量通信量的情况下,方案提高了自组网的认证成功率和系统的安全性,较好地平衡了自组网的安全性和认证成功率,满足自组网应用的安全要求。     

IS09000"八项原则"在新建本科院校教学质量监控中的运用

依据ISO9000标准"八项原则",在探索影响新建本科院校专业人才培养质量的关键因素、主要质量控制点、质量评价标准的基础上,力求将目标管理与过程管理、质量评价与质量监控合为一体,设计出新建本科院校教学质量监控的要素与结构,构建教学质量监控的基本模式,建立具有可操作性的教学质量监控的管理方法。     

江苏茶农选择有机种植方式的影响因素分析

有机种植方式影响有机产品的产量、价格和成本,同时生产者必须每年进行有机认证,而认证的费用是一笔固定的支出。如何使生产者自愿参加认证,从最基本的经济学角度分析,只要价格、产量和成本变动所带来的收益能够弥补由于认证所带来的固定费用的支出,那么生产者就有可能选择有机种植方式,参加有机认证。产量、成本和收益都是种植规模的函数,可以推论,生产者是否选择有机种植方式、参加有机认证,其种植规模的大小是一个重要的原因。本文从规模入手,试图寻找一个“门槛面积”,认为达到或超过该面积的生产者就有可能自愿采用有机种植方式。     

Consistency and Change in Children's Tattling on their Siblings: Children's Perspectives on the Moral Rules and Procedures of Family Life

Children's tattling on their siblings was observed in 39 families when children were 2- and 4- and 4- and 6-years of age. Tattling was more frequent among older siblings, and increased across time, despite a corresponding decrease in sibling transgressions against one another and an increase in parents' negative reactions to tattling. Tattling was largely truthful, implicit in form, and more likely to concern transgressions of what parents also regarded as more important standards. Among 4- and 6-year-olds, tattling was related to children's negative behaviour to one another and equally likely when children faced ongoing conflict issues and when they merely wished to inform parents of sibling wrongdoing. Parents generally allowed their children to tattle on one another, rarely reprimanded tattlers, but responded to the information contained in the tattlers' reports. The parents' responses were related to the quality of their children's tattling, but the children's tattling was unrelated to the likelihood that parents would react either positively or negatively to it. Results are discussed in terms of the place of tattling within the family system, with emphasis on the children's understanding of the implications of their parents' involvement in their own disputes.