Circular balanced repeated measurements designs

The concept of a circular design is defined and when proper balance for various effects is assumed, its universal optimality is proved over the class of all designs with the same set of parameters, Such designs are shown to minimize the variance of the best linear unbiased estimators of contrasts of residual and direct effects over the class of equireplicated designs. All models assume first order residual effects and are of a circular nature. The proofs are presented in a unified manner for several models at a time. They are based on certain matrix domination which occurs when parameters are eliminated from a linear modelj this latter fact is proved for a general linear model.     

Multivariate-multiple circular regression

We introduce a fully model-based approach of studying functional relationships between a multivariate circular-dependent variable and several circular covariates, enabling inference regarding all model parameters and related prediction. Two multiple circular regression models are presented for this approach. First, for an univariate circular-dependent variable, we propose the least circular mean-square error (LCMSE) estimation method, and asymptotic properties of the LCMSE estimators and inferential methods are developed and illustrated. Second, using a simulation study, we provide some practical suggestions for model selection between the two models. An illustrative example is given using a real data set from protein structure prediction problem. Finally, a straightforward extension to the case with a multivariate-dependent circular variable is provided.     

Optimal Block Designs With Interference Effects From Neighboring Units Under a Non Additive Model

Here, the optimality of block design with interference effect from neighboring unit under a general non additive model is investigated, which allows for the presence of interactions among the treatments applied in the adjacent plots. A non additive model with interference × direct effects of treatments is considered as these effects contribute significantly to the response. A class of complete block designs balanced for interference effects from left neighboring unit is shown to be universally optimal for the estimation of direct and interference effects of treatments and two such series of designs have been constructed. Furthermore, considering direct treatment × block non additivity with interference effects, the optimality is studied and the optimal designs are obtained.     

Designs balanced for circular residual effects

Magda (1980) introduced a model for repeated measurements designs with a circular structure of the residual effects. He proved the universal optimality of circular balanced uniform designs over a subclass of the possible designs. We strengthen his result to optimality over the set of all designs with the same number of experimental units, periods and treatments.     

循环经济活动的判定和支持原则——以A公司为例

国家对循环经济的发展十分重视，循环经济试点企业的申报和评审工作还将继续，但目前对循环经济活动的判定还不是很清楚。笔者以循环经济的内涵界定为基础，提出了循环经济活动的判定原则和优先支持原则，并以A公司为例，大大提高资源利用率的工艺改革活动以及冶炼设备的改造利用。尾气吸收装置的投入、废水的再利用等活动是循环经济活动，新产品的开发不一定是循环经济活动，如A公司铜粉的开发不是循环经济活动，同时指出铜渣、废水的循环利用、高砷烟尘的稳定处理等应是政府优先支持的循环经济活动。     

用循环经济理论指导中国矿业发展的思考

中共中央十八大明确提出要建设生态文明,而实现这一目标的有效路径之一就是大力发展循环经济。循环经济是一种把依赖资源消耗的线形增长模式转变为依靠生态型资源循环来发展的经济,它遵循“减量化、再利用、再循环”三个基本原则。生态文明建设需要运用循环经济理论做指导,生态文明建设也是循环经济发展的目标和方向。矿业是国民经济的基础产业,是中国经济社会可持续发展的重要物质保障。循环经济理论不仅是矿业发展的有效指导,而且是实现经济腾飞、实现经济效益与生态效益相结合的助推剂和倍增器。树立科学的循环经济的矿产新资源观,分阶段、分层、系统推进矿产资源循环经济发展,实施技术创新、推行清洁生产,完善循环经济政策法规,构建高效运作的协调管理体制,是建设美丽中国、矿业发展的必然要求。     

Robustness of tests for directional mean

In this paper we study the robustness of the likelihood ratio, circular mean and circular trimmed mean test functionals in the context of tests of hypotheses regarding the mean direction of circular normal and wrapped normal distributions. We compute the level and power breakdown properties of the three test functionals and compare them. We find that the circular trimmed mean test functional has the best robustness properties for both the above-mentioned distributions. The level and power properties of the test statistics corresponding to these functionals are also studied. Two examples with real data are given for illustration. We also consider the problem of testing the mean direction of the von-Mises–Fisher distribution on the unit sphere and explore the robustness properties of the spherical mean direction and likelihood ratio test functionals.     

Facilitating labour migration from Latvia: strategies of various categories of intermediaries

ABSTRACT

Within the broad category of migration industries, we focus on intermediaries between employers in Norway requiring migrant labour, and suppliers of Latvian workers willing to migrate. Mediation of labour power is a regulated domain in both countries, but regulations may change: regulations in Latvia have become more lenient, whereas in Norway, they have become stricter in response to increased migration. Intermediaries must be responsive to fluctuations in labour supply and demand, as well as to changing regulations. Today, destination countries are experiencing an overabundance of available migrant labour. This buyer’s labour market represents a challenge for intermediaries, spurring adjustments and side-stepping of regulations. Formal temp agencies are supplemented by informal ones, challenging the conceptualisation of intermediaries. Also work migrants may become agents, shaping new forms of intermediation and expanding the concept of ‘migration industry’ to encompass facilitation of labour migration through social networks. In this article, we construct typologies inductively, establishing categories meaningful in the complex context of labour migration from Latvia to Norway. We distinguish between mediation through formal versus informal agencies, establish characteristics of agencies versus individual social network-based mediation and discuss mediation through the posting of workers by companies.     

辽宁省节能减排的难点及对策研究

节能减排是可持续发展的必然选择。为推进辽宁省节能减排工作,针对目前辽宁省节能减排存在的问题,深入分析节能减排面临的难点,包括能源消费与能源供给的矛盾严重、产业结构不合理、农村环境污染严重、节能减排基础工作薄弱等,并从发展循环经济、优化产品结构、完善节能减排体系、积极引进市场调节机制等方面提出对策建议。     

利用脱硫石膏改造盐碱地的循环经济模式

利用燃煤电厂脱硫石膏改良盐碱地对于确保国家粮食安全和生态安全,发展循环经济具有重要意义,已经引起国内外的广泛关注.选择具有典型代表性的白城市盐碱化土壤,采用田间试验进行施用脱硫石膏改良碱化土壤的效果研究.研究表明施用脱硫石膏,对降低土壤碱化度和pH值,提高农作物出苗率和产量有明显效果.利用电厂脱硫石膏改造盐碱地,是将工业污染排放物组织成一个"资源-产品-再生资源"的模式.