新型职业农民:成长轨迹、影响因素及培育策略——基于19个省市39位新型职业农民生命历程的分析

通过对全国19个省市39位优秀新型职业农民的生命历程进行分析,发现其成长轨迹呈现出折勾型、倒梯型、V字型、阶梯型以及N字型五种类型,并且不同来源、不同世代的新型职业农民成长轨迹具有一定的差异性。究其原因,新型职业农民终身发展的动力支撑显得不足;新型职业农民的个体主观能动性得到了充分的发挥;政府扶持与引领作用有待继续加强;新型职业农民培育时机并未得到恰当的把握;影响新型职业农民成长的相关利益主体分布比较广泛。针对以上情况,提出新型职业农民的培育策略:强化政府主导力量,增强新型职业农民职业吸引力;吸收年轻优秀群体,壮大新型职业农民的新生力量;重视人地实际需求,把握新型职业农民培育的时机。     

保险素养、收入差异与农民商业保险参与

乡村振兴战略的实施激发了农民在“医、养、住、行”等方面对美好生活的追求,与之对应的各类保险保障需求也随之涌现。对保险素养影响农民商业保险参与的机理进行了阐释,并使用陕西省565户农户的调查数据,实证检验了保险素养对农民商业保险参与选择的影响,以及农民个人收入差异对保险素养影响其商业保险参与的调节效应。研究表明,保险素养会显著促使农民商业保险参与概率增加3.1%。此外,个人经济收入差异对保险素养促进农民商业保险参与并未发挥出调节作用,即提升个人收入水平并不会增强保险素养对农民商业保险参与的促进作用。因此,有必要采取提高农民保险素养、有针对性地开发设计符合农民诉求的保险产品等措施促进农民商业保险消费,进而促进商业保险在农村地区的发展。     

歧义容忍度对外语语言水平和外语阅读成绩的影响

为探讨歧义容忍度对外语语言水平和外语阅读成绩的影响,对高、低歧义容忍度组在外语语言水平和外语阅读成绩上的差异进行了比较。结果表明：歧义容忍度直接影响外语语言水平和外语阅读成绩,还通过外语语言水平间接影响外语阅读成绩;高、低歧义容忍度纽的学生在外语语言水平和外语阅读成绩上均有显著性差异。     

传统民居色彩研究

针对传统民居色彩进行专项研究,试图通过一新的层面,即以民居色彩为一个整体效应来分析其形成因素和特征.依托四季色彩理论、色彩学、色彩地理学等相关学科,提出了色彩群理念,辨析了色彩群的内涵以及外延;并以不同的观察状态分析不同地域传统民居色彩群的特质.     

“乡下人进城”文学叙事的政治伦理遮蔽与还原--以《我们夫妇之间》、《霓虹灯下的哨兵》为中心

萧也牧的《我们夫妇之间》和沈西蒙、漠雁、吕兴臣编剧的九场话剧《霓虹灯下的哨兵》是较早的“乡下人进城”作品.《我》的饱受争议与《霓》剧的名噪一时形成了鲜明的反差,这源于二者对城乡日常生活方式差异的不同想象.经由这一文学现象的考察,可见当代城乡差异叙事逐渐剥离阶级、国家意识的遮蔽与替代转向不同身份的生命的“生”的个体差异.“差异”的历史衍义折射了国家、阶级、民族宏大叙事的祛魅以及对生命本体差异现状的正视与回归.透视“差异”衍义的审美经验背后的政治,可知进城的乡下人在创造生活的同时也在创造一种历史.     

90年代以来甘肃省人力资本水平空间差异探讨

随着知识生产与创造的高素质科技劳动者逐步成为一个地区能否吸引现代经济活动的关键．人力资本在区域经济增长中越来越受到人们的关注。文章从时间和空间两方面入手．探讨了90年代以来甘肃省人力资本水平的空间差异及其变化状况。结果表明：甘肃省区域人力资本水平得到明显提高。人力资本水平的地理空间格局由1990年的中部高、西北和东南部低的“凸”字形分布渐渐转向2000年的中西北部高。而东南部低的倾斜式分布：区域人力资本水平差异仍然较大，其增长幅度的区域差异也十分显著。文章还就人力资本差异的形成机制进行了探讨，并提出了促使区域人力资本可持续发展的相关建议和对策。     

言语交际中的外部差异因素及其语用策略

汉语言语交际中的语用外部差异因素,主要是指交际双方使用语的文化程度差异、习俗差异、音义差异以及说话人社会地位的不同、年龄差异和信仰方面的差异。针对导致语用外部差异的因素制定语用对策,应遵循以下几大规则：顺应语境避免差异;理解并消解语用差异;尊重对方思维的合理性等。     

Beyond the dilemmas of multiculturalism: recognition through ‘relational reason’

Recent sociological research has shown that the ideology of multiculturalism, after having been adopted as official policy in many countries, has generated more negative than positive effects (fragmentation of society, separation of minorities, cultural relativism). This article discusses the possible alternatives to multiculturalism, asking whether the path of interculturality can be a solution or not. The idea of interculturality has the advantage of stressing the inter, namely what lies in between different cultures. But it does not yet possess a conceptual and effective means to understand and handle the problems of the public sphere. To go over the failures of multiculturalism and the fragilities of interculturality, a lay approach to the coexistence of cultures is required, which is able to give strength back to Reason, through a new semantics of inter-human diversity. The author suggests the development of ‘relational reason’, beyond the forms of rationality already known. To make human reason relational might be the best way to imagine a social order which is able to humanize the globalizing processes and the increasing migrations.     

日韩留学生颜色词联想的比较研究

选取日本和韩国留学生各80人作为被试，选定白、红、黄、蓝、紫和粉红6个基本颜色词，制成颜色词的自由联想问卷；采用自由联想和跨文化比较等方法，比较日韩留学生对这些颜色词的联想在具体、抽象及情绪维度上的差异，有助于认识他们的心理特征和民族文化特征。     

Ranking paired contestants

The ranking of paired contestants (players) after a series of contests is difficult when every player does not play every other player. In the 1975 JASA Mark Thompson presented a maximum likelihood solution based on the assumption that the probability of any one player defeating any other is a function only of the difference in their ranks. Here the linear approximation to that likelihood is shown to lead to a nonparametric measure of the efficacy of the ranking, called the net difference in ranks (NDR) , which is the sum of the differences in ranks of the paired players in the observed contests that agree with the ranking minus the sum of the differences in ranks in the observed contests that disagree with the ranking (upsets) . The subject is part of a large literature that has been consolidated by H.A. David in The Method of Paired Comparisons (1963, 1988). The method was introduced by the psychophysicist Fechner in 1860 and has been widely applied to sensory testing,