甘肃省老年服务体系发展研究

为了有效应对日益严峻的人口老龄化问题,甘肃省建立了以居家为基础、社区服务为依托、机构养老为补充的养老服务体系。但甘肃省养老服务体系建设尚处在初步阶段,与人民群众日益增长的养老服务需求还存在不小差距。本文从进一步对甘肃省养老服务机构建设予以倾斜支持,政府层面出台扶持民办养老机构的文件,加大养老护理员队伍建设力度等方面提出对策建议。     

Optimization models for degrouping population data

In certain countries population data are available in grouped form only, usually as quinquennial age groups plus a large open-ended range for the elderly. However, official statistics call for data by individual age since many statistical operations, such as the calculation of demographic indicators, require the use of ungrouped population data. In this paper a number of mathematical models are proposed which, starting from population data given in age groups, enable these ranges to be degrouped into age-specific population values without leaving a fractional part. Unlike other existing procedures for disaggregating demographic data, ours makes it possible to process several years' data simultaneously in a coherent way, and provides accurate results longitudinally as well as transversally. This procedure is also shown to be helpful in dealing with degrouped population data affected by noise, such as those affected by the age-heaping phenomenon.     

Capability indices for Birnbaum–Saunders processes applied to electronic and food industries

Process capability indices (PCIs) are tools widely used by the industries to determine the quality of their products and the performance of their manufacturing processes. Classic versions of these indices were constructed for processes whose quality characteristics have a normal distribution. In practice, many of these characteristics do not follow this distribution. In such a case, the classic PCIs must be modified to take into account the non-normality. Ignoring the effect of this non-normality can lead to misinterpretation of the process capability and ill-advised business decisions. An asymmetric non-normal model that is receiving considerable attention due to its good properties is the Birnbaum–Saunders (BS) distribution. We propose, develop, implement and apply a methodology based on PCIs for BS processes considering estimation, parametric inference, bootstrap and optimization tools. This methodology is implemented in the statistical software {\tt R}. A simulation study is conducted to evaluate its performance. Real-world case studies with applications for three data sets are carried out to illustrate its potentiality. One of these data sets was already published and is associated with the electronic industry, whereas the other two are unpublished and associated with the food industry.     

学前教育专业学生人文素养课程方案优化设计——以大庆师范学院为例

人文素养是大学生核心素养的重要构成部分,科学合理的课程设计是人文素养培育的关键,是深化高校“立德树人”的必然要求。基于此,本文结合大庆师范学院学前教育专业人文素养引导课程教学实践的一些经验,从课程目标、课程内容、教学模式、实施策略、总结提升五个环节,优化学前教育专业学生人文素养课程方案设计,促成学前教育专业学生对真、善、美的正确认知,把控正确的人生观、价值观和世界观,唤醒忧患意识,形成自律文化,自觉践行力行,勇于承担责任,培养社会主义新时代全面发展的人,为学前教育专业教育教学改革和培养卓越幼儿教师起到支撑与护航作用。     

推进建制镇规模等级结构优化升级

建国后建制镇的规模等级结构演变以1984年为界划分为前后两大阶段。近20年来建制镇的数量得到了长足的增长,目前应着手推进建制镇规模等级结构的优化升级,促使其逐步从以数量增长为主要特征的粗放型发展方式向以规模扩大和质量提高为主要特征的集约型发展方式转化。     

资金约束供应链中的融资优化与营运管理协同决策研究

基于供应商主导的Stackelberg博弈假设,对单一供应商和单一零售商组成的二级供应链中三种购销营运模式(预订购、委托代销和组合模式)的运作及契约双方的博弈顺序进行了分析,并构建了供应链融资和营运协同决策模型。研究表明,资金充足供应链中,供应商的最优状况相当于传统报童模型下的优化问题,且会采用委托代销营运模式。为实现最优决策,资金约束供应商会采用外部融资和供应链内部资金转让的组合融资方案,且会选择预订购和委托代销组合营运策略。资金约束供应链中供应商愿意与零售商分担产品市场风险,激励零售商预订购,增加供应链的整体收益。     

教育产品差别定价模型的优化分析

学费定价在教育经济学领域展开了激烈的大讨论,教育产品差别定价是教育领域研究视角上的一个创新。首先对国内外已有文献资料进行了梳理,对教育产品差别定价的方法及模型构建方面进行了综述,其中发现各国在确定学费标准问题上都存在困难;其次,针对已有的教育产品差别定价模型,建立一个教育产品收益模型来优化教育产品差别定价;最后,通过对模型的优化,最终实现我国教育产品服务的公平和公正,进一步规范教育产品差别定价具有重要意义。     

制造业服务化转型:挑战、路径与对策

随着全球化经济和信息化技术的发展,顾客消费已从基于产品的功能性消费向基于服务的体验性消费转变,制造业服务化成为制造企业获取核心竞争力、产业结构优化升级以及提升中国综合实力的必然手段。在分析制造业服务化转型理论与实践的基础上,归纳总结我国制造业服务化面临的挑战,提出服务化转型的路径,并从产业和企业两方面给出具体对策。     

战略性新兴产业对河北省产业结构优化作用实证分析

当前河北省经济发展正处于转型调整的关键时期,消减过剩产能和经济增长压力并存,如何进一步推动战略性新兴产业深入发展,优化产业结构,是一个重要课题。运用计量经济方法实证分析河北省战略性新兴产业发展对产业结构的优化作用,结果表明:战略性新兴产业的快速发展,促进了河北省产业结构优化,对三次产业劳动力结构、第二产业生产率结构、能耗结构的优化作用也较为明显。大力发展战略性新兴产业是促进河北省产业结构优化的必然选择。     

改进粒子群算法在空压机联动控制中的应用

针对空压机控制系统中的节能减排、均衡调度和管网压力波动等问题,提出了空压机联动控制的多目标优化调 度模型,并以改进惯性权重的粒子群算法进行求解。以灰色系统理论中的灰色关联度作为改进粒子群算法的适应度函 数,对影响空压机联动系统的机组功耗、生产均衡调度和管网压力波动等多目标进行了优化求解。引入的非线性动态调 整惯性权重策略改进了算法的全局收敛能力,有效地提高了粒子搜索过程中的智能性。通过某饮料罐装车间的技术改 造,证明了本算法的有效性。