构建我国公共财政模式的条件分析

所有制结构和市场化水平是构建公共财政模式的两个基本条件。分析我国所有制结构和市场化水平,目前尚达不到西方国家意义上的公共财政所要求的条件。现阶段我国可以采用的公共财政模式,只能是传统的计划财政模式与西方式的公共财政模式中间的某一种模式。     

Household Structure and Living Conditions in Nigeria

Data on 7,632 households from the 1999 Nigeria Demographic and Health Survey are used to examine household structure and living conditions in Nigeria. The study finds significant disadvantage in living conditions of single‐adult, female‐ and single‐adult, male‐headed households relative to two‐parent households. Extended households show no significant advantage in living conditions over two‐parent households if headed by women but are consistently advantaged if headed by men. Although extended households do not entirely wipe out the disadvantage of female headship on household living conditions, they show a significant mitigating potential. Efforts to understand and alleviate poverty in Nigeria may need to address simultaneously gender imbalances in access to livelihood opportunities and factors that foster nucleation of family structure into single‐adult households.     

Racial and Ethnic Differences in Experiencing Parents’ Marital Disruption During Late Adolescence

Using panel data from 9,252 adolescents in the National Education Longitudinal Study, this study finds that among children who experience parents’ marital disruption during late adolescence, European, Asian, and African American adolescents exhibit wider and greater maladjustment both before and after the disruption than their Hispanic American counterparts. This finding lends general support to the hypothesis of prevalence of disadvantages, although it is less consistent with the hypothesis of prevalence of divorce. Moreover, whereas Asian American adolescents in predisrupted families are more vulnerable to a shortage of family social resources, their African American peers are affected more by a shortage of financial/human resources. Finally, postdisruption effects on non‐Hispanic American adolescents are either completely or partially attributable to predisruption factors.     

Single Parenthood and Children’s Reading Performance in Asia

Using the data from Program for International Student Assessment, I examine the gap in reading performance between 15‐year‐old students in single‐parent and intact families in 5 Asian countries in comparison to the United States. The ordinary least square regression analyses show negligible disadvantages of students with a single parent in Hong Kong and Korea, once students’ demographic characteristics and socioeconomic background are held constant. Students in single‐parent families in Indonesia and Thailand outperform their peers in intact families. The negative effect of single parenthood remains significant in Japan, even after parent‐child communication is controlled. Interpreting the weak effect of single parenthood in the Asian countries, I consider extended family systems and the relatively high proportion of widowhood among causes of single parenthood.     

School's out! Why earlier among children of lone parents?

The aims of this population-based study were to analyse educational attainment at ages 24–25 among children of lone parents in comparison with children living with two biological parents, to increase understanding of the factors that seem to be of major importance in increased risks of lower educational achievement and to examine how the life circumstances of non-custodial parents influence possible differences. We found that children who grew up with only one parent showed lower educational attainment than did children in two-parent families. Poorer educational performance on the part of the offspring of lone parents can be explained to a large extent by socio-economic disadvantage, especially a lack of economic resources. However, achievement varies according to cause of lone parenting, and findings strongly indicate that adjusting solely for custodial parents' circumstances may lead to under-estimation of the relationship. Lone parenting seems to have a more detrimental effect on girls' education, and also within groups of children with highly educated parents than among those with a relatively low level of education.     

在我国建立企业法人治理结构的途径

至今,在我国建立企业法人治理结构的进程并不理想。关键就是对实现目标的路径不清晰。鉴于中国已加入WTO,我国企业绝大多数将以中小企业身份参与国际经济交往与竞争,国企改革中大多数国企中小民营化成为必然还更有利国民经济可持续发展。由于在这一过程中,入驻的民营企业家有一个熟悉新行业、新环境、新的管理方式的过程,这也是一个接受市场检验和淘汰寻优的过程。为了推动这一过程在市场竞争中有序进行,相应,资本市场应重新调整现有功能和有关监管规则。     

基于产业结构升级的产业竞争力定位模型

竞争力的形成与微观层次的生产率及中观、宏观层次的市场运行效率有关。根据产业结构中生产要素技术含量和生产要素的专业化程度,提出了一个产业竞争力定位及其升级路径的经验性模型,以确定区域产业结构升级方向和产业结构追赶目标。通过对国际上不同国家的产业竞争力定位及中国不同地区产业竞争力定位的实证分析,认为模型与经验基本吻合。     

贵州省城镇居民消费需求实证分析

贵州城镇居民现阶段消费结构呈现不同的特点 ,采用ELES系统方法对 2 0 0 1年贵州省城镇居民消费的边际消费倾向、基本需求支出及需求收入弹性进行实证分析。结合制约消费的影响因素提出若干对策和建议。研究结果对于拉动贵州经济增长具有积极的意义。     

对股权的霍菲尔德式分析——一种分析法学的思路

揭示目前我国学者有关股权学说的一些不足之处,以霍菲尔德的分析法学概念对股权问题作了初步分析。试图为公司法学的研究引入一种新的思路和方法。     

重庆直辖市优势工业选择研究

分别运用层次分析模型和最优动态组合预测模型对重庆市工业结构进行多指标静态分析与单指标动态预测,科学地得出重庆市优势工业选择的结论。