哈贝马斯话语语境中的理想社会

新自由主义、后现代主义是西方20世纪晚期两个非常重要的思想流派。“新自由主义以启蒙的继承者自居，对启蒙和整个社会的现代化表达了一种发自内心的赞美，并从普遍主义出发主张西方社会的现在预示了所有非西方社会的未来。”而“后现代主义则以启蒙的批判者自居，现代化的社会在后现代主义者眼中或者呈现出一片‘白色恐怖’（利奥塔），或者简直就像一座‘大监狱’（福柯）。”哈贝马斯的观点既不同意新自由主义对现代性的那种乐观和肯定的态度，又不同意后现代主义对现代性的那种悲观和否定的态度。他认为，“现代性是一项未竞的事业”。或者说，他的思想始终是在对启蒙的热情赞美和严词谴责之间寻找一个稳固的平衡点。     

内向的小佳如何变成孩子王——幼儿交往发展中的家庭影响因素典型个案研究

交往能力在个体终身成长中的作用显著，家庭是影响幼儿交往能力发展的至关重要的环境。本文通过对一则典型案例的调查访谈，梳理分析，揭示了在一个孩子交往行为发展进程中家庭因素的变化，以及可能对幼儿交往行为造成的影响。鲜活生动的事例便于身处其中的幼儿父母、幼教工作者们对照反思，以获取实用的育儿心得，对培养幼儿交往行为的发展具有一定指导和借鉴意义。     

新世纪中国生态批评与生态美学的发展及其问题域

20世纪90年代开始,生态美学、生态文艺学、生态批评的研究迅速成为中国文论研究中广受关注的前沿和热点问题之一。在经过了萌发和草创阶段之后,目前已进入了学理的探索、丰富和深化阶段。尽管中国生态批评及其理论形态的生态文艺学、生态美学目前尚未完全发展成熟,但理论上的尝试和建设及争鸣已开启了学科建构的新视角、新观点,极大地推动了学科的发展,中国的生态批评和生态美学研究已初见规模,并必将在新世纪中国文论建设中承担起自己的责任。     

巴洛克文学的多元文化价值及其影响场域

巴洛克文学曾受到文学批评史的不公正对待已是不争的事实。可是文学史的发展轨迹最终表明巴洛克文学具有多元文化价值、强大的生命力和不容忽视的影响场域。巴洛克文学的多元文化价值表现在：其一,生动再现17世纪欧洲各国的社会生活现实;其二,体现多元化的审美文化追求。巴洛克文学的影响场域表现为后世作家对其思想和艺术手法的借鉴、移植和化用,虽然亦存在着难以融合的断裂感和新异感。另外,这种影响还体现为一种追新逐异、兼收并蓄的＂巴洛克精神＂的广泛渗透。     

Fertility patterns of college graduates by field of study,US women born 1960–79

Building on recent European studies, we used the Survey of Income and Program Participation to provide the first analysis of fertility differences between groups of US college graduates by their undergraduate field of study. We used multilevel event-history models to investigate possible institutional and selection mechanisms linking field of study to delayed fertility and childlessness. The results are consistent with those found for Europe in showing an overall difference of 10 percentage points between levels of childlessness across fields, with the lowest levels occurring for women in health and education, intermediate levels for women in science and technology, and the highest levels for women in arts and social sciences. The mediating roles of the following field characteristics were assessed: motherhood employment penalties; percentage of men; family attitudes; and marriage patterns. Childlessness was higher among women in fields with a moderate representation of men, less traditional family attitudes, and late age at first marriage.     

Relevance of Risk Predictions Derived from a Chronic Species Sensitivity Distribution with Cadmium to Aquatic Populations and Ecosystems

Criteria to protect aquatic life are intended to protect diverse ecosystems, but in practice are usually developed from compilations of single‐species toxicity tests using standard test organisms that were tested in laboratory environments. Species sensitivity distributions (SSDs) developed from these compilations are extrapolated to set aquatic ecosystem criteria. The protectiveness of the approach was critically reviewed with a chronic SSD for cadmium comprising 27 species within 21 genera. Within the data set, one genus had lower cadmium effects concentrations than the SSD fifth percentile‐based criterion, so in theory this genus, the amphipod Hyalella, could be lost or at least allowed some level of harm by this criteria approach. However, population matrix modeling projected only slightly increased extinction risks for a temperate Hyalella population under scenarios similar to the SSD fifth percentile criterion. The criterion value was further compared to cadmium effects concentrations in ecosystem experiments and field studies. Generally, few adverse effects were inferred from ecosystem experiments at concentrations less than the SSD fifth percentile criterion. Exceptions were behavioral impairments in simplified food web studies. No adverse effects were apparent in field studies under conditions that seldom exceeded the criterion. At concentrations greater than the SSD fifth percentile, the magnitudes of adverse effects in the field studies were roughly proportional to the laboratory‐based fraction of species with adverse effects in the SSD. Overall, the modeling and field validation comparisons of the chronic criterion values generally supported the relevance and protectiveness of the SSD fifth percentile approach with cadmium.     

纸机传动控制系统的配置与控制原理

针对纸机日益高速化、大型化的发展趋势，设计了国内先进的全数字化通信网络传动控制系统。系统采用西门子全集成自动化解决方案，实现造纸生产过程的全线集成控制。高可靠的工业现场总线PROFIBUS—DP和工业以太网相结合的网络结构，有效地实现了数据共享，全面解决了整个工艺过程的控制。文章详细介绍了控制系统的配置和功能，重点阐述了速度链、负荷分配控制、张力控制等主要控制原理。     

构建大学英语翻译教学新模式

针对大学英语翻译教学的现状及存在的问题,从优化大学英语课程体系、创建以学生为中心的多媒体交际教学模式、培养学生跨文化意识三个方面,构建了大学英语翻译教学新模式。     

多氢酸酸化技术及其应用

砂岩储层酸化的常规土酸体系存在与矿物反应速度快、酸化液的有效距离短和容易产生二次沉淀等问题。现存的缓速酸酸液体系不能克服粘土和石英界面反应速率的巨大反差，新的深度酸化工艺可以在一定程度上增加酸液的穿透距离，但工艺繁琐，且仍然不能解决沉淀、堵塞问题。多氢酸体系与现存的HF酸体系相比，其反应速度慢，溶解能力强，且具有良好的防垢性能和分散性能，可以抑制井眼附近的地层伤害，有效控制二次沉淀等优点。本研究对多氢酸的酸度特性、溶蚀性能、润湿性、静态腐蚀性以及多氢酸的分散和防垢性能进行了室内测试，并对土酸、氟硼酸及多氢酸进行了酸化效果实验评价。室内实验及现场应用表明，多氢酸性能优越，可明显提高酸化效果。     

聚合物/表面活性剂二元复合驱研究进展

从聚合物/表面活性剂二元体系的特点出发，综述了聚/表聚/表二元复合体系的实验室研究现状以及在胜利油田孤东七区54-61进行的矿场试验情况。聚/表二元复合驱是在聚/表/碱三元复合驱的基础上去掉碱所形成的低浓度的驱油体系，可以最大限度地发挥聚合物的粘度和弹性，减少乳化液处理带来的负面影响，减弱由于碱的存在引起的地层以及井筒结垢的现象。通过国内外研究结果分析表明，聚/表二元复合体系提高原油采收率幅度在20%左右；矿场试验取得了较好的效果。聚/表二元复合体系可以克服三元体系的缺点，作为一项新的驱油方法具有宽阔的发展空间。