Applicability of a Neuroprobabilistic Integral Risk Index for the Environmental Management of Polluted Areas: A Case Study

Recently, we developed a GIS-Integrated Integral Risk Index (IRI) to assess human health risks in areas with presence of environmental pollutants. Contaminants were previously ranked by applying a self-organizing map (SOM) to their characteristics of persistence, bioaccumulation, and toxicity in order to obtain the Hazard Index (HI). In the present study, the original IRI was substantially improved by allowing the entrance of probabilistic data. A neuroprobabilistic HI was developed by combining SOM and Monte Carlo analysis. In general terms, the deterministic and probabilistic HIs followed a similar pattern: polychlorinated biphenyls (PCBs) and light polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons (PAHs) were the pollutants showing the highest and lowest values of HI, respectively. However, the bioaccumulation value of heavy metals notably increased after considering a probability density function to explain the bioaccumulation factor. To check its applicability, a case study was investigated. The probabilistic integral risk was calculated in the chemical/petrochemical industrial area of Tarragona (Catalonia, Spain), where an environmental program has been carried out since 2002. The risk change between 2002 and 2005 was evaluated on the basis of probabilistic data of the levels of various pollutants in soils. The results indicated that the risk of the chemicals under study did not follow a homogeneous tendency. However, the current levels of pollution do not mean a relevant source of health risks for the local population. Moreover, the neuroprobabilistic HI seems to be an adequate tool to be taken into account in risk assessment processes.     

基于模仿者动力学模型的外在制度实施过程研究

外在制度在大群体组织中的实施是个复杂的过程.这一过程中,组织成员的理性程度较低而且行为相似,较适合用对称的模仿者动力学模型来分析.外在制度虽具有一定的自实施功能,但实施过程中实施者的主动性和创造性也很重要.借助于模型和案例分析,实施者可在现实中通过适当操作来控制实施环境,增强外在制度的实施效果.     

Risk,trust and knowledge networks in farmers’ learning

This study reports on New Zealand dairy farmers’ access to and use of information as mediated through conditions of risk and trust within the context of their interpersonal social networks. We located participants’ reports of their information use within their perceived environments of trust and risk, following Giddens's [1990. The consequences of modernity. Polity Press, Stanford, CA] typology of trust and risk in pre-modernity and modernity. The research participants were constant users of interpersonal and print information from numerous sources, and monitored their incoming data in the light of strategic needs, reflecting their roles as both farming practitioners and business owners. Socio-spatial knowledge networks (SSKNs) combine individuals’ explanatory cognitive models of information acquisition and use with a micro-geographical analysis of their interpersonal networks. The participants showed characteristics of pre-modern, modern and even post-modern society in respect of their use of complex interactional forms, as well as a blending of individualistic and communitarian practices and concerns in their professional and personal lives.     

矩阵方程XA＝B的亚（半）正定自共轭四元数矩阵解

给出了四元数体Ｑ上ｎ×ｎ分块矩阵为亚（半）正定自共轭矩阵的一个充要条件，进而给出了Ｑ上矩阵方程ＸＡｎｍ＝Ｂｎｍ有亚（半）正定自共轭四元数矩阵解的充要条件及解集合的显式表示，从而推广改进了数城上线性方程组的反问题及矩阵反问题的相应结果．     

基于平衡计分卡的政府传统行政模式的转型

以传统政府模式转型成“企业化政府”模式为典型,把已经在企业内部取得瞩目成就的平衡计分卡管理模式引入“企业化政府”管理模式,增强政府改革的可行性和有效性。     

中小企业发展与融资体系的构建

中小企业在其不同的发展阶段面临着不同的融资需求。文章以金融支持为主线,先从宏观层面上考察了企业融资结构分别对宏观经济波动和企业融资体系的影响,再从微观角度出发,试图在对中小企业各发展过程中融资行为、融资约束、融资结构等的分析中探求其“融资难”之所在。最后再依据我国的现实国情,并结合发达国家先进经验,探讨我国中小企业融资体系的构建。     

平教会定县实验中的农村卫生工作之考察

中华平民教育促进会定县实验区在二十世纪三十年代创立了一套由村保健员、乡保健所、县保健院组成的三级卫生保健网,并在学校卫生、妇婴保健、传染病预防和疾病治疗等方面做出了显著的成绩,在当时产生了广泛的影响,对我们今天来说仍值得借鉴。     

物流的定义及其他——与王槐林、刘明菲先生商榷

物流的定义多种多样,林林总总,但都没有把生产过程包括到物流的活动中,只有王槐林、刘明菲先生主编的《物流管理学》却把生产活动当作物流的重要内容之一,并概括在物流的定义之中。这种观点如果成立,将给有关理论和实践造成很大混乱。     

PES-C,(PP/Bis-T)PES的次级松驰与转变

描述了酚酞型聚芳醚砜(PES-C)的次级松驰和转变与其结构的关系.TBA和动态力学实验结果表明:PES-C及其共聚物(PP/Bis-T)PES分别在0～50℃和-100℃附近呈现出两个次级松驰峰;双酚T单元的引入导致了PES-C在0～50℃之间的次级松驰位置改变.证实了Cardo侧基的存在对-100℃的次级松驰有较大的贡献.     

基于经营杠杆和需求价格弹性的产品定价策略研究

在竞争的市场中，企业对应以何种价格将自己的产品推出，同时又不会加大其经营风险这一问题越发关注，本文通过将经营杠杆与需求价格弹性相结合，论述了比营杠杆及需求价格弹性对企业产品定价策略的指导作用。