规训教育与身份改写——福柯理论视角下的《简·爱》解读

福柯认为,现代学校是一个规训机构,通过组织教育活动进行规训教育。教育领域中权力的运作旨在使学生重塑伦理主体,成为合格的社会成员。在简·爱所就读的罗沃德寄宿学校,所有的学生都生活在严格的规训之下。维多利亚社会规范了女性接受教育的内容,简·爱在寄宿学校获取的知识,保证了她在维多利亚社会找到一份家庭教师的工作。知识使简·爱实现了身份的改写,从而使她在经济上得以自立;工作赋予了个体做人的尊严,维多利亚人对待工作总是充满了宗教的热情。     

自媒体时代大学生国防意识形成特征研究——基于国内10所“985”高校的调查

迅速发展的自媒体信息传播呈现“去中心化、交互性强、传播迅速、内容良莠不齐”等特点,这对大学生国防意识的形成和传统的国防教育工作模式产生冲击与挑战。通过调查研究,表明大学生国防意识形成的途径呈现多元化特点,他们对国防知识的主动关注度不够,鉴别能力有待提升;与直接获取国防知识相比,大学生更喜欢技能训练和实地参观等实践类国防教育形式。高校国防教育应进一步调整思路,充分利用网络平台,有针对性地开展教育工作。     

Individual and community effects of women's education and autonomy on contraceptive use in India

This study makes use of the National Family Health Survey of 1998‐99 to investigate whether differences in women's autonomy can explain much of the relationship between education and contraceptive use among married Indian women with at least one child. The analyses show that a woman's education does not influence her contraceptive use through a strengthening of her position in relation to that of men, but that the inclusion of a simple indicator of her general knowledge reduces education effects appreciably. Further, the average educational level of other women in the census‐enumeration area has an effect on a woman's contraceptive use above and beyond that of her own education. This effect cannot be explained by the specific indicators of autonomy, but can to some extent be explained by the son preference of the community. The latter is a more general autonomy indicator that may also pick up other contextual factors.     

Political constructions of a cross-community identity in a divided society: how politicians articulate Northern Irishness

ABSTRACT

A shared identity has been shown to reduce prejudice between conflicting social groups. One such common national category is the ‘Northern Irish’ identity which can be inclusive of both Catholics and Protestants. This study analyses the plenary sessions of the Northern Ireland Assembly to show how the national category ‘Northern Irish’ is framed by politicians. Content analysis shows that it is used more often by centrist parties who tend to frame it positively and as part of their political viewpoint. There is also evidence of the instrumental use of this identity by unionists in line with the ingroup projection model.     

‘People take for granted that you know how to dance Salsa and Merengue’: transnational diasporas,visual discourses and racialized knowledge in Sweden's contemporary Latin music boom

In recent years US-based Latin culture has gained worldwide popularity through artists such as Jennifer Lopez, Shakira and Ricky Martin. Taking the national context as an emerging vantage point from which to consider globalization processes, this article explores the growing popularity of ‘Latin music’ as a specific contemporary expression of global popular culture and its impact on young Latina women's everyday lives and identity work in Sweden. Based on interviews and focus group discussions with 29 high school young Latina women between 14–20 years of age, born and/or brought up in Sweden, the article examines how musical arenas and their appeal to hybrid identities are construed in contemporary articulations of commodity cultures and representations. In the particular context of Sweden, the article looks at how young Latina women negotiate popular representations of latinidad through an intentional and unintentional embodiment of these images. It is argued that while visual discourses and representations of popular culture tend to fix young women in preconceived ideas of ethnicity, race and gender, the young women themselves find a myriad of ways of reconstructing stereotyping ideas and creating diasporic links with other Latino/a diasporas, especially in the United States.     

从“格物致知”看朱熹的理学地位——对牟宗三判朱熹为“别子为宗”的反思

牟宗三以道德形上学为根据,从本体论和工夫论两方面展开论述,认为朱熹将天理与人心相区分,追求“只存有不活动”的道德本体和格物致知的顺取工夫,而将其判为“别子为宗”。但是通过对朱熹思想发展脉络的进一步研究可以发现,其“涵养须用敬,进学在致知”的工夫入路是对程颢等学者过于追求“与天地万物为一体”的道德境界而忽视具体实践工夫的一种矫正。朱熹的“格物致知”思想促进了先秦以来儒家传统思想的深化和思维水平的提升,在宋明理学的发展中占有重要的地位。     

The impact of political violence: Adaptation and identity development in Bosnian adolescent refugees∗

This qualitative study explored the impact of the war in the former Yugoslavia and the experiences of forced exile on the processes of adaptation and identity development for five Bosnian adolescent refugees who have lived the United States for at least two years. Sources of resilience were found in individual temperament, adaptive responses to trauma, and cultural and family pride and loyalty. Because current research on political violence tends to focus on psychopathological outcomes and PTSD sequelae, particular attention was given to examining cultural meanings of trauma and development, as well as the health‐promoting forces that can occur in response to extreme trauma. Findings suggest several implications for future research as well as implications for mental health professionals working with refugees.     

Purpose: A Misunderstood and Misused Keystone of Group Work Practice

SUMMARY

This paper examines the use of Purpose in social group work practice. It identifies and discusses six common mistakes that practitioners often make in regard to this central concept. A group example is used to illustrate the paper's content. The paper's intent is to enhance workers' understanding of and ability to use Purpose skillfully in their work with groups.     

中国经济发展的知识来源

由农转工,资源用途的改变大幅度地提高了其使用效率;价格制度替代计划经济制度,大幅度地降低了交易费用;综合起来,造成了中国经济持续30年的高速增长。这种双重转变带来了一个有趣的问题,在中国社会迅速普及的大规模制造的工业知识和大范围长程交换的契约知识是从何而来的呢?本文从知识的视角,对中国30年的发展作了一个梗概分析:外资企业(或其活动)是外源知识最完整的载体,中国通过引入外资企业,引入了多个来源地的外源知识;加上温州等一些很特别的地区积累的内源知识,使中国社会转型的知识来源种类非常丰富。20世纪80年代开始,大量繁殖的新企业找到了一条成本极低的知识传播途径,即把知识传播活动与生产经营活动统一,从而使加工知识和交易知识在广大的人群中普及,以至于五亿农业劳动力能通过这一途径更新自己的知识体系。正是知识普及大幅度地降低了生产成本和交易费用。如果不是加工知识和交易知识在如此广大的人群中普及,中国制成品不可能如此廉价。     

文学作品内容与形式的辩证矛盾是不存在的——兼与童庆炳教授商榷

童庆炳教授内容形式关系论的重要论文《论文学作品内容与形式的辩证矛盾》存在着严重不足,体现在四个方面。一是他对内容、形式、题材概念的界定,二是他认为文学作品内容、形式概念的存在具有合理性,三是形式与题材的关系,四是以"对立原理"作为理论依据。文学作品的内容和形式根本上是整一的,形式征服题材的情况是不存在的,文学作品内容与形式的辩证矛盾是不存在的。