Class and ideological orientations revisited: an exploration of class‐based mechanisms

Studies of the relationship between class position and political outlooks still only have a limited understanding of the class‐related mechanisms that matter for ideological orientations. This article presents a comprehensive analysis of the mechanisms that link class position and left/right and authoritarian/libertarian orientations. Besides main factors such as income, career prospects, job security, education, class origin and class identification, the significance of work‐related factors such as work autonomy, working in a team, a physically demanding job and a mentally demanding job is studied. The findings are based on a survey specifically designed for this purpose and collected in Sweden in 2008/2009. A great deal of the association between class position and left/right orientations is explained by socio‐economic conditions; different classes sympathize with policies that will benefit them economically. Another important factor is class identification. Work‐related factors also have relevance, but the effect of class position on left/right orientations works mainly through the remuneration system. Class position is also related to authoritarian/libertarian orientations. However, this relationship is less explained by socio‐economic position per se, but is rather an effect of the educational system and its allocation of the workforce into different class positions. It also turns out that work‐related factors do not explain the class effects; however, a physically demanding job shows a unique effect. Overall, our findings suggest that besides factors such as class position, income, education and class identification, we need to consider work‐related aspects to derive a more complete understanding of the distribution of ideological orientations in Western societies.     

山地城市公交线网优化措施探析

大力发展公交是解决山地城市交通问题的重要手段之一，合理的公交线网可以提高公交服务水平，增强解决交通问题的能力。以重庆市为例，分析公交线网存在的问题并提出了相应的优化措施，以促进山地城市公交的可持续发展。     

The Effect of Methods for Handling Missing Values on the Performance of the MEWMA Control Chart

This article is concerned with the effect of the methods for handling missing values in multivariate control charts. We discuss the complete case, mean substitution, regression, stochastic regression, and the expectation–maximization algorithm methods for handling missing values. Estimates of mean vector and variance–covariance matrix from the treated data set are used to build the multivariate exponentially weighted moving average (MEWMA) control chart. Based on a Monte Carlo simulation study, the performance of each of the five methods is investigated in terms of its ability to obtain the nominal in-control and out-of-control average run length (ARL). We consider three sample sizes, five levels of the percentage of missing values, and three types of variable numbers. Our simulation results show that imputation methods produce better performance than case deletion methods. The regression-based imputation methods have the best overall performance among all the competing methods.     

改进FMEA法的石油钻探设备HSE风险识别

针对石油钻探设备的特点，围绕HSE体系的基本框架，从安全、健康、环境三个方面将石油钻探设备HSE风险分为两级。通过改进的故障模型及影响分析（FMEA）法对石油钻探设备HSE风险进行识别，并将识别出的风险因素加以归类，为石油钻探设备风险评价和控制提供依据。     

基于政治安全视角的网络谣言治理

虚拟社会的繁荣兴盛带来了网络政治的迅猛发展,其独特的吸引力以及虚拟社会相对宽松的政治氛围,导致谣言开始借助网络渠道进行传播,对国家的政治安全形成了严重冲击,消解了政府的公信力,弱化了主流价值观的影响力,扰乱了政治参与的有序性。因此,需要从政治层面探究网络谣言的成因,通过加强对新型虚拟社会组织的管理,对政府主体行为进行规制,提升社会公众的网络政治素养,构建虚拟社会与现实社会的良性互动,健全网络传播行为的法律规范等途径,在多种主体的共同参与下运用多种策略实施综合性治理,才能达到对网络谣言有效治理的最终目的。     

Modelling Chinese manufacturers' technology adoption behaviour

Abstract

This paper uses firm-level survey data from Hong Kong to identify determinants of technology adoption. The data analysis was guided by proposing a new model that was built upon the Theory of Planned Behaviour and Technology Acceptance Model. Three types of determinants are considered. They are determinants controllable by the technology suppliers and technology buyers, respectively; an external determinant that is not controllable by both the technology suppliers and buyers. This paper reviews research in related areas and the proposed model suggests ways in which behavioural, environmental and organisational issues may be important to technology adoption. The result reveals that behavioural and organisational issues are relevant to technology adoption decision, whereas the relevance of environmental issues is questionable.     

企业并购中劳动者劳动权的国家权力保护

要在企业并购中使劳动者的劳动权得到实质保护，在企业并购过程中对劳动者劳动权的全而综合保护体系。权保护的程度和范围，规制并购中用人单位的基本行为，必须强化国家权力，从立法、行政、司法三个层面构建翻家通过法律法规的制定，确定在企业并购过程中劳动对留用劳动者与并购后的新企业之间的权利义务作出相应规定。发挥政府在企业并购过程中保护劳动莆劳动权的行政职能，加大对企业并购过程中违规企业的处罚力度，健全和完善在食业并购过程中以保障劳动者劳动权为核心的市场规则和公共政策。劳动者在企业并购过程进行权利救济的司法实践中面临程序复杂、维权成奉高、案件执行难等问题，需要通过建立劳动法庭或劳动法院等途径予以解决，同时赋予法院监督审查权。     

省级农民频道的创建与农民知情权的实现

我国目前的涉农频道,多是将传播重点放在向农民群体传授科技知识上,农民只是单纯的被传授客体,没有将农民视为有平等权利的传播主体,所以不是真正意义上的农民频道,而真正的农民频道应在传授知识、争取农民话语权方面发挥重要作用。农民频道应在频道宗旨、频道性质、频道内容及形式方面都有准确定位,唯此才能真正保证农民知情权的实现。     

Subsidiary embeddedness as a determinant of divisional headquarters involvement in innovation transfer processes

This paper conceptualizes divisional headquarters as an important hub-firm within the MNE, orchestrating innovation transfer processes between subsidiaries. It is argued that the internal and external embeddedness of a subsidiary hosting an innovation development project subsequently influences divisional headquarters involvement in the transfer of that innovation. In this way, embeddedness, i.e., the relationships that firms have with each other in the innovation development phase, is brought to the fore as an important factor for MNE subsidiaries hosting innovation development projects for explaining the involvement of divisional headquarters in a subsequent transfer. This highlights divisional headquarters as an active orchestrator of innovation transfers within the MNE. Data from 169 innovation transfer projects as well as 146 internal and 121 external embedded relationships at subsidiary level support the argument of embeddedness as a driver of divisional headquarters involvement in subsidiary innovation transfer projects. From a business network perspective, the findings highlight the role of internal and external embeddedness during innovation development in the subsequent involvement of divisional headquarters in the transfer phase. Embeddedness is not only important for subsidiaries in the innovation development phase but also for divisional headquarters involvement in, and orchestration of, innovation transfer.     

煤矿环境保护公众参与法律制度初探

公众参与环境保护是现代民主政治的必然要求,也是我国环境法治发展的方向.然而,煤矿环境保护公众参与法治建设已不能满足于实际需要.尚存在诸如公众参与权不明确,参与范围有限,环境信息公开存在诸多限制等现实问题,民众的相关权益也难以保障.故应当尽快建立煤矿环境保公众参与法律制度.