基于需求转移的易逝性产品最优动态定价策略

本文针对易逝性产品中新产品对老产品需求的转移作用,应用收入管理方法得出老产品的最优动态定价策略,并应用最大凹向包络理论给出了简化算法的方法.数值算例表明在存在需求转移的情况下,应更早的提供较低的价格.最后作者给出了包含生产和定价的综合模型.     

陕西农产品外贸物流与县域经济发展联盟体系与机制

农产品外贸物流对农业生产发展和县域经济繁荣具有十分重要的作用。基于陕西农产品外贸物流与县域经济发展的条件和基础,分析了制约陕西农产品外贸物流与县域经济发展的主要因素,构建了陕西农产品外贸物流与县域经济发展的“共享联盟”体系,包括：战略联盟、利益联盟、组织联盟、流程联盟、信息联盟、标准联盟。在此基础上提出陕西农产品外贸物流与县域经济发展的机制建设,即一个优化、三个亮点、五个抓手,从而为实现陕西经济的发展奠定保障基础,为我国西部经济未来发展、“丝绸之路”经济带以及整个国家经济和社会和谐发展发挥应有作用。     

企业农产品电子商务能力测度的实证研究

低水平的农产品电子商务能力阻碍了农产品企业的可持续发展和创新。基于社会物质主义理论,构建企业农产品电子商务能力的模型,讨论农产品电子商务能力的内涵、形成机制和作用效果;并对316份企业样本数据,运用内容分析、问卷调查法和结构方程分析方法对理论模型进行实证检验。结果发现,农产品电子商务能力具有多维度结构,包含管理能力、技术能力和人才能力三个核心维度,且三者相互关联,共同对农产品电子商务能力产生作用。由此开发出量表以期为企业提升农产品电子商务能力提供一个可操作和量化的通用工具。     

县级政府、供应链管理与农产品上行关系研究

基于中国13省87个电子商务进农村示范县的调研材料,分析政府项目驱动下农产品上行问题。实践表明,政策利好为县域农产品电商发展提供了试错空间,“S2B2C”的供应链管理模式对农产品上行的推动作用明显。但是,多数县级政府未能认识到供应链管理之于农产品上行的作用,普遍存在政府治理方式滞后、公共服务网络不健全、农产品区域公用品牌缺乏、冷链等基础设施投入不足等问题。因此,为有效推动农产品上行,政府应进一步推动“公私合作”、构建一体化的公共服务、注重品牌营销、优化产品供应链管理。     

Does Iconicity in Pictographs Matter? The Influence of Iconicity and Numeracy on Information Processing,Decision Making,and Liking in an Eye‐Tracking Study

Researchers recommend the use of pictographs in medical risk communication to improve people's risk comprehension and decision making. However, it is not yet clear whether the iconicity used in pictographs to convey risk information influences individuals’ information processing and comprehension. In an eye‐tracking experiment with participants from the general population (N = 188), we examined whether specific types of pictograph icons influence the processing strategy viewers use to extract numerical information. In addition, we examined the effect of iconicity and numeracy on probability estimation, recall, and icon liking. This experiment used a 2 (iconicity: blocks vs. restroom icons) × 2 (scenario: medical vs. nonmedical) between‐subject design. Numeracy had a significant effect on information processing strategy, but we found no effect of iconicity or scenario. Results indicated that both icon types enabled high and low numerates to use their default way of processing and extracting the gist of the message from the pictorial risk communication format: high numerates counted icons, whereas low numerates used large‐area processing. There was no effect of iconicity in the probability estimation. However, people who saw restroom icons had a higher probability of correctly recalling the exact risk level. Iconicity had no effect on icon liking. Although the effects are small, our findings suggest that person‐like restroom icons in pictographs seem to have some advantages for risk communication. Specifically, in nonpersonalized prevention brochures, person‐like restroom icons may maintain reader motivation for processing the risk information.     

Why do participants in voluntary organizations leave? Exploring the relationship between value congruence and length of stay

Recognizing the importance of values and the specific characteristics of participants and situations in voluntary organizations, we examine how value congruence—the fit or compatibility of values between participants and the organization, or among participants—interacts with personal and situational factors to predict participants' length of stay in their organizations. Introducing the case of a voluntary organization that offers shared housing, we measure value congruence through textual similarity in the self‐introduction documents of 49 participants and the organization's mission statement. This approach differs from the self‐reported measures based on participants' perceptions or recalled interactions used in previous studies. In line with expectation‐disconfirmation theory, participants with the strongest beliefs in organizational values had shorter lengths of stay. The amount of intraorganizational communication also moderated the relationship between value congruence and length of stay. This study provides theoretical and methodological implications for nonprofit management by considering personal and situational factors and evaluating value congruence by textual similarity.     

数控加工与编程数字化教学资源建设

为培养高职数控技术专业学生的数控加工与编程能力,通过调研典型制造型企业,以其岗位能力需求为基础,以企业的实践过程为任务流程,规划了数控加工与编程课程的教学体系,并构建了基于网络化教学平台的数字化教学资源库。     

Longitudinal relations between behavioral inhibition and social information processing: Moderating role of maternal supportive reactions to children's emotions

Utilizing multiple measures of interpretive biases, the current study examined the roles of toddlers’ behavioral inhibition (BI) and maternal supportive reactions to children's negative emotions in relation to children's interpretive biases across middle to late childhood. Toddlers’ BI was measured during several laboratory tasks (n = 248) at 2 and 3 years of age. Mothers reported on their reactions to children's negative emotional expressions when children were 7 years old (n = 203), and children's interpretations of social cues were assessed at 7 and 10 years of age (n s = 179 and 161, respectively). Toddlers with high levels of BI expressed less positivity toward social engagement with unfamiliar peers during discussion of ambiguous social situations. Further, children with high BI were less likely to attribute the cause of negative social situations to external factors, particularly when mothers were less accepting of children's negative emotional displays. Findings are discussed in terms of cognition related to the interpretation of ambiguous and threat‐related social situations among temperamentally at‐risk children.     

社会网络、 先前经验与创业风险识别

无法识别创业风险是导致创业失败的主要原因之一,如何有效识别并管理创业风险是新创企业健康成长的关键.社会网络能够弥补创业者在识别风险过程中的信息劣势,但既有研究极少探索社会网络是否以及如何影响创业风险识别.为弥补这个研究空白,文章利用信息处理理论为研究框架,构建了创业风险识别模型.具体而言,结构洞和网络强度有利于创业者获取更多、高质量与风险相关的信息,进而识别更多的创业风险;获取信息的数量在网络强度与创业风险识别关系之间发挥完全中介作用;创业者的先前经验正向影响创业风险识别,并对结构洞与获取信息的数量之间关系起调节作用.文章讨论了研究结果的理论贡献与实践启发.     

Beyond mere information transfer: The importance of a relational approach to market-related internal communication

Despite the significance of relationship management in any information provision or exchange, public relations scholarship has typically focused on examining the underlying internal communication processes from a transactional perspective. These processes are frequently associated with organizational information dissemination, overlooking other critical contents to make strategic decisions. This study draws market information processing into the debate about internal communication, providing a greater understanding of how a relational approach can improve market intelligence dissemination. Results show that an effective management of market knowledge requires the use of such an approach, which in turn, cultivates the shared interpretation of market information and innovation performance. The findings stimulate fresh discussion about the nature and development of internal communication knowledge and practice.