论万历《顺天府志》的体例纂修特点与文献价值

万历《顺天府志》是北京历史上第一部保存完整的府志,也是现存最完整的一部明代官修北京志书,具有重要的文献价值。作者从分析其体例结构和纂修特点入手,将它与清人纂修的康熙、光绪《顺天府志》和乾隆《日下旧闻考》作了基本比较,指出志书究竟是篇幅宏大好还是简明扼要好,何为质量上乘的精品佳志,不能一概而论,要作系统研究和具体分析,认为从版本学、方志学、文献学和历史研究而言,万历《顺天府志》都具有不可或缺的重要意义。     

Shards of the old looking glass: restoring the significance of identity in promoting positive outcomes for looked‐after children

There is a driving force within current UK child welfare policies which promotes a strengths led approach to both assessment and care planning for children in need. Social policy emphasizes the importance of tangible outcomes such as education achievement, which have been enshrined in statute. However, other developmental outcomes, such as identity, are subordinated. Notwithstanding the relevance of these more concrete indicators, this paper suggests that this focus has left a gap at theoretical, strategic and operational levels relating to more psychosocial aspects of human growth and development, such as identity. This paper seeks to redress that gap by considering identity as both a process and an outcome. Following a review of the literature on identity development, it presents an analysis of semi‐structured interviews with 13 young people and their social workers. The findings show how young people's identity is shaped by their relationships, can be a protective mechanism, and deferred or put on standby. In the concluding discussion the implications for social work practice are highlighted.     

A Medicare Adult Day Care Model

The study on which this article is based addressed the issue of the proportion of adult day care centers (ADCs) existing in 1986 that would qualify for Medicare funding under the 1989 U.S. Senate Medicare Adult Day Care Amendments. It also estimated the impact of the criteria on two policy-relevant subgroups of ADCs-that is, Alzheimer's vs. non-Alzheimer's and rural vs. urban-using data from a 1986 national census survey of ADCs. The five proposed Medicare criteria and the percentage of ADCs meeting hem were: services to be provided directly, 14.6%; multidisciplinary team, 20%; services to be provided directly or indirectly, 16%; program activities, 42%; and other, 53%. Only 3% met all five criteria while 13% met four out of five. Alzheimer's centers met the criteria more often than non-Alzheimer's centers, while urban centers qualified more often than rural centers. Based on the findings. implications for Medicare funding policy are discussed.     

Child-centered approach in the context of the assessment of children in need: Reflections of child protection workers in Estonia

Objective

This article describes empirical results on how practitioners understand the concept of child-centered approach and how it is applied in practice, extending knowledge of the unresearched phenomena in Estonian child protection practice.

Method

A small-scale study included twenty child protection workers from different regions in Estonia, exploring the child-centered approach in assessment practices through in-depth semi-structured interviews.

Results

Results indicate that child-centered approach in the child protection workers' practice is characterized, firstly, by doing work for the child, and less by working with the child, including the fact that some practitioners are somewhat unclear about the meaning of child-centered principle. Majority of the participants underscored the importance of child involvement and partnership in the decision-making process, nevertheless, their case reflections showed that most of them did not include the child in the assessment.

Conclusions and implication for practice

Findings highlight several challenges in Estonian child protection system and suggest a need to find ways to support child protection workers' competence and confidence to conduct comprehensive assessments based on the child-centered approach, including the child in the assessment process.     

Ethical Issues in Continuing Care

No abstract available for this article.     

‘The performative surprise’: parody,documentary and critique

Can parody help us to ‘re‐imagine’ the organizations and institutions we live with (Du Gay 2007 Du Gay, Paul. 2007. Organizing identity: Persons and organizations after theory, London: Sage.  [Google Scholar], 13)? Or, like many forms of critique, does parody risk being incorporated: becoming part of the power it aims to make fun of? In this paper, drawing on Judith Butler’s work, I argue that certain circumstances enable parody to destabilize hegemonic, taken‐for‐granted institutions (Butler 1990 Butler, Judith. 1990. Gender trouble: Feminism and the subversion of identity, London: Routledge.  [Google Scholar]). I explore these ideas through a reading of the Yes Men documentary (Tartan Video 2005 Yes Men. 2005. “Directed by Chris Smith, Dan Ollman and Sarah Price”. Tartan Video.  [Google Scholar]). This film features a series of humorous representations of the World Trade Organization (WTO). I show how these act to denaturalize and effectively critique this dominant force in global trade. This paper discusses the value of parody for helping us to re‐think and re‐make particular institutions and organizations. In doing so, I point to the importance of creating a spectacle in which parody can travel beyond its immediate location, so that it can reach ever newer audiences with its ‘performative surprise’ (Butler 1990 Butler, Judith. 1990. Gender trouble: Feminism and the subversion of identity, London: Routledge.  [Google Scholar], xxvi). I suggest that the rise of the Internet and inexpensive documentary techniques offer interesting new ways for achieving this.     

Determinants of Engagement in Paid Work Following Social Security Benefit Receipt Among Older Women

ABSTRACT

Work behavior among older men approaching or following retirement has received considerable research attention over the past two decades, but research on older women's work behavior is still in its incipient stage. Based on data from the 1982 New Beneficiary Survey (NBS) and the 1991 New Beneficiary Follow-up (NBF), this study analyzes the extent and determinants of employment among women who received their first Social Security benefits between 1980 and 1981. More than one fourth of the women continued to work or rejoined the labor force following their first Social Security benefit receipt. Financial need was found to be the primary reason for and the most significant determinant of women's continuing work or (re)entry into the labor force. But the level of education, health, spouse's work status, and previous work history were also found to be significant determinants of the likelihood and duration of their employment following Social Security receipt.     

Purpose: A Misunderstood and Misused Keystone of Group Work Practice

SUMMARY

This paper examines the use of Purpose in social group work practice. It identifies and discusses six common mistakes that practitioners often make in regard to this central concept. A group example is used to illustrate the paper's content. The paper's intent is to enhance workers' understanding of and ability to use Purpose skillfully in their work with groups.     

论人的发展及其动力

人是不断发展的。人的发展主要是指作为"个人"和"人类"辩证统一的"人"的发展,包括个体特征的发展和社会特征的发展。人的个体特征的发展主要体现为身体的发展、实践活动的发展和精神活动的发展;人的社会特征的发展主要体现为人的社会素质的发展、人的需要的发展、人的社会关系的发展和人的个性的发展。人的发展是由多种动力推进的。人的需要的发展是引起人不断发展的自身内在的精神性动力,人的实践的发展是促使人不断发展的自身外在的物质性动力,社会环境的发展则是实现人不断发展的外部环境条件。在我国当前的社会主义建设中,贯彻科学发展观,坚持以人为本,就是为促进人的发展创造条件。     

农村高龄老人的照料需求与照料供给分析

本文利用2005年"中国高龄老人健康长寿调查"跟踪调查的数据,通过对照料需求和照料供给的分析,揭示出农村高龄老人的照料现状并提出解决供需矛盾的对策。研究结果表明,我国农村地区有1/3的高龄老人需要他人提供某种日常生活方面的帮助,女性的照料需求高于男性。大多数农村高龄老人能够获得较为满意的家庭照料,但是社区照料基本处于空白,同时机构照料也处于发展的低级阶段。鉴于农村特殊的经济社会环境,应继续鼓励和支持家庭照料,大力发展机构照料,而探索适合农村地区的社区照料服务也刻不容缓。