基于数量柔性契约的双源应急物资采购定价模型

针对灾害事件发生的不确定性以及灾害发生后应急物资需求量的爆发式增长，本文设计了一个政府主导的基于数量柔性契约的双源应急物资采购模型。在存在一个现货市场的情况下，政府除了常规采购外，还会与供应方签订一份数量柔性契约，用以建立政企联合储备应急物资的合作关系。通过数理推导，本文发现灾害事件发生概率，政府自身储备量，现货市场采购价格会对双方决策产生重要影响，并给出三个影响因素在满足不同条件时政企双方的最优决策，同时进一步分析了这三个因素对政府采购成本与供应方利润的影响。最后，通过数值模拟的方式对所得结论进行了验证。本文的研究为政府与企业构建联合储备应急物资的合作关系提供了指导与依据。     

For an integrative theory of social behaviour: Theorising with and beyond rational choice theory

Most sociologists are not content with merely relating macrosocial phenomena to preceding macrosocial causes in their causal explanations of social phenomena. Instead they are seeking to provide (non‐reductive) microfoundations with which they can corroborate and make understandable the connection between macrosocial phenomena. In order to do so a theory (or theories) of human action is required. One such theory, rational choice theory (RCT), has long been viewed with strong suspicion in sociology. I show such suspicion to be partially justified. RCT cannot be a general theory of social behaviour. Nonetheless, there are important insights in various versions of RCT that should not be discarded. In order to improve upon RCT and move toward a more unified or integrative theory of action social‐psychological research has to be taken note of. I demonstrate how dual‐process theories and the research on heuristics can help sociologists move beyond RCT without contradicting some of its more basic insights.     

西部城市农民工双重社会适应研究——基于重庆的问卷调查

论文通过问卷调查数据,采用定量研究方法,对重庆市农民工城市和农村社会适应状况进行了比较,并分析了影响农民工城市社会适应的因素。农民工城乡社会适应水平都不高,城市职业适应和生活适应高于农村,农村文化适应比城市文化适应更好。多元线性回归结果表明:教育程度、收入、打工时间、和配偶一起打工、社会剥夺感、政府帮助等对农民工城市社会适应的不同方面有显著性影响。     

劳动力流动的经济分析

在发展中国家,劳动力流动是一个普遍的经济现象。剩余劳动力由农业部门向工业部门的流动,就能提高了两部门的生产规模,促进了两部门的经济增长。对劳动力流动的经济分析,能够为政府制定经济政策提供理论依据。     

马克思早期对人的本质理解方式的变化

马克思早期通过批判利己主义,追求人的自由解放。他分析了政治解放所造成的人的二重化,进而阐明了人们的阶级差别和对立。通过研究政治经济学,马克思用人固有的社会本质来批判以货币为中介的异己交往关系,把自由自觉的劳动作为人的类本质,批判了资本主义的异化劳动,阐明黑格尔哲学中的自我是对利己主义的人的理论抽象。针对青年黑格尔派对人的孤立化理解,马克思强调,利己主义的人处于社会联系中。在《关于费尔巴哈的提纲》中,马克思从现实的社会实践出发,把人的本质理解为现实社会关系的总和,超越了费尔巴哈的类本质的观点。在《德意志意识形态》中,马克思从既定社会条件下的现实的个人出发,批判了施蒂纳的极端利己主义等,创立了历史唯物主义。     

城乡经济社会一体化的理论演进

改革开放以来,中国经济实现了持续快速发展,但城乡二元结构一直是制约经济社会健康发展的瓶颈。鉴于此,中央提出了加快形成＂城乡经济社会发展一体化新格局＂的时代命题。在此,对城乡经济社会一体化战略提出的背景与过程、与＂城乡经济社会一体化＂相关的几个概念及其关系、城乡经济社会一体化的主要内容等问题进行阐述。     

Gender Asymmetry in Family Migration: Occupational Inequality or Interspousal Comparative Advantage?

This paper examines gender inequality in the determinants of job‐related long‐distance migration among married dual‐earner couples during the 1980s and 1990s. The analysis tested the structural explanation, which attributes gender asymmetry in family migration to structural inequality in the labor market, and the comparative advantage explanation derived from relative resource theory. The analysis used individual‐ and family‐level data from 5,504 Panel Study of Income Dynamics families, occupation‐level data from the 1980–2000 U.S. Decennial Censuses Integrated Public Use Micro Samples, and discrete‐time event history models. Gender differences in the determinants of family migration were not explained by gender differences in occupational characteristics, but the results partially support the relative resource theory by illustrating the conditioning influence of interspousal comparative advantage.     

Parent Care as Unpaid Family Labor: How Do Spouses Share?

The study adapts theories of the household division of labor to the division of parent care between spouses and expands them by taking the kin relationship with the parent and the intensity of care into account. Tobit and weighted logit models are used to analyze the division of parent care in 2,214 couples from the British General Household Surveys. The models revealed patterns of parent care that are predominantly governed by the kin relationship. Time availability was strongly associated with couples' division of parent care, whereas the resource‐bargaining approach received little support except for dual‐earner couples that provided more intensive care for the husband's parents. Children‐in‐law's characteristics were hardly related to the division of high‐intensity caregiving in dual‐earner couples.     

Deliberate Trust and Intuitive Faith: A Dual‐Process Model of Reliance

Drawing on the dual process framework from social and cognitive psychology, this paper reconciles two distinct conceptualizations of trust prevalent in the literature: “rational” calculative and irrational “affective” or normative. After critically reviewing previous attempts at reconciliation between these distinctions, we argue that the notion of trust as “reliance” is the higher order category of which “deliberate trust” and “intuitive faith” are subtypes. Our revised approach problematizes the conflation of epistemic uncertainty with phenomenological uncertainty while providing sound footing for a key sociological insight: that reliance on the routine social order is both the cognitive default and based on substantial practical evidence. We develop two broad suggestions for future research from these implications: (1) sociological research should examine the role of intuitive faith—as opposed to deliberate trust—in late modern societies, and (2) analysts should challenge the role of deliberate trust as the “modal” form of reliance in contemporary research.     

“双轨水利”:农村水利运行机制的文化人类学研究——以广西S村为例

从费孝通对乡土中国的双轨政治概念出发,通过对农村水利发展历史的梳理,探寻出农村水利机制运行规律的两条道路——双轨水利,并指出推行水利社区化是对以往民间水治道路的恢复与重构,同时也是作为消弥当下农村水利困境的有效途径。