Using Generational Intelligence to Examine Community Care Work between Younger and Older Adults

Exploring the factors that contribute to sustainable forms of an intergenerational relationship is becoming an important conceptual and practical challenge, not least because of the growing need for an aged care workforce that is both motivated and suitably trained. Generational intelligence is a means of examining interaction between younger and older people which has been applied to community care settings. Dimensions of generational intelligence include recognising and valuing generational differences, finding common ground, plus negotiating social and practical outcomes from the situation. A case study plus a series of qualitative interviews are used to examine the value of this approach both as a means of exploring the processes involved in generational exchange and in providing recommendations for work preparation and training. It is suggested that intergenerational relations have been a missing factor in the understanding of sustainable care and that in future, service delivery should not simply be analysed as comprising professional and lay perspectives but also as containing generationally distinctive perspectives that require negotiation.     

当代西方城市的病症：论《星期六》中的疾病隐喻

当代英国小说家伊恩·麦克尤恩的《星期六》从一名神经外科医生的视角进行了大量的疾病书写,进而对21世纪的英国城市现状做出诊断。从桑塔格的疾病隐喻理论入手,将小说的疾病书写置于当代西方的城市语境中,探讨疾病所影射的社会文化问题。小说中的欣快症和阿兹海默症的隐喻反映了当代城市文化的缺陷,而被污名化的亨廷顿舞蹈症成了城市对部分人群“他者化”的同谋,反映了城市主流人群对他者的恐惧和偏见。文章洞察出麦克尤恩对城市救赎之路的思考：他认为共情是治愈城市痼疾的可能途径,城市人应从疾病隐喻中抽离,不仅是为了减轻自身的焦虑,更是为了能和不同群体产生对话的可能,从而构建和谐健康的城市。     

论中西诗学中自然美观念的差异性

中西方自然美观念的产生都源于人的觉醒,但不同的文化环境使中西方在对待自然审美上出现众多差异,"比德说"和"移情说"就是代表之一。这种差异性表现在文学上,呈现出西方重外省、中国重内省,西方文学作品表现物我分离较多、中国文学作品表现物我合一较多的特点。     

论汉语非施事主语单宾语构式

汉语非施事主语单宾语构式可例示为“苹果榨了汁”,其形义配置为：［非施事题元/主语］+［动词+宾语］。学界对此类句的本体和整体讨论较少。基于认知构式语法的探讨发现：汉语单宾语构式网络中存在施事和非施事主语构式,前者衍生出后者;后类构式隐没或转移施事并彰显非施事,其动因是编码者的不同概念移情;在动作链上此类构式的作用力弱化而矢量变小;此类构式句主语的话语功能是经常用作话题;语际对比和历时调查显示,汉语的语义关系松散和句法简约促成了题元的灵活转换。     

A Study of Effective and Ineffective Listening Dyads Using the Systems Theory Principle of Entropy

In this investigation, listening was conceptualized as the process of how individuals perceive, process, remember, and understand oral messages (Bostrom, 1990; Rhodes, 1989; Watson and Barker, 1984; Wolvin &; Coakley, 1992). Using the Bem Sex Role Inventory (BSRI; Bem, 1976; Bem, 1985) and the Listening Styles Profile (Watson, Barker, &; Weaver, 1995); four predominant listening styles were examined as a function of respondent sex and gender-role self-perception. Consistent with expectations, the data show that gender-role self-perception mediated reported listener styles. Independent of sex, the findings revealed that communal respondents prefer a people-oriented listening style; whereas agentic respondents prefer an action, time, and content-oriented listening style. Significant sex-differences were also evident in listening styles. Females reported a relational, people-oriented style of listening while males reported a more action, content, and time-oriented style of listening. Further, no sex by gender role self-perception interaction was evident. The implications of these findings for future research and application are discussed.     

Gender Differences in Adolescent Perceptions of Parent-Adolescent Openness in Communication and Adolescent Empathy

Abstract

The purpose of this study was to examine how the relationship between adolescent perceptions of openness in parent-adolescent communication and adolescent empathy may differ by gender of the respondent. Hierarchical multiple regression analyses were used to test the possibility of an interaction between adolescent gender and parent communication in predicting two other-oriented dimensions of empathy (empathic concern and perspective taking) in 236 adolescents ages 14 tol6. Gender of the adolescent, openness in mother-adolescent communication, and openness in father-adolescent communication were significant predictors of adolescent empathic concern. Gender also moderated the relationship between openness in mother-adolescent communication and empathic concern. Further, openness in mother-adolescent communication was a significant predictor of adolescent perspective taking.     

论移情作用在当今社会的重要性

从移情作用的概念出发,首先阐述了对移情作用的认知,接着进一步从认识社会和跨文化交流方面论述移情作用的重要性。移情是美学研究中很重要的概念,推及到其他方面也可以起到积极地促进作用,在此对其进行探讨和研究。     

英国旅行文学与现代情感结构的形成

18世纪的英国处在贵族精英与中产阶级同时并存、海外冒险与殖民开拓齐头并进、大陆旅行与国内旅游互相促进的年代。在旅行文学的影响下,启蒙时代英国人的'情感结构'发生了微妙而深刻的变化,从注重平衡对称的古典美学理念转而强调崇高和宏伟的情感体验,从理性至上的态度转而注重感伤主义和情感主义。持续不断的旅行刺激了文化感受力的复苏,激发了旅行主体的移情能力,使其获得了替代性经历,从而更加深刻地认识了自己。通过时空的转换,旅行主体持续不断地躲避着固定的身份和定义,持续不断地发现自我和确认自我。'情感结构'中出现的这种主体性倾向,在此后的浪漫主义思潮中获得了进一步发展。     

Using Therapeutic Metaphor to Provide a Holding Environment: The Inner Edge of Possibility

The basic thesis of this paper is that effective use of therapeutic metaphor can provide a holding environment within which the client can both address and recontextualize clinical issues. The use of therapeutic metaphor can serve to bolster the empathic connection between therapist and client, providing the client with a new feeling of being understood, in part through a new use of language. Therapeutic metaphor is also particularly well-suited to promoting dialectical understanding and analysis of everyday problems in living. The inner edge of possibility is a construct that illustrates the link between the clinical efficacy and structure of therapeutic metaphor.