清洁发展机制国内立法中的法律问题探讨

《京都议定书》中的清洁发展机制,包含了可更新能源和节能技术的投资,是发展中国家取得必需资源和技术以促进可更新能源和其他清洁能源资源最有希望的方式。清洁发展机制的运用,对于我国的能源有效利用以及可再生能源的开发有极大的促进作用。但是,由于我国缺乏能源基本法对这项制度的确立,致使在制定清洁发展机制国内规则的过程中,作为一种行政许可事项没有相应的法律依据;同时,在清洁发展机制项目实施中公众参与也还存在着一些不足之处。     

Supply Chain Strategies and International Tax Arbitrage

What motivates the geographic footprint of the supply chains that multinational firms (MNFs) deploy? Traditional research in the operations and supply chain management literature tends to recommend locations primarily based on differentials in production costs and the ramifications of physical distance ignoring the role of taxation. MNFs that strategically position parts of their supply chains in low‐tax locations can allocate the profits across the divisions to improve post‐tax profits. For the profit allocation to be defensible to tax authorities, the divisional operations must possess real decision authority and bear meaningful risks. Generally speaking, the greater the transfer of risk and control, the larger the allowable allocation of profit. These transfers may also create inefficiencies due to misalignment of business goals and attitudes toward risk. We model these trade‐offs in the context of placing in a low‐tax region a subsidiary that oversees product distribution (as a limited risk distributor commissionnaire, limited risk distributor, or fully fledged distributor). Our analysis demonstrates that the MNF's preferences regarding the operating structures are not necessarily an obvious ordering based on the amount of risk and decision authority transferred to the division in the low‐tax jurisdiction. We derive and analyze threshold values of the performance parameters that describe the main trade‐offs involved in selecting an operating structure. We find some of the optimal decisions to exhibit interesting non‐monotone behavior. For instance, profits can increase when the tax rate in the low‐tax jurisdiction increases. Numerical analysis shows that the Limited‐Risk Distributor structure is rarely optimal and quantifies when each alternative dominates it.     

中国石油战略安全因素分析

伴随着中国经济的快速崛起,中国能源战略安全问题逐渐突显出来。避免能源引发的国家冲突,制定有效的能源战略,这是我国政府十分重视的国家安全的战略问题。论文从国际关系和地缘政治的角度分析出发,在分析了4大国能源战略的基础上,提出了解决中国能源战略安全的基本思路:构建和谐的中美关系;加大石油储备量以防台海有事;积极建立与印度的友好关系突破美国的战略封锁;积极发展中日之间的能源合作;加强对俄罗斯的能源合作的工作力度。     

我国能源企业核心竞争力评价模型研究

基于能源企业核心竞争力评价指标体系,分别运用AHM和信息熵知识计算指标体系一级、二级指标权重,然后利用未确知测度模型对我国能源企业核心竞争力状况进行评价研究。结果表明,该模型操作性强、精度高,有利于我国能源企业对自身核心竞争力有一个客观、正确的认识,更好地为我国经济发展提供持续的能源保障。     

Health Risks of Energy Systems

Health risks from fossil, renewable and nuclear reference energy systems are estimated following a detailed impact pathway approach. Using a set of appropriate air quality models and exposure-effect functions derived from the recent epidemiological literature, a methodological framework for risk assessment has been established and consistently applied across the different energy systems, including the analysis of consequences from a major nuclear accident. A wide range of health impacts resulting from increased air pollution and ionizing radiation is quantified, and the transferability of results derived from specific power plants to a more general context is discussed.     

配体场势与d轨道分裂的相对能量

以ｄ１组态的简单晶体场理论为基础，根据点群的对称性及配体场势的可加和性原则，讨论了各配体场中ｄ轨道分裂的相对能量的计算方法     

德育资源及其开发利用

德育资源是指可以运用于德育过程、能够给受教育者的思想道德产生积极影响的一切现实和潜在的因素。相对于德育条件,德育资源具有更高的抽象性、概括力,更大的通用性、普适性,更鲜明的主体性、积极性。德育资源的优化配置、高效利用、持续开发是构成健康德育资源观的基本内容。     

论清洁餐饮必须集清洁生产、清洁服务与清洁消费于一体

本文从简要分析餐饮业基本特征、地位、作用出发，从分析餐饮业供需矛盾中餐饮供给对餐饮消费主体的身体健康和生命安全可能造成危害的主要环境因素入手．创新提出了要实现清洁餐饮必须集清洁生产、清洁服务与清洁消费于一体。论述了餐饮清洁生产、清洁服务的供给，是实现清洁餐饮消费，即食品安全的根本保障。并提出在清洁生产、清洁服务与清洁餐饮消费三位一体运营全过程中应实现餐饮业节能降耗减排。     

试论我国的节能政策及改进

以公共政策分析的视角,剖析我国现行节能政策的制定、执行过程中的特点及问题,认为设立全国性的能源工作领导机构,建立完善节能政策相关的政策群以及加大政策执行的监管力度是目前我国节能政策改进的重要方面。