Sparsely clustered survival data: application to the evaluation of the safety and effectiveness of medical devices

The effectiveness and safety of implantable medical devices is a critical public health concern. We consider analysis of data in which it is of interest to compare devices but some individuals may be implanted with two or more devices. Our motivating example is based on orthopedic devices, where the same individual can be implanted with as many as two devices for the same joint but on different sides of the body, referred to as bilateral cases. Different methods of analysis are considered in a simulation study and real data example, including both marginal and conditional survival models, fitting single and separate models for bilateral and non-bilateral cases, and combining estimates from these two models. The results of simulations suggest that in the context of orthopedic devices, where implants failures are rare, models fit on both bilateral and non-bilateral cases simultaneously could be quite misleading, and that combined estimates from fitting two separate models performed better under homogeneity. A real data example illustrates the issues surrounding analysis of orthopedic device data with bilateral cases. Our findings suggest that research studies of orthopedic devices should at minimum consider fitting separate models to bilateral and non-bilateral cases.     

转喻本质研究述评

目前,国内掀起了转喻研究的一股热潮,在这股热潮背后,理清转喻的"真面目"——概念本质及运作机制显得至关重要。文章将转喻本质研究分为转喻作为一种修辞格和认知工具的研究,旨在系统梳理国内外的研究现状,进而揭示转喻的特征,为转喻的理论与应用研究打下坚实的基础。     

Beyond goffman: Some notes on life and theatre as art

This paper discusses two events: a scene from a performance of ‘Waiting for Godot’ and an incident from a team development meeting for a group of senior managers. The focus is upon the nature of the experiences of the respective audiences not upon the instrumental value of the performances. Drawing upon the work of Heidegger and Shklovsky in particular, the author comments, compares and contrasts the two events. Particular emphasis is given to the notion of art as an “unconcealment” and upon the notions of imaginative and present truth.     

英诗修辞的语用解释

为了使会话顺利进行,交际双方必须共同遵守"合作原则"及其子准则.但是对合作原则和子准则的故意违背却会便产生特殊会话含义.英语诗歌中的各种修辞,便是通过使用"陌生化"和"非熟悉化"手段.故意违背语言常规,突出所描写的人或物,从而产生特殊的会话含义.使用语用学理论,探讨英语诗歌修辞的特殊含义及其推导过程,以期帮助人们从一个新的角度来理解英语诗歌的修辞,加深人们对英诗的理解.     

等离子体中弹丸消融的CCD摄像

描述了在ＨＬ１ Ｍ 装置上氢弹丸注入时用高速ＣＣＤ 相机拍摄 Ｈα辐射照片的实验结果。得到了弹丸消融云图像、速度及轨迹。通过对照片的处理，获得辐射光强的空间分布。分析了弹丸轨迹发生弯曲及条纹现象，探讨了弹丸与等离子体相互作用的物理机制，为进一步在弹丸注入条件下用ＣＣＤ 测量等离子体局部磁场和电流分布打下了基础     

浅谈英语广告修辞及其翻译

由于语言和文化上的差异,英语广告中大量使用的修辞手法给我们的理解和翻译带来了一些困难。本文通过列举近一、两年英文杂志上的广告实例,归纳了英语广告中经常使用的六大类修辞手法并对其翻译作了一番初步的探讨。笔者认为英语广告中的修辞翻译应该遵循这样一个原則,即当英汉两种修辞格在表达习惯和文化概念上相近时尽量采取直译;反之,应采取各种变通手法弥补翻译,以求最大限度地再现原文的修辞效果。     

“网络杜甫”:当代文化的一种美学思考

":网络杜甫"事件为我们观察当代文化提供了一个有益窗口。涂鸦的作者不同,反映出来的动机和利益也不同。商家和媒体利用此次事件实现了自身利益,但公众在其中除去"娱乐"自身之外,一无所获。此次事件并没有从根本上改变杜甫本人,而仅仅是一次当代的文化消费。公众娱乐和商家利益构成了整个事件的核心,因此在这种文化消费中,我们根本无法建立起精神、道德等要素。     

祁县新农村文化建设的特点及启示

祁县有声有色的文化建设"红"了祁县,"火"了文化.祁县新农村文化建设类型多样,参与广泛,满足了广大群众精神娱乐和文化消费的不同需求;简约自办,注重实效,代表了市场经济条件下社会文化发展的重要方向;内容向上,贴近实际,弘扬了新时期构建和谐文化的主旋律.由祁县新农村文化建设的成功经验,得到三点启示:党和政府要切实加强对农村文化工作的领导;培育农村文化市场,政府"角色"不可或缺;要大力培养和发展业余兼职的群众文化队伍.     

Enhancing the entertainment experience of blind and low‐vision theatregoers through touch tours

In this paper we demonstrate how universal design theory and the research available on museum‐based touch tours can be used to develop a touch tour for blind and low‐vision theatregoers. We discuss these theoretical and practical approaches with reference to data collected and experience gained from the creation and execution of a touch tour for Hart House Theatre’s production of Hamlet at the University of Toronto. Finally, we offer up the possibility of using universal design theory to create a touch tour that would be attractive to all theatregoers.     

空间光通信中位置敏感器件(PSD)的性能分析

研究了使用ＰＳＤ的空间光通信粗跟瞄系统对光束的位置分辨率。通过理论计算和实验得知,当入射在ＰＳＤ光敏面上的信标光功率约为２８μＷ时,粗跟瞄系统的位置分辨率约为１２６μｍ。同时,通过计算机模拟,对ＰＳＤ的线性度进行了理论值和实验值的对比。