中国收入分配的公平与效率关系测度及评价

首先对公平与效率做出了精确定义,确定其指标,然后测度由于收入分配总量和结构引致的公平与效率的变化量,在此基础上构建了一个公平效率指数,用来反映中国二者关系的变化及其协调程度,最后采用目标优化的方法对收入分配总量和结构进行了优化,根据优化结果提出了改善收入分配关系的建议。     

Critical Discourse,Applied Inquiry and Public Health Action with Urban Middle School Students: Lessons Learned Engaging Youth in Critical Service-Learning

The Nuestro Futuro Saludable partnership designed a critical service-learning intervention focused on health equity and action. The 10-week afterschool intervention was implemented in a Boston middle school. Youths who took part in the intervention were knowledgeable about the social determinants of health in their communities, as well as to the barriers to health. Our findings indicate that engaging young people in a meaningful way will be critical if health improvement efforts are to be realized. We found that a critical service-learning framework that incorporates elements of applied inquiry and critical pedagogy was effective as a health intervention and provided opportunities for action.     

Examining the Nursing Home Physical Environment Through Policy-Driven Culture Change

A critical need exists to challenge approaches to nursing home care due to rigid organizational factors and hospital-like culture. It has been argued that resident care needs to move toward a person-centered approach by addressing the organizational, social, and physical environments in nursing home facilities, a process often known as culture change. In response to this need, the Centers for Medicare & Medicaid Services (CMS) has created funding for pay for performance (P4P) nursing home incentive programs to allow nursing home providers to receive CMS reimbursements for culture change in the facilities. Through care staff interviews, site observations, and a document review, this qualitative study assesses the impact of a Midwestern state P4P incentive program in three participating nursing homes. Using an environment and behavior (E-B) policy orientation framework, this study examines culture change through a focus on policy, the physical environment, place attachment, and social and psychological processes in the study settings.     

国有控股上市公司股权激励机制研究

我国国有控股上市公司实施经营者股权激励机制有其理论基础与实践效用支持。文章通过对国有控股上市公司实施股权激励的本土环境考察，认为要实现经营者股权激励机制的预期效果，强化国有控股上市公司监督机制，制定科学的经营业绩考核指标和恰当的业绩考核标准，是股权激励机制实施的关键，同时应充分发挥中国特色社会主义优势，采取精神激励等多种辅助激励手段。     

试论高校教师管理激励机制的健全与完善

激励是高校教师管理工作的核心。在高校管理中通过采取一系列有效措施，建立健全科学的教师管理激励机制，对于高校的发展具有至关重要的作用。目前我国的一些高校管理部门在对教师的激励手段、方式和措施等方面还存在一些问题和不足，激励机制有待于进一步完善。因此，必须针对存在的问题，采取科学的、切实可行的对策和措施，进一步健全和完善高校教师管理中的激励机制，使其更好地发挥自身的作用。     

消费文化转型的激励机制与“两型社会”的构建

消费文化具有引导、凝聚和激励的社会效应,实现消费文化由传统向现代的转型,对于"资源节约型、环境友好型"社会的构建有着不可或缺的作用.因此,有必要在明确"两型社会"消费文化转型取向的基础上,探求消费文化转型的激励机制,以期对推动"两型社会"的构建进程有所裨益.     

Effects of Work Incentive Policies and Determinants of the Socioeconomic Status of Welfare Leavers in an Economically Disadvantaged Area

Abstract

This study explores how work incentive policies influence the socioeconomic status of welfare leavers. Logistic and ordinal regression methods were used to analyze 1999 statewide survey data on West Virginia WORKS leavers. This study found that people who had more months of eligibility remaining for TANF were more likely to have jobs than those with fewer months of eligibility. People who had been sanctioned for noncompliance with work requirementswere less likely to have jobs than those who had not been sanctioned. However, childcare assistance had a significant influence on the employment of welfare leavers. EITC was significantly associated with the expectation of high economic status. Policy implications are discussed.     

信息不对称下医药营销服务外包契约设计

为了缩减销售成本,一些制药企业将营销服务外包给合约销售公司(contract sales organization,CSO).由于CSO的营销努力不可合同化,制药企业需要基于市场销量来激励CSO的营销努力.然而,市场销量受制药企业定价决策的影响,因此CSO将面临制药企业提高定价的道德风险.此外,药品营销难度信息可能是CSO的私人信息,这使得制药企业面临逆向选择问题.当制药企业将营销服务外包给多个CSO时,由于制药企业针对同一药品在不同市场的售价相同,其定价决策对多个CSO所服务市场的销量具有共同的影响.相对绩效的激励契约能够消除共同不确定因素对代理人产出的影响,从而更有利于激励代理人付出高水平的努力.因此依据信息甄别的博弈模型,分析基于个体绩效与基于相对绩效的激励契约的有效性.研究发现:1)药品营销难度信息对称时,基于相对绩效的激励契约占优于基于个体绩效的激励契约,且可以获得全局最优的营销努力和期望利润;2)药品营销难度信息不对称时,两种激励契约均不能获得全局最优的营销努力和期望利润.数值分析表明,药品营销难度的先验概率,市场价格敏感性和高低类型药品营销难度差异的变化会影响制药企业的契约选择,较高的市场价格敏感性和较低的高低类型药品营销难度差异使得基于相对绩效的激励契约更有效.     

隐性财务契约与企业价值关系研究

知识经济时代,以关系资本、客户资本、声誉资本等为代表的隐性财务资本对企业价值的贡献度越来越大.针对现有文献对隐性财务契约的研究空白,本文在系统归纳、梳理国内外文献基础上,探究了隐性财务契约的基本思想、研究模型、构成要素、驱动系统等,并分别从隐性债务契约、隐性股权契约、隐性福利薪酬契约三个视角对隐性财务契约和企业价值的关系进行了深入的分析探讨.研究表明:隐性债务契约可能与企业价值正相关有助于提升企业价值,也可能与企业价值负相关无助于提升企业价值;隐性股权契约是一种基于财务控制权配置的激励约束机制,这种激励约束机制使得隐性股权契约与企业价值创造正相关;隐性消费方式在影响隐性福利报酬契约履行度的同时进一步影响到企业价值的创造.上述研究结论为深入理解隐性财务契约与企业价值的关系奠定了理论基础.