论隐性采访与舆论监督的伦理考量

由于多种原因,隐性采访被作为舆论监督的有效手段而日益被较多地使用着。考虑到正义的目的或良善的结果,人们往往会忽视对于手段是否正当的质疑,或者采取一种两害权衡取其轻的态度。然而事实上,既然手段是不正当的,目的也就不是正当的,不能为了正义的目的或良善的结果而滥用手段,否则,将会危及社会基本的诚信和公正秩序。     

汽车“二次碾压”的哲学反思

近年来,交通事故不断增多,其中最引人关注的是“二次碾压”。这一现象在社会上引起了激烈的讨论。从目前我国出现的“二次碾压”事故的现状入手,深入分析其产生的原因,提出解决问题的途径,以避免类似悲剧的重演。     

生命周期评价与环境伦理

评价材料与环境协调性的生命周期评价方法有环境伦理的哲学基础,是环境伦理的核心观点的科学体现。然而,从科学角度来看的生命周期评价方法的局限性则未必真是它的局限性,在对其作出环境伦理学的说明之后,有些局限性不过是哲学与科学的内在矛盾的体现,是科学自身的局限性的折射而已。     

网络生态伦理哲学基础与高校德育方法论

网络在给大学生提供信息便利的同时,也导致了他们自我约束力和道德法制意识的降低.而建立在因特网基础上的网络文化,也冲击着人类建立在现代化基础上的现代教育,使人们更加关注网络生态伦理问题.在网络生态环境下,高校应把"以学生为本"作为高校德育方法论的逻辑起点和价值取向,以"道德审美"作为高校德育方法论,以建构和谐的大学生网络生态伦理文化.     

Ethical uneasiness and the need for open-ended reflexivity: the case of research into older people with a wish to die

This article focuses on research ethics in highly intimate research with possible impact on life and death. In order to stimulate an open-ended dialogue about research ethics, we reflect on four ethical challenges that came up during our research into older people with a wish to die. Drawing on our experiences, we discuss (1) the possibly confirming influence of our research on the death wish (moral experience of whether or not to disregard responsibility); (2) the suggested duty to intervene (moral experience of whether or not to compromise the person’s autonomy); (3) the researcher’s authority and power over the data (moral experience of threatening a person’s self-narrative) and (4) the dilemma of intimacy (moral experience of encountering the tragic). For guidance in addressing these challenges, we draw upon work on research ethics from phenomenological and care ethics scholars, as well as from those writing about relational ethics in health research. We suggest that being open about ethical uneasiness is important, because in most cases of a grey area, there are only open-ended answers needing an enquiring mind, rather than clear and fixed guidelines. Acknowledgement of ethical uneasiness and open-ended reflexivity are indispensable to constitute a morally good research practice.     

Converging technologies – what future? The views of the science and policy communities

The contention and politicization of knowledge is nothing new but an inherent part of the scientific endeavour. What is new today is that this practice has been institutionalized and transformed into generally accepted practices for monitoring or regulating the production and/or dissemination of novel knowledge. These practices, which include Bioethics Councils or Committees, citizen dialogues or juries, ethical checklists, ex ante risk assessments or ELSA-type accompanying research, have grown exponentially over the last years and have slowly replaced traditional bottom-up forms of mobilization, even within social movements or civil society organizations. Converging technologies presents both old and new challenges for knowledge politics – in view of its uncertain development and inherent risks but also in view of its philosophical agenda and ethical implications. The article reflects on the future effect of discourse and knowledge politics on convergence technologies by considering developments in Austria     

闺阁中之羁人志士 妾媵中之孽子孤臣——试论明清文人对明末“冯小青事”的道德解读

从中国古代的传统道德、家礼家范入手,分析发生在明末至清代的"冯小青现象",并进一步证明,通过文人对其人及其生存环境的解读,冯小青从一个现实中的才女演变成为那一时代的道德偶像。文人对"冯小青事"的道德解读最终实现了阅读视野的突破,冯小青这一人物形象既有着历史的厚重感又充满了时代的因素。     

归化、异化翻译策略与翻译伦理

归化与异化的翻译策略是翻译伦理讨论的重点。归化与异化之间不应是简单的二元对立的关系，归化／异化的翻译策略与道德／不道德的翻译之间不存在必然联系。在不同的翻译背景下，二者的伦理性质可能会相互转化。只有在这两种翻译策略相结合时才能产生真正道德的翻译。     

Positivism,ethics and politics in Africa

Despite the fact that the study of African politics is dominated by ethical postures, as can be seen with the self-proclaimed qualifications of African states and leaders, the debate on ethics per se is not common. The first challenge of this article is to address ethics as an entry point for African political studies. The second challenge is epistemological. It is related to my efforts to examine values and ideals as facts that should be considered seriously in political science. Therefore, positivism is not incompatible with values and ideals. They are part of the political universe. In this regard, African politics shows the symbolic triumph of democratic ethics. Current facts militate for the upholding of those values.     

“乡下人进城”文学叙事的政治伦理遮蔽与还原--以《我们夫妇之间》、《霓虹灯下的哨兵》为中心

萧也牧的《我们夫妇之间》和沈西蒙、漠雁、吕兴臣编剧的九场话剧《霓虹灯下的哨兵》是较早的“乡下人进城”作品.《我》的饱受争议与《霓》剧的名噪一时形成了鲜明的反差,这源于二者对城乡日常生活方式差异的不同想象.经由这一文学现象的考察,可见当代城乡差异叙事逐渐剥离阶级、国家意识的遮蔽与替代转向不同身份的生命的“生”的个体差异.“差异”的历史衍义折射了国家、阶级、民族宏大叙事的祛魅以及对生命本体差异现状的正视与回归.透视“差异”衍义的审美经验背后的政治,可知进城的乡下人在创造生活的同时也在创造一种历史.