殊途难同归——试析《鼓王》后殖民语境中体现的文化关系

玛格丽特·劳伦斯在短篇小说《鼓王》中清晰地勾勒出宗主国文化与土著文化相遇、浸润、相斥、决裂的走向图 ,对这个过程中两种文化的代表在不同情形下不同心理态势的剖析表明文化误读带来了外来强势文化与土著文化的短暂共存 ,然而前者对后者殖民化、边缘化的征服欲望导致弱势文化为维护自身整一性而进行的不断抗争。宗主国文化暂时的中心地位最终被看似柔弱而坚韧不屈的土著文化成功消解 ,不得不离开这片理想“家园” ,而两者在撞击后也演绎出了耐人寻味的后殖民文化     

抒写"海归派"知识分子的发轫之作——论赛珍珠的长篇小说《同胞》

赛珍珠的长篇小说《同胞》是她全面描写中国知识分子的第一部作品,也是其抒写"海归派"知识分子的发轫之作。在《同胞》中,赛珍珠再现了两类中国知识分子———理论家和实践主义者———当面临抉择之时,是如何在各自的人生道路上寻找自己的根源和归属感的。另外,《同胞》也是最早对待美国华裔经历的文学作品之一。《同胞》再一次证明了赛珍珠文学作品在当代的意义和价值。     

The significance of national pride and national identity to the attitude toward the single European currency: A Europe-wide comparison

The purpose of this paper is to explain the attitude toward the euro on the basis of different aspects of national identity. It is demonstrated that national identity and national pride both entail multi-dimensional constructs. Where national identity is concerned, in most countries a dimension of pure categorization (patriotism) can be distinguished from a dimension of discrimination (nationalism). The third dimension encountered is that of “European patriotism”. National pride can express itself, first, in terms of cultural–historical pride and, second, in terms of economic–political pride. Where the attitude toward the euro is concerned, the stance of European patriotism and the nationalistic stance have particular explanatory force. The former fosters a positive attitude toward the euro, while the latter has a negative impact on the attitude toward the euro. National patriotism, on the other hand, bears no relation to the attitude toward the European Monetary Union.PsycINFO classification code: 2960; 3020     

“Outside and Inside, Male and Female” Reconsidered

This paper reconsiders Judith Kestenberg's classic work Outside and Inside, Male and Female in the light of subsequent work on gender identity and psycho-sexual development. Kestenberg argued that the fear of internal genital sensations was common to both men and women and an obstacle to sexual development. An understanding of the fears and phantasies men and women have about their bodies which they project onto each other is an important aspect of therapeutic work, which the author believes does not receive adequate attention. Through two case examples she shows where Kestenberg's theory is still valid and where it needs to be revised. While Kestenberg could assume a normative heterosexuality, the author suggests we must now reexamine our theories in the light of challenges presented by homosexuality, bisexuality and transexuality.     

Men's Identities and Sociolinguistic Variation: The Case of Fraternity Men

The variation patterns of the variable (ING) in an American college fraternity are explained by analyzing individual men's contextualized discourse. While most of the fraternity men predictably use a lower rate of the 'vernacular' variant in weekly meetings, several men use a higher rate. I argue that all of the men index alignment roles associated with power, but that these alignment roles are powerful in different, specifiable ways. Qualitative discourse analysis shows that the men with high rates of the vernacular variant use (ING) to index working-class cultural models and confrontational stances, as part of identity displays based on physical, rather than structural, power. Thus, the variable has several potential abstract social meanings, but specific interactional meanings can only be constructed in contextualized practice.     

Oppositional identities and rhetoric in divorce

Using data gathered through participant observation and in-depth interviews, this article considers the phenomenon of non-mutual divorce in terms of the oppositional identities that divorcing partners establish through discourse. Divorcing partners describe feelings of mutual ambivalence prior to divorce, but they almost always transform themselves into dumpers (initiators/leavers) and dumped partners once their divorces begin. Most importantly, divorcing people establish these identities by invoking a cultural rhetoric of individualism on one side and a cultural rhetoric of commitment on the other. Although the two identities and their associated rhetorics are transitional, emerging only at the moment when one partner declares I want out and subsiding once the divorce is accomplished, they are significant means by which divorcing partners resolve ambivalence, account for their divorces, and impose a general sense of order onto the dissolution process.     

Projections internationales ou détours vers le local? Les diplomaties identitaires des sikhs (Inde) et des Mohajirs (Pakistan)

Ethnic diplomacy can be characterised as a ‘popular mode of diplomatic action’. As such, it is an illustration of the privatisation of diplomacy, which may involve private actions sponsored by state actors or, on the contrary, private actions with a public outcome in the realm of foreign policy. By attempting to reach out to state actors, international organisations and global NGOs, ethnic diplomats articulate a cultural mode of transnational mobilisation. But these two dimensions of ethnic diplomacy, its ‘culturality’ and its ‘transnationality’, cannot be taken for granted and should be questioned thoroughly. Through this analysis, it appears that long-distance nationalists do not always succeed in transnationalising their activities and that they often end up re-locating themselves in exile. And more than ethnicity or cultural repertoires, it is the political culture of ethnodiplomatic organisations and their relations with the diasporic environments in which they evolve which helps to explain the outcome of these popular modes of diplomatic action.     

“意识形态趋同论”探析

意识形态趋同论的本质是否定社会主义意识形态,实现资产阶级意识形态一统化。意识形态趋同论不符合经济全球化发展的现实与趋势,在理论上是站不住脚的。我国必须坚持和巩固马克思主义在意识形态领域的指导地位,努力加强社会主义意识形态建设。