新常态下公共财政支出与现代农业发展研究

立足于新常态这个宏观背景，以新常态下公共财政支出为建设现代农业提供坚强物质保障为研究目的，从找准切入点，把握着力点，抓好落脚点3个方面理清思路，把推动现代农业发展作为适应、引领新常态的根本出路，采取分析问题解决问题的方法，阐明当前我国现代农业发展面临的新形势、新挑战，对公共财政支出与现代农业发展问题进行探讨，为更好地实现用财于农和“十三五”期间及今后一段时期我国现代农业发展提供参考。     

Association between gambling harms and game types: Finnish population study

Understanding of the harmfulness of game types is needed when planning harm minimization and prevention strategies. Adult data (N = 3555) from the Finnish Gambling 2015 survey was used to investigate the associations between different game types and gambling-related harms. A negative binomial regression model was used to analyse the effects of demographics, gambling involvement factors, and engaging in different game types on the number of gambling-related harms, which were evaluated by PGSI and SOGS. Age of 18–24, gambling several times a week, high relative expenditure, online gambling and engaging weekly either in scratch games, betting games or slot machine gambling were associated with a higher number of gambling harms. Chasing losses was the most typical harm among online poker players and fast-paced daily lottery game players, while poor self-control was the most typical harm with other game types, although some of the results were not statistically significant. Multiple factors were associated with gambling harms, including young age and gambling intensity. Games that provide a possibility for high-frequency gambling are more linked to harms. Recommendations should be implemented to incorporate effective harm-minimizing strategies in the regulation of specific game types both at the legislative level (provision and supply) and at the public health level.     

农村独生子女家庭的养老风险及其保障

解决农村独生子女家庭的养老风险，即关系到国家生育价值的实现，也关系到农村社会的稳定与健康发展。从风险成因上看，少子老龄化，人才流动和城市迁居趋势及家庭结构核心化等是农村独生子女家庭养老风险扩大的重要原因。从风险形式上看。农村独生子女家庭面临着比非独生子女家庭和城市独生子女家庭更加严重的经济保障风险和生活照料、医疗护理及精神慰藉等非经济养老风险，而经济保障风险尤为突出。本文立足风险视角，分析了农村独生子女家庭的养老风险成因，指出了其面临的主要风险形式，并从国家、社会、家庭和个人四个层面提出了化解独生子女家庭养老风险的建议。     

试论我国财政支出结构的调整方向

文章根据财政支出结构调整的一般理论，指出了当前我国财政支出结构中存在的诸多问题，并揭示了深层次的体制原因。根据2007年底召开的中央经济工作会议的要求。今后我国财政支出结构的调整应该大力增加社会性支出。压缩经济建设支出，严格控制行政管理支出，同时兼顾宏观经济调控，实现国民经济又好又快的发展。     

经济消耗与社会构建——箐口村哈尼族丧礼的经济人类学阐释

哈尼族私人生活领域仪式中最为隆重和耗费最大的是丧礼.对箐口村丧礼中的经济消耗的分析证明,它并不是非理性的,而是具备着按大致同等比例灵活决定实际支出、契约式的代际转移、有等级差异的社会性消耗等主要特征.它是一种独特的食物储存、再分配和分期提取的制度.丧礼礼物的赠予和分配过程进一步表明,哈尼族丧礼的根本要义,就在于通过经济的消耗,来实现当地基于亲属与非亲属区分的传统社会结构的再生产.     

A Comparison of Household Budget Allocation Patterns Between Hispanic Americans and Non-Hispanic White Americans

The budget allocation patterns of Hispanic versus non-Hispanic White households are examined. Annual household expenditure data from 1980 to 1992 are constructed from the interview component of the Consumer Expenditure Survey (1980–1992), the Consumer Price Index (1980–1992), and the American Chamber of Commerce Researchers Association (ACCRA) Cost of Living Index (1990). The sample includes 588 Hispanic and 8,444 non-Hispanic White households. A Linear Approximation of the Almost Ideal Demand System with 23 demographic variables is estimated. Findings show that holding other things equal, compared to non-Hispanic White households, Hispanic households allocate significantly more of their budget to food at home, shelter, and apparel and significantly less to food away from home, entertainment, education, health care, and tobacco.     

陕西省农村居民消费结构的计量分析

消费需求是拉动经济增长的根本动因。运用扩展线性支出系统模型对陕西省农村居民的边际消费倾向、收入弹性和价格弹性进行实证分析，结果显示：陕西省农村居民仍然处于生存型消费阶段，消费支出主要集中在食品、教育和居住方面。要提高农村居民消费水平，必须千方百计增加农民收入，普及农村教育，改善农村消费环境。     

财政科技投入产出绩效评价指标的选择

财政科技投入产出绩效评价体系的构造过程可分为评价指标初选和指标体系完善两个阶段,在评价指标初选阶段主要使用定性分析方法,在指标体系完善阶段主要使用定量方法。结合上海市的问卷调查资料,构建出财政科技投入产出绩效评价体系,以期给实践工作带来启发和帮助。     

The "Papy-boom": A historical opportunity for French public hospitals

Abstract   The French public hospital system represents a major element in overall social security expenditure and ongoing reforms are having a significant impact on its financial equilibrium and the internal management of its activities. Nonetheless, the system has been unable to achieve the productivity objectives imposed on it. Significantly, staffing costs account for three quarters of its expenditure, yet most employees are civil servants who cannot be laid off easily. The only possibility for meaningful change in the size of its workforce may lie in the demographic revolution now affecting the French population, which will see half the present staff of public hospitals reaching retirement age within the next decade.     

新疆城镇居民消费结构分析

居民消费结构状况对一地区的经济发展和社会稳定有很大的影响。该文以新疆城镇居民的消费状况为研究对象,采用2005年的相关数据,建立扩展的线性支出系统需求函数模型,并对边际消费倾向、收入弹性和价格弹性进行分析,旨在提出扩大新疆城镇居民消费支出的对策。