Cessation of breastfeeding in association with oxytocin administration and type of birth. A prospective cohort study

Background

Some studies have suggested an association between synthetic oxytocin administration and type of birth with the initiation and consolidation of breastfeeding.

China＇s Ranking Rises in the Mothers＇ Index

正On May 6,2014,Save the Children,an international charity,issued its report of State of the World's Mothers 2014.Among the Mothers’Index covering178 countries in the world,China ranks the 61st,an increase of 7 positions over the previous year.This is the 15th year     

实体企业金融化对全要素生产率的影响研究

实体企业的发展是推动中国经济实现高质量发展的重要载体。越来越多的实体企业开展金融活动,其经济后果广受关注。以2008—2019年中国A股市场实体企业为样本,运用固定效应回归模型分析企业金融化对全要素生产率的影响及其影响路径。研究发现,现阶段金融化对全要素生产率具有抑制作用,企业金融化程度的加深会提高对全要素生产率的抑制程度,会表现出“套利”而非“反哺”。通过机制检验发现,商业信用与经营业绩在金融化对全要素生产率的影响过程中具有中介作用,企业的金融化选择行为会降低商业信用与经营业绩,从而导致全要素生产率下降,分别证明了“金融化程度—商业信用—全要素生产率”与“金融化程度—经营业绩—全要素生产率”两条作用路径的有效性。进一步研究发现,金融生态环境以及融资约束程度具有调节作用,金融化对全要素生产率的负面作用在金融生态环境较差以及融资约束程度较高的企业中更显著。基于实证结果,提出促进资源更多投入实体经济、净化金融生态环境、改善企业资源配置结构等措施,优化实体企业的金融化选择。     

ESTIMATION OF A PROPORTION USING SEVERAL INDEPENDENT SAMPLES OF BINOMIAL MIXTURES

This paper considers a sequence of independent counts, with each count arising from a mixture of binomial distributions; the mixing distribution is fixed but the number of trials varies from count to count. In this common situation, an estimate of the underlying mean binomial proportion is needed. Two estimators are in general use: the arithmetic average and a weighted average of the observed proportions. Variances of the two estimators are compared and used to decide which estimator is preferred in a given context. The relative merits depend on the distribution of the proportions and the numbers of trials used.     

编程切削封闭平面廓线时进退刀曲线的确定

在CNC机床上编程铣、磨削加工封闭平面廓线时,必须选择刀具进入切削和退出切削的合理曲线,从而保证廓线上进退刀点处的几何形状.本文提出用高阶密合曲线来实现这一目的.     

球墨铸铁磨球补缩的试验研究

利用球墨铸铁石墨化膨胀的特性，对球墨铸铁鹰球，采取控制压力冒口的方法进行补缩，并对铁水成分，铸件模数、传型硬度及浇注温度等因素的影响进行试验研究．最后对后球的生产工艺进行了验证．     

The Mother Who Didn't See Her Baby and the Hospital That Didn't See the Psychiatrist

Abstract

This paper discusses the initiation of an infant preschool child psychiatric consultation service in a tertiary level paediatric hospital, where there had been no service such as this in the past ten years. The case presented illustrates the complex nature of both feeding disorders in infants and the cases seen in this tertiary level institution. It also describes a parallel process: The mother who was uninvolved with her infant and the hospital that was indifferent to the child psychiatric-consultation service development process. An understanding of the psychodynamic aspects of the child, the mother, and the interactions between the medical team and the child psychiatrist were crucial to the success of the treatment. This psychodynamic understanding is also essential to the development of a continuing working relationship between the child psychiatric-consultation liaison service and the hospital.     

Enacting Gustatory Pleasure on Behalf of Another: The Multimodal Coordination of Infant Tasting Practices

Tasting as a social practice can be enacted on behalf of others through precisely positioned nonlexical vocalizations as gustatory mmms. This paper uses multimodal interaction analysis to detail the coordination of parents and infants while starting to feed solid foods; data are from families in Scotland. The analysis focuses on the organization of parental mmms in relation to eye gaze, sequentiality, and the temporal coordination of hands, food, and mouths to demonstrate their use in beginning, continuing, and refocusing on taste. The paper proposes that in order to fully understand the sociality of tasting, infant feeding research should include real‐time vocal and embodied behavior, which is also key to the functional analysis of sensoriality‐related vocalizations at the margins of language.     

‘We are Hungry but We Won’t Eat the Food’: Schoolchildren’s ‘Thin’ agency and its impacts on the implementation of Ghana’s School Feeding Programme

Following the introduction of the concept of agency by the New Sociology of Childhood, the concept has dominated discourses about children's everyday lives. Nevertheless, little is known about schoolchildren's agency in their daily interactions with the service providers of Ghana's school feeding programme. Through this qualitative study, the paper provides empirical evidence to show how children in restrictive contexts exercise ‘thin’ agency in their interactions with frontline service providers, leading to significant improvements in the quality of services delivered to them. Consequently, the article questions Michael Lipsky's assumption that clients have minimal effect on the services delivered to them.